Final Study Guide Flashcards
Covalent bonding
bond between nonmetal and nonmetal
(nonmetal atoms share eletrons)
Ionic Bonding
Gving and taking electrons (not sharings)
at least one metal and at least one nonmetal
strong electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions
metallic bonding
strong electrostatic attraction between positive ions and negative delocalized electrons (only occurs between metals
metals)
Duet Rule
H and He may have no more than 2 electrons in their valence shells
Ductility
ability for material to be stretched, pulled, or drawn into a thin wire or thread without breaking
nonpolar covalent
electrons are shared equally between atoms
polar covalent bond
when atoms with different electronegativities share electrons in a covalent bond
molecular compound
molecules whose formula represents the actual number of atoms bonded together in the molecule
(ex. H20 has 3)
Polyatomic Molecules
electrically neutral groups of three or more atoms held together by covalent bonds
polyatomic ion
an ion that contains more than one atom
justification for chemical bonding
atoms are trying to reach the most stable (lowest-energy) state that they can
ionic compounds
the compounds formed by the transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals
metallic compound
formed by free-floating electrons around positive metal ions
law of definite proportion
the mass ratio of elements within a chemical compound is constant
multiple proportions
when two elements combine with each other to form more than one compound, the weights of one element that combine with a fixed weight of the other are in a ratio of small whole numbers
concept of a mole
The mole (symbol mol) is the unit of measurement for amount of substance, a quantity proportional to the number of elementary entities of a substance.
Resonance
bonding of molecules that cannot be correctly represented by a single Lewis Structure
halide ion
a halogen atom bearing a negative charge
vsper
a model used to predict 3-D molecular geometry based on the number of valence shell electron bond pairs among the atoms in a molecule or ion
low melting point and boiling points
covalent
high melting and boiling points
metallic and ionic
strong electrical conductance when dissolved in water
ionic
low or no conductance when dissolved in water
covalent
conducts electricity in a solid state
metallic
this bond results from the attraction of cations to anions
ionic
the unequal sharing of electrons results in this type of bond
polar covalent
this bond results from the equal sharing of electrons
nonpolar covalent
free floating valence electrons are attracted to cations
metallic
the attraction between and metal and a nonmetal
ionic
the bond formed when flourine is bonded with flourine
covalent
if the electronegative different is .4 to 1.7 what type of bond is it?
polar covalent
a molecule is formed from this type of bond
ionic
a formula unit results from this type of bond
ionic
formula unit
smallest unit of ionic compound
simplest collection of atoms from which ionic compound’s formula can be established
which elements form double bonds?
carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen
lewis dot structures drawn for
covalent compounds
