Final (Revised) Study Flashcards
Emergency action steps
Check, Call, Care
Emergencies that prompt you to call 911
signs of shock
life threatening bleeding
head or spine injury
anaphylaxis
unresponsive and not breathing
chest pain (signs of heart attack)
You wear it to protect yourself from bodily fluids and disease transmission; also to protect the patient
PPE
What does the SAM interview stand for?
Signs and Symptoms, Allergies, Medications and Medical history
first thing done before identifying yourself and asking for consent, is constant and evolving
Checking for scene safety
Examples of unsafe scenes
bad weather, downed power lines, busy street and traffic, people, situations beyond your training
Cardiac chain of survival; these give the patient the best chance for surviving
Early recognition- knowing signs and symptoms
Early 911
Early CPR
Early AED
Early advanced life support (EMS arrives)
CPR consists of
30 chest compressions with 2 rescue breaths
Quality chest compression depth
2-3 inches deep (at least for adults)
Quality chest compression rate
100-120 bpm
Quality chest compression location
center of the chest
Quality rescue breath head tilt
Adults: past neutral
Children: slightly past neutral
Quality rescue breath length
1 second
Quality rescue breath check
For chest rising and falling
Body positing for patient when performing CPR
on firm flat surface, lying on their back
Body positioning for Responder when performing CPR
kneel next to patient, knees hip distance apart, stack hands, lock your elbows, have shoulders, elbows, and wrists in a straight line
When to stop performing CPR
When EMS arrives
Unsafe scene
Exhausted to continue
Another trained responder arrives and relieves you
Patient becomes responsive
AED becomes available, stop to set up AED and then resume
Responsive person choking procedure: body position
standing, bent forward at the waist, head, shoulders, upper body is parallel to the ground as possible
Responsive person choking procedure: back blows
give 5 between the shoulder blades
Responsive person choking procedure: abdominal thrusts
give 5, fists above the naval (belly button); if person is too large, give chest thrusts
When to use an AED
as soon as one becomes available
AED pad placement
Upper right chest, lower left
Pads do not touch
What AED pads do you NOT use on adults?
pediatric
Does AED work through clothing?
NO! Remove clothing to expose the chest
signs and symptoms of concussion
Confusion
Headache
Nausea and vomiting
Unresponsiveness
Visual changes/disturbances
Signs and symptoms of shock
Increased respiratory rate and heart rate
Altered mental status- anxious, restless, confused, irritable
Pale, cool, and clammy skin
Anaphylaxis signs and symptoms
Rash (systemic or near airway)
Difficulty breathing
Lightheaded
Swelling of tongue and throat
Infection signs and symptoms
Redness and swelling
Pus
Heated, may have a fever
Red streaks
What does MOI stand for?
mechanism of injury
MOI (mechanism of injury) for Spine
Falls from height
High velocity impact
Falling directly on your buttocks
People over 65
Heart attack signs and symptoms
Chest pain/tightness
Radiating to shoulder, jaw, arm, back
Pale/grayish skin
Shortness of breath
Fatigue
How to perform care of a heart attack
Get them comfortable
Loosen tight clothing
Assist with 325 milligrams of Aspirin
How to perform care with diabetic emergencies
Give patient 15-20 grams of sugar
What do you give to care for someone with opiate overdose
Narcan (naloxone)
How to care for Head/neck/spine injury
Do not move patient, leave them in position found
Limit movement
Keep them comfortable
How to care for bleeding control
Assess from volume and flow
Apply direct pressure
How to perform direct pressure for bleeding control
Put gauze and bandage right over the wound
Press hard with both hands
Stop holding pressure when the bleeding stops
For extremities only
Place them 2-3 inches above the wound (between the wound and the heart)
DO NOT put tourniquet directly on the wound or on a joint
Once we put it on, we don’t take it off until they see the doctor
Tourniquets
