Final review Flashcards
food form of iron
ferric iron
iron reduced in the stomach to
ferrous iron
what minerals needed for CHO metab
chromium, zinc
CCK
cholecystokinin
contraction of the gallbladder
glucose-6-phosphatase needed for
conversion of liver glycogen into glucose
glucocorticoids
adrenal hormones
convert protein into glucose
hormone that greatly influences BMR
thyroxine
hormone that regulates breast milk production
hormone that moves milk through breast ducts
prolactin
oxytocin
low birth weight infant
<2500 g
what minerals should be assessed in someone with steatorrhea and IBS
calcium, magnesium, zinc
cause of diarrhea without malabsorption in children
sorbitol
pH
CO2 level
HCO3 level
7.35-7.45
35-45
24-28
AST
ALT
0-35
4-36
MCV
MCH
Hgb
80-95
27-32
12-16 F, 14-18 M
Alb
3.5-5
BUN
Cr
10-20
0.6-1.4
HbA1c
Blood glucose
2hr Post-prandial
5-6.5%
70-100
<140
TG
LDL
Total Chol
HDL
<150
<100
<200
>60 GREAT, >40 M, >50 F
vitamin A
yellow/orange fruits, dark leafy greens, fish, liver
deficiency: Bitot’s spots, Nyctalopia, Xeropthlamia (irreversible), night blindness
vitamin D
sunlight, egg yolk, fortified milk
7 dehydrocholesterol-> D3 cholecalciferol-> ergocalciferol
deficiency: rickets, osteomalacia
vitamin E
veg oils, whole grains, green veg, almonds
deficiency: hemolytic anemia (tiredness, dizziness, weakness)
vitamin K
leafy greens
deficiency: hemorrhage
affected by: mineral oil, anticoagulants, antibiotics
thiamine
vitamin B1
grains, wheat germ, liver, pork
deficiency: beriberi, muscle weakness, foot drop, memory loss, INCREASED PLASMA PYRUVATE
riboflavin
vitamin B2
milk, meat, kidney, liver
deficiency: cheilosis (cracked lips), stomatitis (mouth cracks, sore throat), magenta tongue, growth failure
niacin
protein, peanuts, ready to eat cereals, chicken, rice, yeast, milk
pellagra, dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, beefy bright red tongue, rash
copper
liver, kidney, shellfish
microcytic anemia, neutropenia
wilson’s disease (Cu accumulation)
zinc
meat, liver, eggs, fish
phytates and copper decrease absorption
deficiency: reduced immune function, alopecia, poor wound healing, hypogeusia
biotin
coenzyme in FA synthesis
liver, kidney, egg yolk, yeast
deficiency: muscle pain, dermatitis, glossitis (inflammation of the tongue)
pyridoxine
vitamin B6
needed for AA metab (increased need when increase pro intake)
meat, wheat, corn, yeast, pork, liver, ready to eat cereals
deficiency: seizures, anemia, dermatitis, glossitis, peripheral neuropathy
folate
prevents neural tube defects
DNA synthesis, RBC in bone marrow
fortified dry cereal, liver, kidney, leafy veg, citrus, lentils, beans
deficiency: macro, megalo anemia, diarrhea, fatigue
calcium RDA
700 mg 1-3 yo
1,000 mg 4-14 yo
1,300 mg 14-18 yo, pregnancy, lactation
1,000 mg 19-50 yo
1,000 mg 51-70 M; 1,200 mg 51-70 yo F
1,200 mg >70+ yo
Addison’s disease
adrenal glands don’t make enough hormones
decreased cortisol, decreased aldosterone, decreased androgens => dehydration, hypoglycemia, wt/tissue loss
diet= high-protein, high-salt diet with frequent meals
high temp dishwasher
aka heat sanitation
Wash: 150-165°F
Final rinse: 180°F or 165°F for a stationary rack, single-temperature machine
low temp dishwasher
aka chemical sanitation
Wash: 120°F
Final rinse: 50 ppm hypochlorite on dish surfaces in the final rinse
manual wash
- wash with hot water + detergent
- rinse with warm water
- sanitize
Hot water: >171F for 30 sec
Chlorine: 50-100 ppm >10 sec
Iodine: 12.5 ppm >30 sec
QAC space (Quaternary): 150-200 ppm concentration for designated time
Campinha-Bacote model of cultural competence
skill: collecting cultural data
knowledge: assessing the client’s beliefs
encounter: interacting face-to-face
awareness: assessing yourself
desire: continued learning/engagement
lithium carbonate
bi-polar disorder medication
moderate sodium (not low or high)
stored form of iron
ferritin
vitamin C deficiency
Petechiae
NSSP
national shellfish sanitation program
FSMA
food safety modernization act
shifting the focus of federal regulations from responding to contamination to preventing it
Sertraline
anti-anxiety (Zoloft)
avoid grapefruit juice: increases concentration of the medication-> toxicity
FDPIR
Food Distribution Program on Indian Reservations
Pale eyes and mucous membranes
vitamin B-12, folate, and/or iron deficiency
Paralysis of the muscles within or surrounding the eye (ophthalmoplegia)
thiamine or phosphorus deficiency
Redness of the eyelid corners, red/inflamed conjunctiva and swollen eyelids
riboflavin/pyridoxine deficiency
EBNPG
evidence-based nutrition practice guidelines
if dishes are greasy what should you do
if dishes have water spots what should you do
check wash temperature
add drying agent to rinse cycle
foodborne illness with the quickest onset time
staphylococcus aureus
cuts on finger
foodborne illness with slow onset and anaerobic
c. botulinum
supplements post ileal resection
calcium, magnesium, zinc, fat soluble vitamins
supplements recommended in cirrhosis
b complex, calcium, zinc, magnesium
supplements post gastrectomy (Roux-en-y or billroth II)
calcium, iron
hemodialysis supplements required
pyridoxine, folic acid, 1-25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
orlistat
may need multivitamin supp
