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Intro to Literature ENV 210 PCC > Final (Since Test 2) > Flashcards

Final (Since Test 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What two movements are associated with 20th Century British and American Literature?

A

Modernism and Contemporary (includes postmodernism)

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2
Q

What did mankind have faith in…
Before WWI?
After WWI?
After WW2?

A

society and art
art (but not society)
neither society nor art

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3
Q

What is 20th Century Modernism?

A

term for the first half of the century

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4
Q

What methods and ideologies were rejected in 20th C. modernism?

A

Victorian and Realistic

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5
Q

What two things were emphasized in 20th C. Modernist writing?

A

industrial-era social and political issues

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6
Q

20th C. Worldviews

A

Darwinsim–biologic determinism
Marxism–political determinism
Freudianism–psychological determinism
Secularism–Unaware of Christian truths
Existentialism–must find own meaning in life
Nihilism–no meaning in life at all
Pluralism–no absolutes (truth is subjective)

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7
Q

20th C. Literary Characteristics

A 
Highly experimental
Rejected traditional literary styles
Free forms
Lack of true meaning
Cynical and pessimistic
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8
Q

20th C. Literary Themes

A

Alienation of “Modern” man
Disintegration of civilization
Moral relativism
Moral looseness

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9
Q

Who is known for showing characters who show dangers of skepticism and corruption?

A

Joseph Conrad

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10
Q

Work: An Outpost of Progress

A

Author: Joseph Conrad
Themes: The destructive results of colonization and imperialism
Setting: African jungle

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11
Q

List and explain the 3 main characters of “An Outpost of Progress.

A

Kayerts and Carlier: White men newly assigned to work at a trading post
Makola: African man who is their bookkeeper–he is also in charge of 10 slaves

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12
Q

Who was the first modern black poet to use black dialect and to achieve popularity among black and white audiences?

A

Paul Laurence Dunbar

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13
Q

Work: We Wear the Mask

A

Author: Paul Laurence Dunbar
Theme: What society sees vs. what we hide

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14
Q

What things was Edwin Arlington Robinson known for?

A

“Portrait” poems
“Tilbury Town”
Characters who were desolate, lonely, disillusioned, materialistic, and failures

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15
Q

Work: Richard Cory

A

Author: Edwin Arlington Robinson
Theme: Perception vs. Reality of Happiness

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16
Q

Whose early career was influenced by Naturalism (Determinism) but they later rejected?

A

Willa Carther

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17
Q

Work: Paul’s Case

A

Author: Willa Carther
Theme: Fate determined by heredity and environment
Setting: Pittsburgh/NYC early 1900s
Symbols: Red carnation, Cordelia Street (his name), Trains

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18
Q

What was D. H. Laurence known for?

A

(English author) Controversial novels that challenged moral traditions

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19
Q

Work: Odour of Chrysanthemums

A

Author: D. H. Lawrence
Theme: The ability of traumatic events to put things into perspective

20
Q

What is Free Verse?

A

Verse with no consistent metrical pattern
Made popular by Walt Whitman’s Leaves of Grass
Stanza, Refrain, Open form

21
Q

Who is considered to be one of the greatest American poets of the 20th Century?

A

Robert Frost

22
Q

Work: After Apple Picking

A

Author: Robert Frost
Theme: Hard work brings exhaustion

23
Q

Work: The Road not Taken

A

Author: Robert Frost
Themes: Choices, consequences, and regret
Robert Frost’s most famous poem

24
Q

Which important modernist poet was also a doctor who delivered babies?

A

William Carlos Williams

25
Q

What is Imagism?

A

Focus on imagery and aesthetics rather than meaning

26
Q

Work: The Red Wheelbarrow

A

Author: William Carlos Williams
Theme: Significance in experience
Anything can become significant

27
Q

Work: Spring and All

A

Author: William Carlos Williams
Theme: Struggle of new life
Non-traditional approach to a poem about spring

28
Q

What is James Joyce known for?

A

The greatest Irish Modern Era novelist

Known for “stream of consciousness” style

29
Q

Work: Araby

A

Author: James Joyce
Theme: Failed expectations
Symbol: the bazar

30
Q

What is Wilfred Owen known for?

A

Fought in WWI but died just before the end

His works were collected and published by a friend after he died

31
Q

Work: Dulce et Decorum Est

A 
Author: Wilfred Owen
Theme: Realities of war
First-person perspective of the destruction of war
Imagery of the poison gas
Major device: irony
32
Q

What is T. S. Eliot’s poetry known for?

A

Its use of language and imagery rather than meaning

33
Q

Work: The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”

A

Author: T. S. Eliot
Themes: Man’s inability to live a meaningful existence in the modern world/Poking fun at inability and spinelessness
Modern dramatic monologue written in stream of consciousness

34
Q

Who coined the term “Age of Anxiety” for the postwar era?

A

W. H. Auden

35
Q

Work: The Unknown Citizen

A 
Author: W. H. Auden
Theme: Personal identity vs. citizenship
Style: Saterical funeral elegy
Written about becoming a part of the American system
Irony: so many details but still unknown
36
Q

What shifted the focus of blacks from slavery to more modern problems and issues?

A

The Harlem Renaissance

37
Q

Who was a primary Harlem Renaissance poet?

A

Langston Hughes

38
Q

Work: Theme for English B

A

Author: Langston Hughes
Theme: Understanding other perspectives

39
Q

What style did William Faulkner use?

A

American Southern Gothic

40
Q

Work: A Rose for Emily

A

Author: William Faulkner
Themes: Decline of the Old South/Dealing with loss/Community vs. isolation

41
Q

What is e. e. Cummings known for?

A

Experimentation with language

42
Q

Work: anyone lived in a pretty how town

A

Author: e. e. Cummings
Theme: Namelessness of society

43
Q

What author was mainly known for humorous stories but was launched into the spotlight with “The Lottery”?

A

Shirley Jackson

44
Q

Work: The Lottery

A

Author: Shirley Jackson
Theme: Questioning those who blindly follow traditions

45
Q

Work: The Lanyard

A

Author: Billy Collins
Theme: Repaying sacrificial love

46
Q

Work: The Black Walnut Tree

A

Author: Billy Collins
Theme: The importance of preserving a family legacy
Symbols: The tree–family; the decision–preserving the past

Intro to Literature ENV 210 PCC (5 decks)

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