Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy and Physiology II > Final Review > Flashcards

Final Review Flashcards

1
Q

Clients who have undergone surgery or have been on prolonged bed rest are at increased risk for what condition

A

pulmonary embolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What carries the oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart?

A

Pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The process of filtration in the glomerulus is driven by what?

A

A blood hydrostatic pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the outer layer of the eye?

A

A sclera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which of the following white blood cells targets worms and fungi?

A

eosinophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cells produced by dividing B or T cells may enter a resting phase. How these cells are called?

A

memory cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do High-density lipoproteins do?

A

A carry cholesterol to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What breaks down protein into amino acids?

A

A trypsin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

To develop fever what substance should stimulate the brain to release prostaglandins?

A

cytokines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What enzyme produced by the kidneys helps to regulate blood pressure?

A

Renin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Whiat is NOT involved in a feedback loop in the male reproductive system?

A

adrenal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What hormone influences sodium reabsorption in the kidney?

A

aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common location. Select the exception.

A

cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Cortisone and cortisol is an example of what group?

A

Glucocorticoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is NOT transported in plasma?

A

Bile

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What hormone produced by the kidney is responsible for stimulation of the production of red
blood cells?

A

Erythropoietin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which chemical released by white blood cells causes capillaries to leak?

A

Histamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Three of the four answers listed below produce portions of the seminal fluid. Select the exception.

A

Epididymis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following serves to end the menstrual cycle?

A

the secretion of prostaglandins by the corpus luteum that lead to its self-destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What triggers ovulation?

A

high levels of LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The surface of which of the following is covered with fingerlike projections that produce a sweeping action

A

Oviduct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a blood disease in which there is a decrease in the number of platelets?

A

Thrombocytopenia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

A person who has type A (A negative) blood can receive a transfusion from which of the following?

A

type O

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Unbroken skin and mucus are examples of what type of immunity?

A

natural immunity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Which of the following has the highest blood pressure?

A

Aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What is a hereditary disease in which blood clots slowly or abnormally?

A

Hemophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The upper end of each ureter flares into a funnel shaped structure known as the what?

A

renal pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What causes filtrate to flow from the blood into the glomerulus?

A

increase in blood pressure in the capillaries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Digestion of tissues in the stomach wall by gastric juice is usually prevented by what?

A

secretion of protein digesting enzymes in inactive form and a covering of mucus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What is an early sign of plaque formation in coronary arteries?

A

angina pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

How is severe chest pain that occurs when the heart does not receive enough oxygen called?

A

angina pectoris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

The bicuspid (mitral) valve is located between what structures?

A

left atrium and left ventricle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

In what structure is sperm stored?

A

epididymis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What are the characteristics of function of Low density lipoproteins?

A

carry cholesterol and other fats to body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What structure prevents blood from flowing back into the ventricle?

A

none of the above or semilunar valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What is the artery that runs along the upper arm and elbow area where a pulse point can be found?

A

Brachial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

This gland regulates metabolic function and secretes T3 and T4.

A

Thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What structure does send out an electrical impulse that regulates the heartbeat?

A

SA node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What structure does collect sound waves and direct them to the auditory canal?

A

pinna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Which of the following hormones controls the rate of metabolism, heat production, and oxidation of cells?

A

thyroxin

41
Q

What are the warning signs of a heart attack?

A

all of these

42
Q

If a physician hears two “lub” sounds instead of one, then which of the following conditions is true?

A

The atrioventricular valves are not closing at the same time

43
Q

What condition can be caused by too little albumin in the blood?

A

edema

44
Q

The semilunar valves are located between what structures?

A

both ventricles and the arteries that lead away from them

45
Q

Which of the following glands is both an endocrine gland and a lymphatic organ?

A

thymus

46
Q

All these increases the glomerular filtration rate except what?

A

increased secretion of atrial nartiuretic peptide

47
Q

What is the most dangerous arrhythmia?

A

ventricular fibrillation

48
Q

Which system involves plasma proteins activated when they contact a bacterial cell?

A

complement

49
Q

Which chemical released by white blood cells causes arterioles to dilate?

A

histamine

50
Q

How are the types of immunity a person is born with called?

A

natural and passive acquired

51
Q

Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur in someone who is immobile?

A

Thrombosis

52
Q

Which vein collects blood from the head, arms and chest?

A

superior vena cava

53
Q

What do large lymph vessels have in common with veins?

A

they have valves

54
Q

If a client has a condition called orthopnea, what does this mean?

