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Htl Exam > Final Study > Flashcards

Final Study Flashcards

1
Q

What is the gold standard to demonstrate P jirovecii?

A

Grocott modification of GMS (can also be demonstrated with Giemsa)

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2
Q

At what thickness do you cut for myelin stains?

A

10-15 microns

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3
Q

What do chromate fixatives require before processing?

A

Wash well with water

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4
Q

EA solutions used in cytologic staining contain:

A

Light green, eosin Y, and phosphotungstic acid

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5
Q

Carcinoma antibody (anaplasia)

A

AE1/AE3, CAM 5.2

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6
Q

Lymphoma antibodies (anaplasia)

A

CD45 LCA (leukocyte common antigen)

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7
Q

Melanoma antibody (anaplasia)

A

HMB45 (and Vimentin)

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8
Q

Sarcoma antibodies (anaplasia)

A

Vimentin

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9
Q

High grade glioma (anaplasia)

A

GFAP and Vimentin

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10
Q

Follicular lymphoma antibody

A

Bcl2

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11
Q

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor

A

CD117

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12
Q

Hodgkin lymphoma

A

CD15

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13
Q

B-cell lymphoma

A

CD20

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14
Q

T-cell lymphoma

A

CD3

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15
Q

Colon carcinoma

A

CK20

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16
Q

Carcinoma

A

Cytokeratin (pankeratin)

17
Q

Leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma

A

Desmin

18
Q

Breast carcinoma

A

ER, HER2

19
Q

Glioblastoma multiforme

A

GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein)

20
Q

Breast ductal carcinoma

A

GCDFP15 (gross cystic disease fluid protein), PR

21
Q

Melanoma

A

HMB-45, Melan-A

22
Q

Prostate adenocarcinoma

A

PSA

23
Q

Schwannoma

A

S-100

24
Q

Lung adenocarcinoma

A

TTF1 (thyroid transcription factor 1)

25
Q

Seminoma

A

Vimentin

26
Q

What kind of knives required for thin sections of glycol methacrylate embedded tissue?

A

Glass

27
Q

What is physiological pH?

A

7.2 - 7.4

28
Q

Nuclear bubbling causes

A

1) use of NBF
2) inadequate fixation
3) poor drying after sectioning

29
Q

Red to red-brown

A

Heme breaking down or bluing step not performed

30
Q

Dark, hazy blue nuclei

A

Excessive heat during processing

31
Q

Ribbon failure

A

Too much blade tilt
Dull blade
Cold blade
Melting point of paraffin too high

32
Q

Lifting section from blade as block raises

A

Dull blade
Too little blade tilt
Melting point too low

33
Q

Washboarding (macro)

A

Too much blade tilt
Vibrations caused by microtome

34
Q

Thick and thin sections

A

Too little blade tilt
Dull blade

35
Q

Compressed sections

A

Dull/gunky blade
Too little blade tilt

Htl Exam (5 decks)

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