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Substance Abuse > Final Quiz > Flashcards

Final Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three clinical uses of narcotics?

A

pain relief (analegesics)
reduce coughing (antitussive)
reduce diarrhea

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2
Q

how do narcotics treat pain?

A

activates endorphin receptors that blocks transmission of pain through the spinal cord and brain stem
- alters perception of pain in the “pain center”

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3
Q

what is the most common side effect of narcotics? what are other symptoms

A

constipation!
drowsiness, mental clouding, respiratory depression, nausea, itching, inability to urinate, low BP

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4
Q

what is the most common narcotic analgesic?

A

morphine

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5
Q

what is heroins classification?

A

schedule 1
- most widely abused drug in the world

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6
Q

what other drugs typically get used with heroin?

A

diluted with lactose, quinine
- mixed with artificial fentanyl
- used with alcohol and cocaine

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7
Q

cocaine + heroin

A

speedballing

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8
Q

what is the purpose of codeine?

A

cough suppressant (schedule 5)
- most prescribed analgesic
- used for treatment of minor-moderate pain

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9
Q

what are narcotics extracted from? who was the first to do this?

A

opium (poppy plant)
- Frederick Serturner (morphine)

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10
Q

what is a hypodermic syringe? when was this most commonly used?

A

created to prevent morphine addiction
- injected drug directly into the veins rather than orally
- increases potency & likelihood of dependence
- used during the Civil War (soldiers disease)

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11
Q

what are two commonly prescribed narcotics?

A

oxycodone, oxycontin

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12
Q

is narcotic addiction common?

A

no, it’s very rare unless you have a predisposition

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13
Q

what is a narcotic?

A

CNS depressant
- produces insensibility (lack of awareness) and stupor (state of near unconsciousness)
- means “benumbing” in Greek

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14
Q

what is an analegesic?

A

pain relief
- class of drugs that is used to relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness

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15
Q

what is an anorexiant?

A

diet pills
- prescriptions were written for this at an all time high during 1967

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16
Q

what are some legal uses of amphetamines?

A

narcolepsy, ADHD, weight loss
- euphorigenic & eliminates fatigue

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17
Q

what are the effects of amphetamines?

A

increase alertness, excitation, and euphoria
- can cause an individual to do repetitious thought or act for hours

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18
Q

what is Ritalin used for?

A

treat ADHD
- calm down individuals & boost school performance
- can also treat narcolepsy
- Schedule 2

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19
Q

what is the most used stimulant?

A

CAFFIENE

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20
Q

what is xanthine?

A

caffeine-like-drugs
- most potent affect on CNS
- enhances alertness, arousal, and diminished fatigue

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21
Q

what are stimulants?

A

makes the user have an increased sense of energy & state of euphoria
- releases dopamine!

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22
Q

what are examples of minor and major stimulants?

A

minor: caffeine
major: amphetamines, cocaine

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23
Q

what is a gateway drug?

A

drugs that serve as the path to use illicit drug
- leads someone to a propensity (desire)

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24
Q

what are the two types of cannabis? describe them

A

sativa = energetic, increase appetite, pain relief, new ideas
- DAYTIIME

indica = relaxation, stress relief, calmness
- NIGHTTIME

25
Q

what is synthetic marijuana?

A

composed of herbal materials, fake weed
- sprayed with designer chemicals

26
Q

what is sinsemilla?

A

no seeds
- makes it more potent

27
Q

what is hashish?

A

made from flower buds
- very pure form of resin

28
Q

what is marijuana wax?

A

melted down to be the most powerful and potent
- highly hallucinogenic

29
Q

what is ganja?

A

slang term
- dried tops of female plants

30
Q

what is THC?

A

tetrahydrocannabinol
- primary mind altering (psychoactive) agent

31
Q

what is the gateway theory?

A

does not explain the progression to other more addictive drugs, it shows that some people are predisposed to use drugs (weed is just readily available)

32
Q

how many chemicals are in marijuana? what is the most common ingredient?

A

421
- THC

33
Q

what is today’s potency of marijuana?

A

8.52% in 2009, but has increased in potency by 3x

34
Q

what is amotivational syndrome?

A

belief that heavy weed use causes a lack of motivation or impaired desire with reduced productivity
- lack of desire to perform hard work and difficult tasks

35
Q

what does volatile mean?

A

readily evaporated at low temperatures
- snorting, sniffing, huffing

36
Q

why are inhalants abused?

A

household products that elicit euphorigenic responses
- easily available and produces a high

37
Q

what is nitrous oxide used for?

A

dentists
- colorless gas, laughing gas
- found in products used in cars to boost octane levels
- can be sold in large balloons

38
Q

what are side affects of inhalant use?

A

nausea, irritation or airways, coughing, sneezing, lightheadedness, mild stimulation, loss of control, lack of coordination, disorientation, dizziness, hallucinations

39
Q

what are the three main types of inhalants?

A

volatile substances (aerosols, butane, gas, freon)
anesthetics (NO)
nitrates (treats chest tightness -> angina)

40
Q

what is the age group that uses inhalants?

A

8th grade mainly
- average age of first use was 19.2 years

41
Q

what does euphorigenic mean?

A

having the ability to cause feelings of pleasure and well-being

42
Q

what is huffing?

A

inhale vapor or aerosol gases using plastic bags held over the mouth or by breathing from a solvent-soaked rag

43
Q

what is a subculture?

A

special populations who have similarities that are different from others

44
Q

what does ergogenic mean?

A

drugs that enhance athletic performance

45
Q

what is blood doping?

A

taking blood out of your own body and infusing it back to increase amount of blood cells before performance

46
Q

are women more or less likely to seek treatment for addiction?

A

less likely

47
Q

what are women in treatment more likely to have had?

A

sexual or physical abuse

48
Q

what are factors that influence adolescent drug use?

A

bored
more than $25 per week
anxiety
peer use
weak family bonds
sexual abuse

49
Q

what are the four types of parents kids who struggle with addiction have? describe them

A

alcoholics

nonconsuming & condeming = abstain and judgmental

overly demanding = unrealistic expectations

overly protective = child has no self-worth, independence

50
Q

do people who attend college have a higher or lower rate of being an alcoholic?

A

higher

51
Q

do people who attend college have a higher or lower rate of using other drugs?

A

lower

52
Q

what are some major reasons for alcohol use in college?

A

breaks the ice, enhances social activity, something to do, able to have more fun, peer bonding, easier to deal with stress

53
Q

what is the best predictor of drug use in first year of college?

A

drug use during a typically month in the senior year of HS

54
Q

who is more likely to initiate drug use? (M or W)

A

men

55
Q

who is more likely to start abusing drugs earlier? (M or W)

A

women

56
Q

who is more likely to develop an addiction? (M or W)

A

women

57
Q

who is more likely to relapse when their romantic partners are substance abusers? (M or W)

A

women

58
Q

who is more likely to be unemployed due to drug use? (M or W)

A

women

59
Q

who is more likely to abuse alcohol? (M or W)

A

women

Substance Abuse (3 decks)

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