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Movement Science > Final Spring 2015 > Flashcards

Final Spring 2015 Flashcards

1
Q

medial lateral perterbations do what to hips

A

enact the hips, flexors unload

extensors load

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2
Q

2 gait adaptations

A

spin turn

step turn

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3
Q

without vision, pts have to really rely on

A

proprioception

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4
Q

stride length ___ with age

A

decreases

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5
Q

fnct of brain stem

A

primal- breathing, digestion

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6
Q

pariatal lobe

A

reach, grasping, reaction to env

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7
Q

temporal lobe

A

language, hearing, memory

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8
Q

power vs precision grip

A

power- like a baby or holding a hammer

precision - a needle or pen

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9
Q

thalmus

A

sorts data

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10
Q

feed forward

A

your reaction is due to a memory implant, it’s anticipatory

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11
Q

catching a ball, your rxn happens

A

prox to distal

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12
Q

reaction time ___ with more practice

A

decreases as you learn

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13
Q

grasping is a ___ task

A

distal

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14
Q

explain ICF model

A

top tier- med condition
next 3 teirs - body impairment, activity limitation, participatio restriction
lower tiers - env, personal factors

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15
Q

Massed vs distributed

A

dist is best
Massed - for endurace pts
distributed- when they need more breaks

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16
Q

constant vs variable

A

constant - same always
variable - mix it up

ex: walking, always in a straight line on concrete vs zig zagging an doing steps

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17
Q

random vs blocked (order)

A

random is best for long term motor learning

blocked is good for beginner or cog issue

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18
Q

guidance vs discovery

A

guidence is less effective bc they just do what they are told

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19
Q

Fitts and Posners stages of motor dev

A

1- Cognition
2- Association
3 -Autonomy

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20
Q

Explain cognition stage of fitts and posner

A

experimentation, not sure what works best at this point, they are trying to find preffered strategies

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21
Q

Explain associative stage of fitts and posner

A

they are defining and mastering their preffered strategy

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22
Q

Explain autonomous stage of fitts and posner

A

its automatic, can now worry about env, and other factors

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23
Q

What is sx model theory

A

idea that movement is synergistic. there are 3 levels
novice - hardly any dof used
advanced
expert -release/use of all dof

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24
Q

4 main goals of Motor Learning

A
  1. generalizability
  2. retention-repeatable
  3. quality of performance
  4. resistance to change
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25
4 stages of motor control
initial mobility stablity controlled mobility skill
26
standing independently at what age
12 mos
27
Heirarchy dev with babies (what comes first and what after that)
attitudinal/postural reflexes righting reactions balace posture mastery
28
Explain ATNR
where the head goes, the UE will follow
29
STNR
where head goes, arms follow and legs do opp
30
Tonic Labyrinthian
when head flexes trunk flexes | when head extends trunk extends
31
attitudinal/postural reflexes effect
tone of ENTIRE body
32
What sensory sx is most prominent in babies
visual
33
mental practice happens dt what part of brain
pre frontal
34
cognition includes what 3 things
attention motivation emotion
35
declarative memory comes from
explicit- hipppo
36
procedural learning happens due to what brain part
cerebellum
37
3 requisites of locomotion
stability progression adaptability
38
___controls reach, while ___ controls grasp
prox-reach | distal-grasp
39
voluntary control is due to
frontal lobe
40
coordinator of mvmt
cerebellum
41
Fitts law
accuracy and speed, large vs wide target) (bigger target the faster you can complete the task-not as fine and skilled) (start with bigger target first)
42
voluntary control happens due to
frontal lobe
43
sensations needed for posture and fine motor control
all (sight, touch, proprioception, vestibular)
44
ATNR is beginning of
eye hand coordination
45
3 things needed for reflex theory
receptor pathway effector
46
motor control and motor memory dt
cerebellum
47
language hearing and memory
temporal lobe
48
executive brain fnct
frontal lobe
49
sight dt
occipital lobe
50
sensations dt
pariatal lobe
51
grasp reflex integration occurs
6mos
52
intrinsic vs extrinsic feedback
intrinsic- within | extrinsic- outside body
53
5 main parts to gait measurment
``` step length step width stride length velocity step rate ```
54
what is step length
1 foot strike to anotehr
55
what is stride legth
q 2 steps
56
what is step witdth
heel distances
57
reactive and proactive strategies
reactive - reflexes, (px, temp, tactile, sensory stimulation) Proactive -come later - jumping over obstacles
58
part of brain responsible for gait speed
brainstem
59
part of brain controls start/stop of motion
basal ganglia
60
we lose type ___ fibers with age
II -fast twitch
61
factors to the task oriented approach to PT
task individual env all on functional mvmt
62
Motor control includes ____ controls
postural
63
Postural control depends on individual char, what are they
BOS COM LOS Sensory and Motor strategies
64
stability, you go against ___ forces
vertical
65
progression, you go against ___ forces
horizontal
66
Main muscle group in gait cycle
hips
67
motor milestones
``` 2 months for head control and prone on elbows 6 sit 8 crawl 10 pull up 12 walk ```
68
what sense is needed for eye/hand coordination
vision
69
We use ____control during reaching tasks
posture
70
mental practice happens in what part of brain
frontal cortex
71
Hip abductors are activated to ____ control the wt shift of the pelvis
eccentrically
72
stride length
same foot to same foot
73
children use feed ___
back (reactionary response)
74
reactive adaptations rely on
balance
75
proactive adaptations rely on
vision**
76
____ m/sec to cross a street
1.4
77
as we age, _____ of muscles occurs during walking which increases stiffness
coactivation
78
locating an object visually
visual regard
79
fine motor task of holding a pencil
prehension
80
log roll occurs
4 mos
81
grasp reflex occurs dt
spinal cord
82
stepping reflex is a CPG and occurs when
at birth
83
walk to run to gallop to
hop to skip

Movement Science (3 decks)

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