Final Review Flashcards
if there is an increase in volume, where does the reaction shift to?
It shifts towards whichever side has more molecules
If a reaction is endothermic, where does it shift?
It shifts towards the products
If a reaction is exothermic, which way does it shift?
Towards the reactants
What is the name of HBrO2?
Bromous acid
What is the name of HBrO3?
Bromic acid
What in an acid and base reaction is a proton donor or acceptor?
Acid is the donor, base is the acceptor
(conjugate base has one less H, conjugate acid has one more H)
What side of a reaction will heat be on if it is endothermic?
The reactants side
What is the mass of a Gamma?
it is 0
What is the mass of a neutron?
It is 1.008 amu
What is the mass of a proton?
1.007 amu
What is the mass of an electron?
0.00055 amu
What is the mass of Beta?
0.0005 amu
What is the mass of Alpha?
4.016
What is the formula for bicarbonate?
HCO3^-
What does the electronegativity difference have to be for an ionic bond?
Greater than 1.8
What does the electronegativity difference have to be for a polar covalent bond?
0.5-1.8
What does the electronegativity difference have to be for a nonpolar covalent bond?
less than 0.5
What are the elements that can form a hydrogen bond with H?
Nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine
What are ionic bonds made up of?
Metals and nonmetals
What are covalent bonds made up of?
Nonmetals and Nonmetals
What is the equation to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
F= 1.8 (temp C) + 32
What is the equation for converting Kelving to Celsius?
C= K-273
Does an acid or base have a slippery feel?
Base
Can acids or bases conduct electricity?
Both
Does a weak acid have a large Ka value or small?
Small
What is the value of Kw when the water is neutral?
1.0 x 10^-14
(this means both H and OH- are 1.0 x 10^-7)
If the OH^- is 7.88 x 10^-11, is the solution more acidic or basic?
It is more acidic, because OH is very small
If the H3O+ is 2.54 x 10^-8, is the solution more acidic or basic?
It is more basic, because H3O is smaller than 10^-7
What is the Kw equation?
Kw= [OH^-][H3O^+] or Ka x Kb
What is the formula to find pH?
pH= -log(H3O^+)
How do sig figs work when finding pH?
You use the amount of sig figs in the question to know how many decimal places there are in the answer.
ex. question has 3 sig figs, answer could be 6.708
How do you find the pH when given the OH value?
pOH= -log (OH^-)
14-pOH=pH
How do you find a H3O value when given the pH?
H3O^+=10^-pH
What are the products of an Acid and metal reactions?
a salt and H2 gas
What are the products of an acid and carbonate reaction?
Salt, CO2 gas, and H2O
What are the products of an acid and base reaction?
salt and H2O
What is the H3O^+ of a 0.190M solution of HI?
0.190M, because it is a strong acid and disassociates completely
What is the purpose of a buffer?
To try and maintain pH
What is the equation to calculate the pH of a buffer solution?
pH=-log(Ka)+log(A^-/HA)
What are some weak acids?
HF, HCLO, HNO2, HCN, HC2H3O2
What is the equation for Kc (equilibrium constant)?
Products divided by reactants
If K is greater than 1, does it favor the products or reactants?
products
What phases of matter are going to be included in an equilibrium expression?
Only gas and aqueous
