Final Review Flashcards
The four most common elements in the human body, in order of descending quantity, are hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen.
False
Positive feedback systems ______.
Involve blood clotting and the birthing of a baby, and operate in such a way that the initial stimulus is enhanced and increases
Which orientation and directional term means toward the midline of the body?
Medial
Identify the cavity that houses the heart and lungs (and other organs).
Label C
The abdominopelvic and thoracic cavities are subdivisions of the ______ cavity.
Ventral
_______ refers to all of the chemical reactions in the body.
Metabolism
Anaphase is the stage of cell division when the cleavage furrow first appears.
True
The layer of serous membrane that covers an organ is known as the ______ layer.
Visceral
The type of epithelial tissue found lining organs of the digestive system such as small intestines is ______.
Simple Columnar
The lower the pH, the greater the number of hydrogen ions released by a chemical into the solution.
True
Glycogen and starch are examples of a specific category of carbohydrates ______.
Polysaccharides
______, a type of cell junction, anchors adjacent cells together and prevents cells from being pulled apart.
Desmosomes
A molecule of methane, CH4, is known specifically as an ______.
Compound
The pleura and pericardium are examples of ______ membranes that cover organs in body cavity close to the exterior.
Serous
Compact bone
C
Ossification of the ends of long bones ______.
Is produced by secondary ossification centers
Prevention of osteoporosis includes adequate intake of ______.
Calcium and vitamin D
Which tissue in the wall of the uterus is required for labor contractions
Smooth muscles
- The lining of the marrow cavity
- The Cells that dissolve the bony matrix
- Small channels that radiate through the matrix of the bone
- Layers of bone matrix
- Endosteum
- Osteoclasts
- Canaliculi
- Lamellae
A dendritic or Langerhans cell is specialized ______.
Phagocytic cell
The reason that intervertebral discs exhibit a large amount of tensile strength, which allows them to absorb shock, is because they possess ______.
Collagen fibers
The area where yellow marrow is found.
D
What type of exocrine has small portions of its epithelial cell as its secretion?
Apocrine
The membranous layer that covers the surface of an organ in a body cavity is called the visceral layer of the membrane. The layer that lines the wall of the body cavity is called the parietal layer.
True
The inability to absorb digested nutrients and secrete mucus might indicate a disorder in which epithelial tissue?
Simple columnar
Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?
Squamous cell carcinoma
Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized into two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?
Eccrine and apocrine
The fiber type that gives connective tissue great tensile strength is ______.
Collagen
Elastic cartilage tissue is found in the walls of the large arteries that leave the heart.
True
A ciliated version of pseudostratified columnar containing mucus-secreting goblet cells ______.
Lines most of the respiratory tract
The cell responsible for secreting the matrix of bone is the ______.
Osteoblast
Which of the following epithelial forms the walls of the air sacs across which gas exchange occurs in the lungs?
Simple Squamous
The primary blast cell for connective tissue proper is the ______.
Fibroblast
Which of the flowing cells and their functions are correctly matched?
Dendritic (Langerhan) cells
For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?
Ossification centers
- The ______ are found deep in the diaphysis flong bones and are filled with yellow marrow in the adult.
- SUpple the compact bone. ______ contain the arterial venous and nervous supply for the compact bone.
- Occupied by osteocytes, which are osteoblasts encased in matrix, ______ are found between layers of concentric circles.
- Osteocytes maintain contact with neighboring osteocytes via cellular processes contained within ______.
- Medullary cavities
- Central Canal
- Lacunae
- Canaliculi
Bones are covered and lined by a protective tissue called periosteum. The inner (osteogenic)layer consists primarily of _____.
Osteogenic cells
The interior surface of the neuron’s plasma membrane at resting membrane potential will have a ______.
Negative charge and contains less sodium than outside of the cell
When the terms biceps, triceps, and quadriceps form part of a muscle name, what does it tell you about the muscle?
The muscle has two, three, or four origins, respectively
- The interior of the cell becomes less negative due to an influx of sodium ions.
- Also called a nerve impulse transmitted by the axon. The specific period during which potassium ions
- Diffuse out of the neuron due to a change in membrane permeability
- The interior of the cell becomes more negative due to an efflux of potassium ions
- Depolarization
- Action potential
- Repolarization
- Hyperpolarization
Myoglobin
Stores oxygen in muscle cells
Which ion channels open in response to a change in membrane potential and participate in the general…
Voltage-gated channels
- Ball and socket
- Plane
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Saddle
- Joint 1
- Joint 4
- Joint 3
- Joint 2
- Joint 5
Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ______.
Bursae
Immediately after an action potential has peaked which of the following channels will open?
Voltage-gated potassium channels
Which class of joint consists of bone ends held together by collagenous tissues?
Fibrous
What is the role of tropomyosin in skeletal muscles?
Tropomyosin serves a s a contraction inhibitor by blocking the myosin binding sites on the actin molecules
The receptor for static equilibrium is the
Macula
Without a functioning crista ampullaris, the semicircular canals would not function.
True
Tactile sensation is a combination of touch, pressure, stretch, and vibration. Which of the following is most likely the receptor type that senses tactile stimulation?
Mechanoreceptors
Information from balance receptors goes directly to the ______.
Brain stem reflex centers