Final Review Questions Flashcards
What is the Router boot order
- Operating system as IOS (Stored in Flash)
- startup-config which is stored in NVRAM
- Running-config stored in RAM
What is the Router Process order
- On power on cisco router first will perform the POST( Power on self test) (ROM)
- The bootstrap looks for and loads the Cisco IOS software (ROM)
- The IOS software looks for a valid configuration file stored in NVRAM. (startup-config.)
- If a startup-config file is in NVRAM This loads
What are the 7 layers of the IOS Model
Application Presentation Session Transport Network Data Link Physical
What are the 4 Layer of the TCP/IP Model
Application
Transport
Internet
Network Interface
What are the Application layer of the TCP/IP protocols
HTTP, Telnet, FTP, TFTP, SNMP, DNS, SMTP, RIP
What are the Transport layer of the TCP/IP protocols
TCP UDP, IGMP, ICMP
What are the Internet layer of the TCP/IP protocols
IP, ICMP, ARP, RARP
What are the Network Interface Layer TCP/IP protocols
Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, X.25, Frame Relay, RS-232, v.35
What are the order of Encapsulation
Data Segments Packets Frames Bits
What are the Neighbour Discovery Process
RA
RA : Routers Advertise, their presence together with various link and Internet parameters either periodically, or in response to a Router Solicitation message.
What are the Neighbour Discovery Process
RS
RS: Router Solicitation, Hosts inquire with Router Solicitation messages to locate routers on an attached link
What are the Neighbour Discovery Process
NS
NS: Neighbor Solicitation, are used by nodes to determine the Link Layer address of a neighbor, or to verify that a neighbor is still reachable via a cached Link Layer address.
What are the Neighbour Discovery Process
NA
NA: Neighbor Advertisement, are used by nodes to respond to a Neighbor Solicitation message
What is the formula for calculate the number of subnets
2^m >= # of subnets, where m is the number of bits borrowed
What is the formula for calculate the number of Hosts
(2^n - 2) >= # of hosts, where n is the number of bits remaining
What is RFC 1918
Private Network Addresses
What are the private network addresses RFC 1918
- 0.0.0 - 10.255.255.255
- 16.0.0 -172.31.255.255
- 168.0.0 - 192.168.255.255
What is Administrative Distance
Feature that routers use in order to select the best path when there are two or more different routes to the same destination from two different routing protocols
What is route source code for C
directly Connected network.
What is route source code for L
address assigned to a router’s interface.
What is route source code for S
Static route created to reach a specific network.
What is the source code for O
dynamically learned network from another router using the OSPF routing protocol.
What is the source code for D
dynamically learned network from another router using EIGRP.
What is the source code for R
Identifies the a Router
What is Metric Value on a router
value assigned to reach the remote network. Lower values indicate preferred routes.
What is anycast
Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6), anycast is communication between a single sender and the nearest of several receivers in a group.
What is a Limit Broadcast Address
Limited broadcast is the broadcast limited to a single LAN and which is to be received by all
255.255.255.255
FFFF.FFFF.FFFF
What is Direct Broadcast address
Directed Broadcast address is the local subnet broadcast address.
I.E 192.168.10.255
What is 802.3
It covers 1/2 half the Data Link Layer
What is 802.3
It cover part of the Data Link Layer and All over of the Physical Layer
What is the 1st column of the routing table
Network Destnation
What is the 2nd column of the routing table
Netmask
What is the 3rd column of the routing table
Gateway
What is the 4th column of the routing table
Interface
What is the 5th column of the routing table
Metric
3 functions of Presentations layer
- Formats, or presents, data from the source device into a compatible form for receipt by the destination device.
- Compression of the data in a way that can be decompressed by the destination device.
- Encryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination.
What is the session layer
create and maintain dialog between source and destination applications.
What does OUI stand for?
Organisational Unique Identifier (OUI)
What are the two (2) parts of the MAC address Structure
- Organisational Unique Identifier (OUI)
2. Vendors Assigned NIC interface
How many bits are in a MAC address Structure?
48 (24 for the OUI and 24 for the Vendor Assigned NIC)
How many hex digits are in a MAC address Structure?
12 (12 for the OUI and 12 for the Vendor Assigned NIC)
What is the Min and Max Ethernet frame
64 - 1518
what is the order and bytes of the Ethernet Frame
- Preamble, 7 bytes
- Starts of frame delimiter, 1 bytes
- Destination MAC Address, 6 bytes
- Source MAC Address, 6 bytes
- Length, 2 bytes
- Header and data 802.2, 46 to 1500 bytes
- Frame Check Sequence, 4 Bytes
What is the default route for IPv4
0.0.0.0
What is the default route for IPv6
::/0
What are the address from A to F
Class A 0.0.0.0 - 127.255.255.255 Class B 128.0.0.0 - 191.255.255.255 Class C 192.0.0.0 - 223..255.255.255 Class D 244.0.0.0 - 239.255.255.255 Class E 240.0.0.0 - 255.255.255.255
What is Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the capacity of a medium to carry data.
What IKs Through Put
Throughput is the measure of the transfer of bits across the media over a given period of time
What is EIGRP
Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol
What is EIGRP Do
EIGRP allows a router to share information it knows about the network with neighbouring routers within the same logical area known as an autonomous system.
What is a Static Route
Static routing is simply the process of manually entering routes into a device’s routing table
What is a Dynamic Route
Applications running on the routing device (the router) which dynamically learn network destinations and how to get to them and also advertise those destinations to other routers
What is RIP
Routing Information Protocol
What Does Rip Do?
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a widely-used protocol for managing router information within a self-contained network such as a corporate local area network (LAN)
