Final Review Flashcards
Unit: Early Humans
What is a civilization?
A civilization is a group of people that have an organized society and the same culture
Unit: Early Humans
What is an archaeologist?
An archaeologist studies human history
Unit: Early Humans
What do archaeologists analyze?
artifacts (objects made by humans) that are found at historical sites
Unit: Early Humans
Define a primary source?
A primary source is a first
hand document that was either witnessed or experienced at an event.
Unit: Early Humans
Give some examples of a primary source
Diaries
- Interviews
- Works of art / literature
- Photographs
- Artifacts including plates, weapons, clothing, and anything used during that time
Unit: Mesopotamia
What does Mesopotamia mean?
The land between two rivers
Unit: Mesopotamia
Were Mesopotamians monotheistic or polytheistic?
Polytheistic
Unit: Mesopotamia
What does the Polytheistic
mean?
Polytheistic meaning that they believe in several Gods
Unit: Mesopotamia
Name one advancement (or system) the Sumerians created to make it easier for transferring water from rivers to crops.
Irrigation system
Unit: Mesopotamia
What is Hammurabi’s code? Why is it so important?
Code of laws that were
carved into stone and strongly enforced. Eye for an eye, tooth for a tooth.
Unit: Egypt
The Egyptians depended on the Nile River for…
- Irrigation
- Drinking water
- Silt (flooding)
- Transportation
- Fish
Unit: Egypt
Why was the flooding of the Nile River so important?
Silt was left behind which was used for farming (created fertile soil)
Unit: Egypt
List the social class pyramid in order
- Pharaoh
- Nobles
- Craftsmen
- Farmers
- Slaves
Unit: Egypt
Why was the Rosetta Stone such an important discovery?
The Rosetta
Stone helped us decode hieroglyphics
Unit: Egypt
What is mummification? Why was it so important?
Mummification is the
special process used by Ancient Egyptians to prepare the dead body / soul for afterlife. So the Ba/Ka could recognize each other and go back and forth.
Unit: Egypt
What are pyramids and why was it built?
Pyramids are structures that were
built as burial tombs for pharaohs
Unit: China
Describe Inner and Outer China. Which was the best place to settle and why? Based on your choice, describe some important landforms that support your decision.
Inner China: River valleys, plains, hills Outer China: Massive highlands, deserts, extreme climate and physical
features Inner China is the best place to settle because it is located on low flat lands like plains and is close to water
Unit: China
Were the Shang Dynasty Armies powerful? Why or why not.
Yes because they used bronze weapons
Unit: China
Describe oracle bones and what they were used for.
Oracle bones were
shoulder bones from animals or turtle shells. They were used to
communicate with ancestors on important decisions.
Unit: China
Describe the three philosophies
- Confucianism: Worship ancestors and live a peaceful life with
meaningful relationships - Daoism: Live in harmony with nature
- Legalism: Society should have harsh laws because people are selfish
Unit: China
What is the Great Wall of China and why was it built?
A wall that was made
to protect China from northern invaders
Unit: China
List some ancient Chinese inventions and what they were used for.
- Silk: used for clothing
- Seismograph: detects ground movement during earthquakes
- Paper: recording documents / writing
- Kites: Communication in the military
Unit: China
How was silk made and why was it important?
Silk was made from silkworms and it was important because it was in high
demand for trading and only the Chinese knew how to make it (they kept it
a secret)
Unit: Greece
Describe the geography of Greece. How did it influence the Greeks?
Greece was very mountainous so they lived in isolated city-states
Unit: Greece
Did the Ancient Greeks have enough farmland? What did they do to accommodate this?
They did not have enough farmland because it was
too mountainous so they had to colonize in distant lands
Unit: Greece
If there is one ruler that inherits power and is passed down, what kind of government is this?
Monarchy
Unit: Greece
Describe the Athens government.
Democracy. Elected people as
representatives
Unit: Greece
Describe the Persian War. What was the outcome?
Greece won despite
having fewer people and resources.
Unit: Greece
Compare Athens and Sparta.
Both lived in isolation because of mountains. Sparta was more militaristic
where Athens focused more on education. Women had no rights.
Unit: Rome
What can you see in Rome today that you might have seen during Ancient Rome?
Columns
Unit: Rome
How did Rome get its name?
From a legend called Romulus and Remus who were raised by wolves
Unit: Rome
Describe the Roman Republic.
Male citizens can vote on important issues.
Unit: Rome
What is a patrician?
A patrician is a wealthy group of
people who usually owned land.
Unit: Rome
What is a plebeian?
plebeians were working class citizens.
Unit: Rome
Who was Julius Caesar? Why was he assassinated?
Julius Caesar declared
himself as ruler of Rome which frightened the Senate so they assassinated him. He was a dictator.
Unit: Middle Ages
What is feudalism? Why was it enforced in Europe?
Feudalism is established to create law and order among the social classes.
Unit: Middle Ages
What is the plague?
The plague was a pandemic that killed many people during the middle ages.
Unit: Middle Ages
How did the plague affect survivors and jobs?
The plague killed so many people that there weren’t enough workers for certain jobs so survivors demanded for better pay and more rights.
Unit: Middle Ages
What are castles and why were they built?
Castles were built for protection
Unit: Middle Ages
What is jousting?
Jousting was used to prepare young men for knighthood
