Final Review-Thoracic Cavity Flashcards
What is it called when two or more ribs are broken consecutively causing opposite breathing motion?
Flail Chest
What are the 7 accessory respiratory muscles?
1.Anterior Scalene 2.Middle Scalene 3.Posterior Scalene 4.External Intercostal 5.Internal Intercostal 6. Innermost Innercostal 7.Transversis Thoracisis
What is it called when AIR invades the Pleural Space?
Pneumothorax
What is it called when BLOOD invades the Pleural Space?
Hemothroax
How many CURA are around the Aortic and Esophageal Hiatus?
2 Cura, R Cura and L Cura
What supplies the intercosal muscles with blood? What is their source?
The intercostal arteries and they come from the aorta
Where does the neurovascular bundle run along the rib?
THE LOWER portion (underside) of the rib
What is the procedure to sew the cura over the esophagus to stop acid reflux?
Nissen
What structure does the RECURRENT Vagus nerve wrap around on the Right side of the body? What about the Left side of the body?
R: The subclavian artery, Left: Aorta
Which cervical nerve branches keep the diaphragm alive?
C3 C4 C5 keep the diaphragm alive!
What nerve runs ANTERIOR to the hyaline of the lung? What nerve runs POSTERIOR to the hyaline of the lung?
Anterior:Phrenic Posterior:Vagus PARTY IN THE BACK ROOM IN VEGAS!!
The recurrent Laryngeal nerve is a branch of which CN?
X Vagus
What are the two nerves of concern during a Mastectomy?
Long Thoracic and Thoracodorsal
DUE to the set up of Lymph in the lungs, if you see a tumor in the Right neck, where did the tumor probably originate?
Lung cancer on the LEFT side
Which anatomical location can a lung tumor spread to?
The atropulmonary window
What is the procedure where a surgeon will poop his pants to take a biopsy of a lymph node?
Mediastinoscopy
What is dark fluid in the pleura?
Exudate
What is clear fluid in the pleura?
Tansudate (TRANSLUCID)
What is fluid in the pleura called?
Plural Effusion
How do you diagnose a pleural effusion in an x ray?
A meniscus like rounded edge in the bottom of the thorax
What is the patient doing in a lateral delubitus?
The Pt is lying down
What does the the pleura look like in mesothelioma(ASBESTOSIS)?
The pleura is thick in the Xray
What is a “giant heart”?
CardioMyoPathy
What is puss in the PLEURAL space called?
EM-PY-EE-MA
What is puss in the lungs?
A lung abscess
What is a thoracentesis? What consistency/color do you want to see in the fluid?
Sticking a needle in the thorax to pull fluid out. Clear fluid is good, not clear is bad!
What are the bubble like structures in an emphysema pt?
“BLEBS”
How do you treat a tension pneumothorax?
Puncture the lung with a needle (the lung will be PUSHING the trachea one way)
What substance do you use to stop a chronic pleural effusion/Pleuradesis?
Sterile Baby Talc
What is one way of fixing Empyema?
An ELO-ESSER Flap
How can a guy in a bar hold his head under water for 10 minutes?
With a BRONCHIO-PLEURAL FISTULA!!
What are the two DUCTS of the lymph systems in the thorax? (L & R)
Left is Thoracic Duct, Right is Lymphatic Duct
What is a normal amount of fluid in the pleura?
10cc’s
What is a chylothorax? What is the best initial treatment?
Lymph fluid in pleural space. Do nothing.
What is cut when the surgeon puts a “central line” in and there is a pleural effusion?
The Thoracic Duct
Intercostal Arteries are branches of what main artery?
The Thoracic Aorta
