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EndoRepro Path Buzzwords > Final: repro > Flashcards

Final: repro Flashcards

1
Q

Kernicterus

A

fetal hemolysis (bilirubin breakdown)= damaged/yellow brain tissue *think fetal hydrops* (anasarca due to blood incompatibility)

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2
Q

Ground glass appearance (xray) and hyalinization (histo)

A

(granular infiltrates) + (hyaline membranes) collapsing alveoli = Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) can be associated with CMV

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3
Q

Blue-dome appearance

A

bluish appearance on outside of cysts seen with fibrocystic changes

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4
Q

Popcorn calcifications on mammography

A

classic description of fibroadenoma

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5
Q

“Indian file” infiltration

A

invasion in single file lines seen in lobular carcinoma

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6
Q

Signet Ring cells

A

large intracellular vacuole that pushes the nucleus to one side, giving the appearance of a ring with a stone on one side. Seen in lobular carcinoma

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7
Q

Peau d’orange

A

Orange peel appearance of the breast seen in inflammatory carcinoma

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8
Q

Moth eaten

A

Epidermis permeated by large round to ovoid cells that is seen with Paget’s disease of the breast

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9
Q

Michaelis Gutmann bodies

A

dense round inclusions of the urinary tract seen in malacoplakia

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10
Q

Reinke crystals

A

Intracytoplasmic rod-shaped crystals seen in Leydig cell tumors

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11
Q

Schiller Duval bodies

A

perivascular structure that resembles a glomerulus, seen in yolk sac tumors

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12
Q

Snowstorm appearance

A

hydatidiform moles

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13
Q

“cluster of grapes”

A

hydatidiform moles

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14
Q

Violin strings

A

Violin strings – Appearance of adhesions on the liver

from PID spreading to peritoneum

*Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome*

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15
Q

Koliocytosis

A

Dark, large, irregular nucleus seen on cytology in cells infected with HPV

(sunny side up eggs)

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16
Q

Chocolate cyst

A

Endometrial cyst of the ovary seen with endometriosis

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17
Q

Triple negative cancer

A

Breast cancer cells that do not express ER, PR, or HER2/neu, difficult to target with therapy

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18
Q

Leaf-like projections

A

Projections seen from Phyllodes tumors into the cysts

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19
Q

String of pearls

A

numerous follicles in ovarys een on ultrasound

*polycystic ovarian syndrome*

20
Q

Clue cells

A

cells with stippled appearance:

Vaginal epithelial cells coated with gram-variable rods (Gardnerella vaginalis)

*BV*

21
Q

baby with Hutchinson’s teeth

A

Babies that have smaller, widely spaced teeth with notches

*congenital syphillis* TORCH infection

22
Q

Owl’s eye

A

nuclear inclusion body

(Multiple Concentric ovals around the nucleus)

*CMV*

23
Q

Fried egg appearance

A

Clear cytoplasm with round nucleus seen in seminoma

24
Q

perinatal infection that causes intranuclear inclusions in RBC precursors

A

parvo B19 virus *TORCH perinatal infections*

25
Q

gross image of lungs: Distended bronchioles due to mucus plugs

A

Cystic Fibrosis histo: atrophy and fibrosis

26
Q

pediatric disorder: “olive-like” abdominal mass

A

Pyloric stenosis

27
Q

pediatric disorder: Most common cause intestinal obstruction

A

Intussusception

28
Q

pediatric disorder: Vitelline duct remnant near ileocecal valve

A

Meckel diverticulum *Rule of 2s - 2% of the population - Within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve - Approximately 2 inches long - 2 times as common in males - Usually symptomatic by age 2

29
Q

pediatric disorder: “boot-shaped” heart + cyanosis

A

Tetralogy of Fallot 4 components: 1) VSD 2) Subpulmonic stenosis 3) RVH 4) Overriding aorta

30
Q

pediatric disorder: Failure to pass meconium

A

Hirschsprung disease: Distal intestine lacks ganglion cells *a/w: Down syndrome

31
Q

neonate disorder: respiratory distress + greenish staining of placenta & baby

A

intrauterine meconium aspiration

32
Q

Histo: Rosenthal fibers

A

astrocytes with thick eosinophilic processes *pilocytic Astrocytoma* (benign CNS tumor)

33
Q

“Blueberry Muffin Baby”

A

Blue purpura (cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis) this test think: *neuroblastoma* (children with rapidly enlarging abdominal mass) OR *Rubella* (perinatal TORCH infection)

34
Q

pediatric disorder: raccoon eyes

A

orbital mets *Neuroblastoma* childhood malignancy

35
Q

“tree-bark” aorta

A

aorta damage from 3* syphilis

36
Q

Argyll-Robertson or prostitute pupils

A

pupils react to accomodation, but not to light

seen in 3* syphilis

37
Q

baby with “saber shins and saddle nose”

A

congenital syphilis

38
Q

baby with mulberry molars

A

poorly formed, rounded molars

*congenital syphilis*

39
Q

culture and gram stain shows: “school of fish” appearance

A

chains of bacilli between mucus,

characteristic of Haemophilus ducreyi infection

*STD: Chancroid*

40
Q

10%KOH and gram staim stain show “budding spores or hyphae”

A

Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis

41
Q

girl with vaginal discharge: Thin/frothy gray/white

A

Bacterial Vaginosis

42
Q

girl with vaginal discharge: Thick/cudy white

and itchy/red vaginia

A

Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis

43
Q

girl with green/yellow vaginal discharge

& wet mount shows “motile protozoans”

A

Trichomonas vaginalis (STD)

44
Q

diagnosis for neonate with (high pitched cry , bulging fontanel, metabolic acidosis, “100 yard stare”)

A

bacterial meningitis (commonly grp B strep)

45
Q

strawberry cervix

A

Trichomoniasis (STD)

46
Q

lesion looks like “dew drops on a rose petal”

A

vesicles of several peri-natal Herpes viruses

*heroes simplex 1/2*

*varacella-zoster (chicken pox)*

47
Q

Cowdry Bodies

A

large eosinophilic nuclear inclusions composed of nucleic acid and protein

cells infected with *herpes viruses*

*HSV and VZV*

(Not oval and perinuclear space is enlarged without the concentric ovals)

EndoRepro Path Buzzwords (2 decks)

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