Final Review Flashcards
what does the client with a life-threatening illness worry or fear about?
symptoms of illness and pain they need to endure
what will happen to their spouse, partner, and familay
reasons a person will use alcohol
- to produce a feeling of well-being
- to depress the CNS
- to avoid problems or bolster confidence
- increase in ability to tolerate
- deny problems
defense mechanisms
Compensation - overemphasizing a characteristic to compensate for real or imagined deficiency
Denial - Refusal to acknowledge painful realities, feelings, or experiences. Offers temporary escape
Displacement - taking emotions out on people who are not responsible for those emotions
Projection - attributing one’s own thoughts or impulses to another individual as if they had originated in the other person
Rationalization - justifying behavior by offering an explanation other than a truthful response.
regression - attempt to go back to an earlier stage of development to escape fear, anxiety, or conflict
repression - unconscious blocking from awareness material that is threatening or painful
supression - is the conscious or unconscious attempt to keep threatening material out of consciousness. Deliberately refusing to acknowledge something that causes mental pain or suffering.
sublimation - redirecting a socially unacceptable impulse into socially acceptable behavior
undoing - canceling out a behavior or trying to make amends.
anticipatory grief
grieving process prior to actual loss
hospice
focus is comfort care and management of pain and symptoms
the goal is dying at peace and with dignity
what role does age have with dealing with grief?
infants: only know when someone is not there to care for them
toddlers: confused, cannot distinguish animate from inanimate
children (3-5 years): death is reversible
children (6-10 years): curious about death
adolescents: fascination and fear about death
adults: sense that loss poses a threat to pattern of living
older adults: grieve aging process, grieve for friends who have died, and fear loss of independence
bipolar disorder
major depression; manic-depressive
extreme heights of mania and severe lows (hypomania)
palliative care
relieves or alleviates symptoms without curing
how does the client that has a serious diagnosis feel?
anger
a fear of symptoms and pain, but not death
type of medications usually prescribed for a client that is terminal?
analgesics = pain
sedatives = sleep
meds for disease
antidepressants
tranquilizers
O2
clients with life-threatening illness will miss what most?
privacy/independence
what circumstances make it easier to work through grief?
acceptance (?)
when a person is told they have a life-threatening illness, do they still have hope or is it the end?
usually the end AND hope should be maintained
phases of life-altering illness + terms used
chronic illness where death is inevitable = life-threatening
life-altering v life-threatening = fine line. distinction is perception of the illness.
phases of violence
1: tension building
2: abuse occurs
3: calm returns / honeymoon
four types of abuse and defense mechanisms used
intimate partner violence, child abuse, abuse of older adults, rape
- rationalization
- displacement
addiction
physiological or psychological dependence on a substance that is beyond voluntary control
Dread
who should make decisions for the dying client?
the client - whatever is in their advance directive, living will, etc.
Dr. George L. Engel’s stages of grief
1: experiencing disbelief or shock over the loss
2: realizing loss occurred
3: acknowledging loss in realistic manner
be able to express how a child that has been abused feels
sense of self is low
marijuana
AKA cannabis
- reduces nausea and vomiting
- chemo
- effective for seizures
Schedule I: little or no benefit, high potential for abuse
Dr. Elisabeth Kübler-Ross’ stages of grief
1: denial
2: anger
3: bargaining
4: depression
5: acceptance
dependency and codependency
excessive use of drug –> disapproval –> self recrimination –> guilt –> rationalization –> denial –> back to excessive use of drug
is a health care provider able to help move a person from the various stages of grief?
no
is self-care important for those that care for clients with life-threatening illnesses?
yes
is it acceptable for a health care provider to show their emotions to clients?
no
bullying
unwanted aggressive behavior that invokes a real or perceived power imbalance
what is the client’s view about death when they have a life-threatening illness?
anger, fear of symptoms, worry of what happens to the things they will leave behind
substance abuse / dependence
abuse: substance use for 12-months that leads to significant impairment of one or more of the following –> recurrent use,. continued use, legal problems, psychological problems
dependence: significant impairment of two or more of the following –> tolerance, withdrawal, larger amounts, persistent desire, time increased in obtaining them, diminished activities, continued use in spite of problems
be able to recognize what displaced anger looks like
looks like client clamming the door who is angry at the provider for not explaining the procedure completely - provider is the one being slammed
paranoia
psychosis of fear that is related to a feeling of being victimized
can cause irrational or compulsive behavior
how many states mandate reporting of IPV?
6 states mandate reporting and a majority of states have enacted laws
what type of loss causes the most grief?
unresolved
when is it necessary to set limits with clients?
type of opioids
- control pain
- hydrocodone, oxycodone, morphine, codeine
dysthmia
persistent depressive disorder
a LESS severe form of minor depression
what behaviors do patients with Alzheimer’s show?
memory loss, confusion
assisted death law
someone provides the means for a person to end their life
Patient Self-Determination Act and who is mandated to inform clients of this
physicians and health care providers
establish written policies and procedures on advance directives, allowing individuals the right to identify clear choices of their death
what happens with unresolved grief?
can cause unexpected somatic responses, some stress-related medical disease, altered relationships. inability to cope is disruptive to physiological and psychological functioning
medical detoxification and next steps
rid body of substance
administration of meds, treatment with monitoring, counseling, and support
resentment
chronic form of anger that is long lasting
what is an advanced directive?
written policies and procedures allowing individuals the right to identify clear choices in their death
steps you should take when you feel hostility towards clients
examine feelings and discuss response with someone who can help you sort through your reaction
continuous giving to others can drain you and you must be relatively free of anxiety to be therapeutic
what are the different types of rape?
angry
power (most common)
sadistic
depression, the various types, and treatments
- Major and Minor Depression
- Persistent Depressive Disorder
- Reactive Depression
- Bipolar Disorder (BPD)
- Major Depressive Disorder/Seasonal Pattern Disorder
- Major Depression Disorder with Peripartum Onset
- Psychotic Depression
psychotherapy, talk therapy, antidepressant meds, light therapy/phototherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy. interpersonal psychotherapy
terror
occurs when individual is overwhelmed with feeling of impending danger
may cause illogical reaction and form of a panic attack
therapeutic responses
- anger
- avoidance
- disgust
- objectivity
anger: calm, don’t get angry back, deescalate, allow clients to express,
avoidance: balancing a neutral curiosity with ongoing optimism
disgust: acceptance, seeking clarification, reflecting, voicing doubt
objectivity: giving options, summarizing,
suicide
the taking of ones life
4 stages
1: anger/hostility
2: panic
3: helplessness is communicated
4: preparation and carrying out act
how to handle clients that continually drop treatment programs?
with the 5 C’s…
I did not Cause the disease
I cannot Cure the disease
I cannot Control the disease or substance dependent client
And if I try to, I Contribute to the problem and I go Crazy
become educated
be alert
do not be discouraged
do not believe you can “fix it”
