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1) Biochemistry I > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of hexokinase?

A

G-3-P (competitive) and ATP

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2
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of PFK-1?

A

ATP and citrate

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3
Q

What are the allosteric activators of PFK-1?

A

ADP, AMP, F-2,6-P

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4
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase?

A

NAD+ (regulated by)

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5
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of pyruvate kinase?

A

Acetyl CoA and ATP

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6
Q

What are the allosteric activators of pyruvate kinase?

A

F-1,6-biphosphate + AMP

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7
Q

What type of enzyme is an aldolase?

A

Lyase

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8
Q

What type of enzymes is a kinase?

A

Transferase

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9
Q

What type of enzyme is a dehydrogenase?

A

Oxidoreductase

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10
Q

What type of enzyme is a mutase?

A

Isomerase

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11
Q

What type of enzyme is enolase?

A

Lyase

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12
Q

What are the three allosteric regulators of the TCA cycle?

A
  • Citrate synthase
  • Isocitrate dehydrogenase
  • a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase
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13
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of citrate synthase?

A

Succinyl-CoA, citrate, ATP, NADH

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14
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of isocitrate dehydrogenase?

A

ATP and NADH

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15
Q

What are the allosteric activators of isocitrate dehydrogenase?

A

ADP and NAD+

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16
Q

What are the allosteric inhibitors of a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase? What is the allosteric activator?

A

Inhibitors: NADH and succinyl COA
Activators: AMP

17
Q

How many ATP molecules does one glucose molecule produce from the TCA cycle? How many CO2 molecules/glucose?

A
  • 25 ATP/glucose

- 6CO2/glucose

18
Q

What type of enzyme is citrate synthase?

A

Transferase

19
Q

What type of enzyme is cis-Aconitase?

A

Lyase

20
Q

What type of enzyme is succinyl-CoA synthetase?

A

Ligase

21
Q

What type of enzyme is fumarase?

A

Lyase

22
Q

How many carbon molecules do glucose, pyruvate, acetyl CoA, citric acid, and oxaloacetate have?

A 
Glucose: 6
Pyruvate: 3
Acetyl CoA: 2
Citric acid: 6
Oxaloacetate: 4
23
Q

Which step in glycolysis has a positive deltaG’o but a negative delta G?

A

Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate dehydrogenase

24
Q

What is fermentation?

A

The generation of NAD+ from NADH and H+

25
Q

Where is the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex located?

A

Matrix of the mitochondria

26
Q

Where are the components for the TCA cycle contained?

A

Matrix of the mitochondria

27
Q

Where are the components of the ETC contained?

A

Inner membrane

28
Q

Which portion of the ATPase synthase structure rotates? Which undergoes conformational change?

A

Rotates: F0 (c-ring)
Change: F1

29
Q

Is the electron transport chain made up of:
A) electron carriers with decreasing electron affinity.
B) electron carriers with increasing redox potential
C) electron carriers with decreasing oxidizing power.

A

B) electron carriers with increasing redox potential (increasing potential to acquire electrons)

30
Q

What would an uncoupler of oxidative phosphorylation lead to?

A

Operation of the electron transport chain without ATP production.

31
Q

Does the active site of an enzyme bind to the substrate of the reaction it catalyses more or less tightly than it does the transition state intermediate?

A

Less tightly

32
Q

What happens to km when the concentration of enzyme increases?

A

Nothing

33
Q

What movements are allowed in membrane proteins? What movements aren’t allowed?

A

Allowed: move laterally and rapidly within the plane of the bilayer.
Not allowed: Transverse movement of the lipids that make up the bilayer (colloquially known as flip-flop)

34
Q

What is the cell membrane permeable to? Impermeable?

A

impermeable to most molecules other than small hydrophobic ones

  • Impermeable to inorganic ions
  • Small polar molecules require transporters
35
Q

Does cholesterol act as a fluidity buffer in bacteria?

A

No, not contained in bacteria

Only acts as a fluidity buffer in mammals

36
Q

The polar head group of cholesterol is what?

A

The hydroxyl group

37
Q

Is a glycosidic bond covalent?

A

Yes

38
Q

In ribonucleic acid polymer , the ribose rings in the polymer are linked to one another by:

A
  • Phosphodiester linkage

- Sensitive linkage

39
Q

What is a characteristic of the phosphodiester linkage?

A

Sensitive linkage

1) Biochemistry I (12 decks)

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