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Final Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What is a theory

A

A scientific law that can be adapted

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2
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity

A

Speed does not have a direction but velocity does have a direction

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3
Q

What is the scientific method

A

The process to find out if something is true

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4
Q

Instantaneous speed

A

Your speed at any given moment

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5
Q

Average speed

A

Your average speed over a period of time

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6
Q

Acceleration

A

Change in velocity over time

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7
Q

Newton’s first law

A

Inertia (things with mass are stubborn)

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8
Q

Newton’s second law

A

F=ma

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9
Q

Newton’s third law

A

Every action causes an equal but opposite reward

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10
Q

What causes acceleration?

A

Force

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11
Q

How many atoms atoms are in one thimble of water

A

10^23

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12
Q

Brownian motion

A

Atoms are constantly moving

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13
Q

An elastic collision ___________

A

Bounces

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14
Q

An inelastic collision

A

Does not bounce (sticks)

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15
Q

Machines

A

Devices to multiply forces or change in direction of forces

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16
Q

Lever

A

Spreads work over a longer distance

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17
Q

Element

A

A specific type of atom

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18
Q

Molecules

A

Combined elements

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19
Q

Compounds

A

Combinations of atoms in a fixed portion

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20
Q

Crystalline

A

Formed with crystals, so it is a geometric shape

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21
Q

Elasticity

A

Extent to which object can change shape and go back to its original form

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22
Q

Elastic limit

A

The extent to where an object cannot go back to its original form

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23
Q

What does Hooke’s law state

A

The amount of compression of an object is proportional to the force

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24
Q

A liquid exerts ___________ on all sides of the container it’s in

A

Pressure

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25
T/F you can you compress liquids
False
26
Total pressure
Liquid pressure + air pressure
27
Archimedes principal
When an object is immersed in water, the object is "buoyed up" by a force equal to the displaced water
28
Pascal's principal
Changing the pressure at one point in a liquid affects all of the liquid
29
What measures air pressure
Barometer
30
Bernoulli's principal
For a fluid, if the speed goes up, the pressure goes down
31
Thermal equilibrium
When there is no temperature difference between to objects
32
Newton's law of cooling
The rate of temperature change is proportional of how big the temperature difference is
33
Conduction
Molecule to molecule contact
34
Convection
Transfer of heat through fluids
35
Radiation
Through electric magnetic waves, radiant energy travels in propagating waves of different wavelengths
36
Saturation
At a certain temperature, there is a maximum amount of water that can be in the air
37
Humidity
Measures air and water vapor quantities
38
Equilibrium
When evaporation and condensation happen at the same rate
39
2cd law of thermodynamics
Heat will never, of itself, flow from a cold object to a hot object
40
T/F there be an adiabatic system
False
41
1st law of thermodynamics
When heat is added to a system, it will transform into an equal amount of other energies
42
Entropy
Degree of disorder
43
What frequency can humans hear
20-20,000 Hz
44
Rarefaction
A pulse of low pressure air
45
Compression
A pulse of closely packed air
46
What does sound need to travel through
A medium
47
Forced vibration
Movement of a vibration from one object to another
48
Natural frequency
The preferred frequency of an object due to its physical properties
49
Resonance
When a forced vibration equals the natural frequency, the amplitude increase dramatically
50
Particle theory
Light seems to travel in a straight line
51
Diffraction
Light hits something and it splits into different wavelengths
52
Sound is vibrating __________ but light is vibrating _______________
Matter, electrical charges
53
Ray
A beam of light
54
Shadow
Where rays cannot reach
55
Umbra
A total shadow
56
Penumbra
Partial shadow
57
Additive primary colors
Red, green, and blue
58
Subtractive primary colors
Red, yellow, and blue
59
Diffuse Reflection
Light reflected in many directions due to rough surfaces
60
Acoustics
Study of reflective properties of sound
61
What does charging by friction require
Two surfaces but no conductor
62
What does charging by contact require
A conductor
63
Magnetic domain
Area of alignment with electrons in a magnetic field

Physics (3 decks)

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