Final Review

Question 1

From which culture was Nightshade used traditionally?

Answer 1

Europe.

Question 2

What parts of Nightshade were used?

Answer 2

Leaves, roots, berries and their juice.

Question 3

Any known medicines from Nightshade?

Answer 3

Traditionally used to treat asthma.
Also used for Parkinson’s, Colic, Motion Sickness, and Pain.
No listed supported claims.

Question 4

Name three species from Europe.

Answer 4

Belladonna, Fennel, Marigold.

Question 5

What is the Red List?

Answer 5

List of Species at high risk for global extinction.

Question 6

How many plant species are on the Red List?

Answer 6

56,245 species.

Question 7

What are the Red List Categories?

Answer 7

Critically Endangered, Endangered, Vulnerable, Conservation Dependent, Near Threatened, Data Deficient, Lower Risk, Extinct, and Extinct in the Wild Categories.

Question 8

How many plants in India are on the Red List?

Answer 8

335

Question 9

How many Indian species from the Red List were recorded in high trade?

Answer 9

197; 84 in high volume trade

Question 10

What is Traditional Chinese Medicine?

Answer 10

Is rooted in Taoism and dates back more than 5,000 years.

Question 11

What is Meridian Theory?

Answer 11

Invisible pathways through which Qi flows that forms an energy network that connects all parts of your body, and the body to the universe.

Question 12

What is Qi?

Answer 12

Loosely translated as vital energy; the force that animates and informs all things.

Question 13

What is the Ying/Yang Theory?

Answer 13

The principle of interconnectedness and interdependence; it is not oppositional.

Question 14

What is the Five Element Theory?

Answer 14

A way of naming and systematizing patterns of related phenomena into five major groups; Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water.

Question 15

What role did the colonial upheaval play in loss of traditional medicinal knowledge in Africa?

Answer 15

Colonists believed the practice was witchcraft, so they drove these practices underground in what’s known as “secret societies”. They drove these practitioners into correction camps where they could.

Question 16

Is western medicine available to most Africans?

Answer 16

No, traditional medicine is more prominent (about 70-80%)

Question 17

What is the necessity of traditional medicine in Africa?

Answer 17

There is no access to western medicine, so traditional is more prevalent. There are still spiritual healers, herbalists, and mixtures of both today.

Question 18

Who were the diviners, midwives, and herbalists? What roles did they play in medicine?

Answer 18

Diviner works with the herbalist to prepare and administer treatments. The Diviner also mediates between the patient and supernatural forces what’s the cause of these symptoms. If it involves pregnancy, midwives are involved in treatment.

Question 19

What are typical African medicinal treatments?

Answer 19

Plants, alcohol, and animals parts are normally used. Can also involve fasting, herbal therapies, bathing, massage, and surgery.

Question 20

Three plant species from the African culture.

Answer 20

Coffee, Hibiscus, and the Indian Date.

Question 21

What are some of the species used for medicine in various cultures?

Answer 21

Coffee is a traditional remedy for asthma, fever, flu, headache, sores, etc.