Final Review Chapter 2

Question 1

an organism that obtains carbon compounds from other organisms

Answer 1

heterotrophs

Question 2

an organism that forms its own food molecules from abiotic materials

Answer 2

autotrophs

Question 3

the process by which cells use light energy to make organic compounds from inorganic materials

Answer 3

photosynthesis

Question 4

the series of chemical reactions by which a living cell breaks down carbohydrates and obtains energy from them

Answer 4

cell respiration

Question 5

the plants at the bottom of the trophic structure

Answer 5

producers

Question 6

organisms that eat the lower trophic levels

Answer 6

consumers

Question 7

organisms that decompose the dead organisms

Answer 7

decomposers

Question 8

the overlapping food chains of an ecosystem

Answer 8

food web

Question 9

type of place where an organism lives

Answer 9

habitat

Question 10

a biological community and its abiotic environment

Answer 10

ecosystem

Question 11

the outer portion of Earth-air, water, soil- where life is found

Answer 11

biosphere

Question 12

a protein made by an organism and used as a catalyst

Answer 12

enzymes

Question 13

a chemical that promotes a reaction

Answer 13

catalyst

Question 14

Substrates bind to the active site of the enzyme through hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions, temporary covalent interactions (van der Waals) or a combination of all of these to form the enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 14

active site-substrate-complex

Question 15

the loss of electrons from a substance in a chemical reaction

Answer 15

Oxidation

Question 16

Adenosine triphosphate stores energy to fuel metabolic reactions

Answer 16

ATP

Question 17

referring to a physical or non-living component of an ecosystem

Answer 17

abiotic