Final: Reconciliation and RS legacy Flashcards
Compare Indigenous versus Non-Indigenous Justice in Canada. 11 points.
1) Disproportionately more indigenous people are in conflict with the law.
2) Higher rates of crimes and victimization.
3) More likely to be charged with multiple offences.
4) Be serving a sentence for violence
5) Crimes against the system (e.g. failure to appear)
6) Accused more likely to be denied bail
7) More time is spent in pre-trail detention
8) Incarceration rate approx. 10 times higher than for non-Indigenous persons.
9) Spend more time in prison, less likely to get early-release/parole
10) Have parole revoked and returned to prison
11) More likely to re-offend (highest rate)
Indigenous people under federal sentences are more likely to be what things? 6 points.
1) Younger
2) Less Educated
3) Present a history of substance abuse, addictions and mental health concerns.
4) Kept at higher security institutions .
5) Gang-affiliated.
6) Over-involved in use of force.
Why has the Canadian justice system failed?
The fundamental differences between the Aboriginal worldviews and those of non-Indigenous peoples, and the lack of accommodation for these differences in the justice system is the exact reason it has failed Aboriginal peoples.
Until the 1970s, what was the educational curriculum like?
Assimilationist.
What are the issues with the Canadian education system, in terms of Aboriginals?
Curriculum in many First Nations schools is the as for white middle class students in all public schools, there is no affirmation of indigenous identity, and the education system is alien and meaningless in the context of life on the reserve and irrelevant to indigenous people in everyday life.
Who is the current chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC)?
Justice Murray Sinclair.
Explain the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s dual mandate.
1) Discover the facts behind the residential school system, collecting over 7,000 statements and 5 million records.
2) Lay the foundation for lasting reconciliation across Canada with 94 calls to action.
What are the Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s responsibilities?
1) Statement gathering/truth sharing
2) Collecting all relevant documents from other church and government entities.
3) Hosting community events and seven national events
4) Issuing a final report (6 volumes, December 2015)
5) Overseeing and approving a $20 million fund commemorating legacy of IRS.
6) Establishing a National Research Centre
What is the National Centre for Truth and Reconciliation responsible for?
1) Continuing the journey of truth and reconciliation, especially in the areas of public education, research and access to the collection.
2) Providing a safe, respectful and trustworthy space for survivors and their families to gain access to records and collect information about their history.
When did the Truth and Reconciliation Commission launch?
Initially in 2008 as part of the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA), and then relaunched in late 2009.
What are the four fundamental questions to consider when doing research for the Missing Children Project?
1) Who and how many IRS students died?
2) What did IRS students die from?
3) Where were they buried?
4) Who went missing?
When/what was the Sixties Scoop?
1960s to 1980s. It was the taking of indigenous children from their families and placing them in foster homes or for adoption into mostly white middle-class families.
What does AIM stand for?
Adopt Indian-Metis (giving children white parents)
Who was the first to file a lawsuit over the Sixties Scoop?
Marcia Martel Brown.
When/what is the MMIW inquiry?
Began September 1st, 2016 to December 31st, 2018. It will investigate the systemic high rate of violence against Indigenous women and girls, and the role of various institutions, including police forces, governments and coroners’ offices.
