Final Study

Question 1

What is the gold standard to demonstrate P jirovecii?

Answer 1

Grocott modification of GMS (can also be demonstrated with Giemsa)

Question 2

At what thickness do you cut for myelin stains?

Answer 2

10-15 microns

Question 3

What do chromate fixatives require before processing?

Answer 3

Wash well with water

Question 4

EA solutions used in cytologic staining contain:

Answer 4

Light green, eosin Y, and phosphotungstic acid

Question 5

Carcinoma antibody (anaplasia)

Answer 5

AE1/AE3, CAM 5.2

Question 6

Lymphoma antibodies (anaplasia)

Answer 6

CD45 LCA (leukocyte common antigen)

Question 7

Melanoma antibody (anaplasia)

Answer 7

HMB45 (and Vimentin)

Question 8

Sarcoma antibodies (anaplasia)

Answer 8

Vimentin

Question 9

High grade glioma (anaplasia)

Answer 9

GFAP and Vimentin

Question 10

Follicular lymphoma antibody

Answer 10

Bcl2

Question 11

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Answer 11

CD117

Question 12

Hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 12

CD15

Question 13

B-cell lymphoma

Answer 13

CD20

Question 14

T-cell lymphoma

Answer 14

CD3

Question 15

Colon carcinoma

Answer 15

CK20

Question 16

Carcinoma

Answer 16

Cytokeratin (pankeratin)

Question 17

Leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma

Answer 17

Desmin

Question 18

Breast carcinoma

Answer 18

ER, HER2

Question 19

Glioblastoma multiforme

Answer 19

GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)

Question 20

Breast ductal carcinoma

Answer 20

GCDFP15 (gross cystic disease fluid protein), PR

Question 21

Melanoma

Answer 21

HMB-45, Melan-A

Question 22

Prostate adenocarcinoma

Answer 22

PSA

Question 23

Schwannoma

Answer 23

S-100

Question 24

Lung adenocarcinoma

Answer 24

TTF1 (thyroid transcription factor 1)

Question 25

Seminoma

Answer 25

Vimentin

Question 26

What kind of knives required for thin sections of glycol methacrylate embedded tissue?

Answer 26

Glass

Question 27

What is physiological pH?

Answer 27

7.2 - 7.4

Question 28

Nuclear bubbling causes

Answer 28

1) use of NBF 2) inadequate fixation 3) poor drying after sectioning

Question 29

Red to red-brown

Answer 29

Heme breaking down or bluing step not performed

Question 30

Dark, hazy blue nuclei

Answer 30

Excessive heat during processing

Question 31

Ribbon failure

Answer 31

Too much blade tilt Dull blade Cold blade Melting point of paraffin too high

Question 32

Lifting section from blade as block raises

Answer 32

Dull blade Too little blade tilt Melting point too low

Question 33

Washboarding (macro)

Answer 33

Too much blade tilt Vibrations caused by microtome

Question 34

Thick and thin sections

Answer 34

Too little blade tilt Dull blade

Question 35

Compressed sections

Answer 35

Dull/gunky blade Too little blade tilt