Final: repro Flashcards
Kernicterus
fetal hemolysis (bilirubin breakdown)= damaged/yellow brain tissue *think fetal hydrops* (anasarca due to blood incompatibility)
Ground glass appearance (xray) and hyalinization (histo)
(granular infiltrates) + (hyaline membranes) collapsing alveoli = Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS) can be associated with CMV
Blue-dome appearance
bluish appearance on outside of cysts seen with fibrocystic changes
Popcorn calcifications on mammography
classic description of fibroadenoma
“Indian file” infiltration
invasion in single file lines seen in lobular carcinoma
Signet Ring cells
large intracellular vacuole that pushes the nucleus to one side, giving the appearance of a ring with a stone on one side. Seen in lobular carcinoma
Peau d’orange
Orange peel appearance of the breast seen in inflammatory carcinoma
Moth eaten
Epidermis permeated by large round to ovoid cells that is seen with Paget’s disease of the breast
Michaelis Gutmann bodies
dense round inclusions of the urinary tract seen in malacoplakia
Reinke crystals
Intracytoplasmic rod-shaped crystals seen in Leydig cell tumors
Schiller Duval bodies
perivascular structure that resembles a glomerulus, seen in yolk sac tumors
Snowstorm appearance
hydatidiform moles
“cluster of grapes”
hydatidiform moles
Violin strings
Violin strings – Appearance of adhesions on the liver
from PID spreading to peritoneum
*Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome*
Koliocytosis
Dark, large, irregular nucleus seen on cytology in cells infected with HPV
(sunny side up eggs)
Chocolate cyst
Endometrial cyst of the ovary seen with endometriosis
Triple negative cancer
Breast cancer cells that do not express ER, PR, or HER2/neu, difficult to target with therapy
Leaf-like projections
Projections seen from Phyllodes tumors into the cysts
String of pearls
numerous follicles in ovarys een on ultrasound
*polycystic ovarian syndrome*
Clue cells
cells with stippled appearance:
Vaginal epithelial cells coated with gram-variable rods (Gardnerella vaginalis)
*BV*
baby with Hutchinson’s teeth
Babies that have smaller, widely spaced teeth with notches
*congenital syphillis* TORCH infection
Owl’s eye
nuclear inclusion body
(Multiple Concentric ovals around the nucleus)
*CMV*
Fried egg appearance
Clear cytoplasm with round nucleus seen in seminoma
perinatal infection that causes intranuclear inclusions in RBC precursors
parvo B19 virus *TORCH perinatal infections*
gross image of lungs: Distended bronchioles due to mucus plugs
Cystic Fibrosis histo: atrophy and fibrosis
pediatric disorder: “olive-like” abdominal mass
Pyloric stenosis
pediatric disorder: Most common cause intestinal obstruction
Intussusception
pediatric disorder: Vitelline duct remnant near ileocecal valve
Meckel diverticulum *Rule of 2s - 2% of the population - Within 2 feet of the ileocecal valve - Approximately 2 inches long - 2 times as common in males - Usually symptomatic by age 2
pediatric disorder: “boot-shaped” heart + cyanosis
Tetralogy of Fallot 4 components: 1) VSD 2) Subpulmonic stenosis 3) RVH 4) Overriding aorta
pediatric disorder: Failure to pass meconium
Hirschsprung disease: Distal intestine lacks ganglion cells *a/w: Down syndrome
neonate disorder: respiratory distress + greenish staining of placenta & baby
intrauterine meconium aspiration
Histo: Rosenthal fibers
astrocytes with thick eosinophilic processes *pilocytic Astrocytoma* (benign CNS tumor)
“Blueberry Muffin Baby”
Blue purpura (cutaneous extramedullary hematopoiesis) this test think: *neuroblastoma* (children with rapidly enlarging abdominal mass) OR *Rubella* (perinatal TORCH infection)
pediatric disorder: raccoon eyes
orbital mets *Neuroblastoma* childhood malignancy
“tree-bark” aorta
aorta damage from 3* syphilis
Argyll-Robertson or prostitute pupils
pupils react to accomodation, but not to light
seen in 3* syphilis
baby with “saber shins and saddle nose”
congenital syphilis
baby with mulberry molars
poorly formed, rounded molars
*congenital syphilis*
culture and gram stain shows: “school of fish” appearance
chains of bacilli between mucus,
characteristic of Haemophilus ducreyi infection
*STD: Chancroid*
10%KOH and gram staim stain show “budding spores or hyphae”
Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis
girl with vaginal discharge: Thin/frothy gray/white
Bacterial Vaginosis
girl with vaginal discharge: Thick/cudy white
and itchy/red vaginia
Yeast Infection/ Candidiasis/ Candida vaginitis
girl with green/yellow vaginal discharge
& wet mount shows “motile protozoans”
Trichomonas vaginalis (STD)
diagnosis for neonate with (high pitched cry , bulging fontanel, metabolic acidosis, “100 yard stare”)
bacterial meningitis (commonly grp B strep)
strawberry cervix
Trichomoniasis (STD)
lesion looks like “dew drops on a rose petal”
vesicles of several peri-natal Herpes viruses
*heroes simplex 1/2*
*varacella-zoster (chicken pox)*
Cowdry Bodies
large eosinophilic nuclear inclusions composed of nucleic acid and protein
cells infected with *herpes viruses*
*HSV and VZV*
(Not oval and perinuclear space is enlarged without the concentric ovals)