A

has difficulty breathing when he is lying down

55
Q

The menstrual flow is the result of what process?

A

no implantation of a zygote, discarded uterine linings, and decreased levels of progesterone.

56
Q

What hormone does regulate secretion of the pancreatic alkaline juices?

A

Secretin

57
Q

This hormone stimulates uterine contractions during labor

A

Oxytocin

58
Q

How to call the amount of blood each ventricle pumps in a minute?

A

cardiac output

59
Q

From what structure does the pulmonary artery carry blood away?

A

right ventricle

60
Q

What is the major site of antibody production as well as disposal of old red blood cells?

A

spleen

61
Q

Which of the following is associated with specific immune responses?

A

B cells

62
Q

The core of the immune system is made up of what cells?

A

white blood cells

63
Q

What type of hearing loss results when the ear is blocked by ear wax?

A

conductive hearing loss

64
Q

Where does the lymph vascular system begin?

A

the capillaries

65
Q

What is an example of a cellular response to tissue injury?

A

neutrophil diapedesis

66
Q

Cells produced by dividing B or T cells may immediately begin to destroy an invader. How are those cells called?

A

effector cells

67
Q

The digestion of which class of foods begins in the mouth?

A

carbohydrates

68
Q

Blood from the systemic circuit is first received by the heart in what structure?

A

right atrium

69
Q

Where does the right ventricle pump blood to?

A

the lungs

70
Q

FSH and LH are secreted by what?

A

anterior pituitary

71
Q

What occurs during systole?

A

The heart muscle tissues contract

72
Q

Which of the following is considered a second line of defense?

A

inflammation

73
Q

Name the hormone that controls the concentration of urine.

A

antidiuretic hormone.

74
Q

What is the purpose of bile in the digestive process?

A

break down fats

75
Q

Four of the five answers listed below are true of testosterone. Select the exception.

A

produced by spermatogonia cells

76
Q

How is a procedure using high-energy sound waves to blast kidney stones into fragments called?

A

lithotripsy

77
Q

The longer this structure is, the greater the capacity to conserve water and concentrate solutes for excretion in the urine. What is it?

A

juxtamedullary nephron?

78
Q

Name the artery that carries blood from the left ventricle to the body.

A

Aorta

79
Q

Which of the following is a trigger for the other actions described?

A

Extracellular fluid volume reduced.

80
Q

Salt retention in the body’s tissues reduces the production of urine by what process?

A

increasing the secretion of ADH

81
Q

Using your knowledge of the feedback loops of human female hormones, which of the following would you predict is the result of high levels of estrogen and progesterone in the blood?

A

absence of monthly ovulation

82
Q

The hormone gastrin stimulates cells that secrete what product?

A

HCI and pepsinogen

83
Q

What does the QRS wave of the ECG reading represent?

A

the depolarization of the ventricles

84
Q

Which organ can be seriously affected by infectious mononucleosis?

A

spleen

85
Q

The end of the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle coincides with which process

A

ovulation

86
Q

What is the most abundant of the plasma proteins?

A

albumin

87
Q

Which process is the first step in the formation of urine in the nephrons?

A

filtration

88
Q

How is the immunity that develops over time due to exposure to various antigens termed?

A

adaptive immunity

89
Q

Which of the following white blood cells are equipped with receptors for specific antigens?

A

B and T lymphocytes

90
Q

During swallowing, which structure aids the epiglottis in closing off the trachea?

A

is the vocal cords

91
Q

What is a blood disease in which there is an increase in the number of RBCS?

A

Polycythemia

92
Q

What type of antigen on the RBCs and type of antibodies circulating in the blood do individuals with type A blood have?

A

A; anti-B

93
Q

Four of the five answers listed below are related by gender. Select the exception.

A

Sertoli cells

94
Q

Other than being STDs, what do chlamydia and gonorrhea have in common?

A

cured with antibiotics

asymptomatic

95
Q

The adrenal cortex secretes all of the following except:

A

epinephrine

96
Q

How is a deficiency in the number and/or percentage of red blood cells and the amount of hemoglobin in the blood called?

A

anemia

97
Q

The release of testosterone requires what hormone?

A

luteinizing hormone and GnRH.

98
Q

What cells are lining the visceral layer of the Bowman’s capsule?

A

Podocytes

99
Q

What factor has been implicated as a trigger for the formation of artery-blocking plaques?

A

inflammation

Anatomy and Physiology II (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions