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WSET 4 > Final questions - New World > Flashcards

Final questions - New World Flashcards

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1
Q

USA wine law

A

AVA and Appellation of Origin (based on political boundaries)

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2
Q

Anderson Valley grapes

A

Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

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3
Q

Chenin Blanc appellation in California

A

Clarksburg

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4
Q

2 valleys creating Central Valley region

A

Sacramento Valley

San Joaquin Valley

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5
Q

California % of US production

A

80%

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6
Q

Rockpile grapes

A

Zinfandel, Petit Syrah, Cabernet

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7
Q

Dry Creek grapes

A

Zinfandel, Sauvignon Blanc

Fog from San Pablo

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8
Q

Alexander Valley grapes

A

Cabernet

warm, cooled by Petaluma Gap winds

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9
Q

Knights Valley grapes

A

Cabernet, Merlot, Chardonnay, SB

surrounded by hills, volcanic soils

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10
Q

sub-zones of Russian river valley

and their climatic differences

A

Green Valley of Russian River Valley (coolest in region)

Chalk Hill (volcanic soils, warmer)

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11
Q

Petaluma Gap grapes

A

Pinot Noir, Chardonnay

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12
Q

Napa Mountain AVAs

A 
Mount Veeder
Atlas Peak
Spring Mountain District
Diamond Mountain District
Howell Mountain
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13
Q

Napa fog affected AVAs

A

Los Carneros
Oak Knoll
Coombsville

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14
Q

Napa valley floor (with some cooling influence of fog) AVAs

A

Yountville
Stags Leap District
Oakville
Rutherford

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15
Q

Napa hot valley floor AVAs

A

Calistoga

St Helena

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16
Q

Mountain ranges in Napa

A 
Mayacama Mountains (west)
Vaca Range (east)
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17
Q

Napa soils

A

Mountains - thin and poor
Middle and east of valley - silt + clay (Napa river formed)
Alluvial fans - Rutherford Bench - deposited sediments, deep, rocky, moderate fertility

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18
Q

Livermore valley grapes

A

Chardonnay, Cabernet, Zinfandel, SB

afternoon winds from San Francisco Bay
Oldest wineries in US

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19
Q

Monterey sub-regions

A

Carmel Valley (warmer)
Arroyo Secco (warmer)
Santa Lucia Highlands
Chalone (limestone, granite)

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20
Q

River going through Monterey

A

Salinas

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21
Q

Influence cooling Paso Robles

A

Templeton Gap

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22
Q

Paso Robles soils and grapes

A

calcaire

Cabernet, Merlot, Zinfandel, Syrah, Rhone varieties

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23
Q

Cooling influence in Edna Valley

A

cool winds from Morro Bay

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24
Q

Sub-regions of Santa Ynez Valley

A

Santa Rita Hills (calcium rich soils - Char, PN)
Ballard Canyon
Happy Canyon of Santa Barbara
Los Olivos

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25
Q

Mountain in Santa Barbara County and it’s influence

A

Transverse Range

east-west orientation facing Pacific - funnels cool breezes in

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26
Q

Which county does NOT permit cellar door sales in US

A

Santa Barbara County

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27
Q

Oregon soils

A

Free draining marine sedimentary, volcanic and loess on valley floor

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28
Q

Rainfall in Oregon

A

High but only in winter

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29
Q

Willamette valley sub-regions

A 
Ribbon Ridge
Yamhill-Carlton
McMinnville
Van Duzer Corridor
Chehalem Mountains
Dundee Hills
Eola-Amity Hills
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30
Q

Dundee hills soils and style

A

volcanic soils, red iron rich, clay-basalt

high altitude, but still warm - aciditìy and concentration

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31
Q

irrigation in Willamette

A

prohibited except longest-established producers

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32
Q

Willamette training systems

A

Scott-Henry on fertile valleys

Cordon or Guyot on slopes

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33
Q

Mountain range in Oregon important for viti

and it’s influence

A

Coastal Range - blocks rain and cool air from ocean

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34
Q

Mountain range influencing climate of Washington

A

Cascade Range - blocks Pacific weather and creates dessert like conditions

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35
Q

Washington soils

A

Basalt bedrock with sandy, silty loess and alluvial top soils

Free-draining and poor - irrigation req.

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36
Q

Warmest, driest places (2) in Washington

A

Wahluke Slope

Red Mountain

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37
Q

Training system in Finger Lakes

A

Scott-Henry - fertile soils

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38
Q

Sub-AVAs in Long Island

A

North Fork

Hamptons

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39
Q

Effect of lake in New York State and Canada

A

Slopes drain cold air down, warm air raises = vacuum
Lake-effect-snow = insulation
warming influence = longer growing season
Delay of budburst
Moderation of temperature
Lower risk of winter freeze
Higher level of humidity - high fungal disease pressure

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40
Q

Niagara Peninsula soils

A

Clay, sand, gravel, rocks

Limestone around lakes

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41
Q

Prince Edward County soils and varieties

A

Limestone plateau - re-radiating heat

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay with extreme acidity

42
Q

State in Canada where Niagara Peninsula is located

A

Ontario

43
Q

Training systems in Canada

A

Lyre, Geneva Double Curtain, Scott-Henry

VSP

44
Q

RS in Ice wine

A

200-250g

45
Q

Yield of Ice wine compare to still wine

A

as low as 10% of still wine production

46
Q

Okanagan valley varieties

A

cool north - PN, PG, Riesling, Chardonnay, Gewurz

Warm south - Merlot, Cabernet, Syrah

47
Q

Moderating influence in Okanagan Valley

A

Chain of lakes which creates the whole valley

48
Q

Climate in Chile

A

Warm mediterranean

49
Q

Soils in Chile

A

River banks: alluvial and fertile

Coast - gravel, sand, silt

Andes - volcanic, granite

Very limited limestone occurance

50
Q

Wine law in Chile

A

6 DO (political boundaries)
sub-regions
Zones
Areas (belonging to sub-region or zone)

Costa
Entre Cordilleras
Andes

51
Q

Water current affecting Chile

A

Humbold current

- cold and humid (creates fogs)

52
Q

Chile wine regions

A

Coquimbo
Aconcagua
Central Valley
Southern

53
Q

Dessert in north side of Chile

A

Atacama

54
Q

Region with Limestone soils in Chile

A

Limari Valley

55
Q

Climate in Argentina

A

Mostly continental

56
Q

Wind influencing Argentina

A

Zonda - hot and dry coming down from Andes

  • rain shadow
57
Q

Argentina soils

A

mainly alluvial

Andes - large stones + calcaire (poor)

Middle slopes - gravel, sand, silt

Lower down the slopes - deep loamy clay

58
Q

Choice of irrigation in Argentina

A

flood irrigation for free-draining soils

- larger amounts in winter, lower in summer

59
Q

Argentina wine law

A 
IP - large geographical areas
IG (or GI) specific areas capable of quality production (mainly political)
DOC (with winemaking criteria) only 2
 - Lujan de Cuyo
 - San Rafael
Region (Cuyo)
Province (Mendoza)
Sub-region (Uco Valley)
Department (San Carlos)
District (La Consulta)
GI within district (Paraje Altamira)
60
Q

Reserva labelling in Argentina

A

12 months ageing for red (6 for white)

Gran Reserva - twice as much

61
Q

Climate in South Aftica

A

Warm mediterranean

62
Q

Soils in South Africa

A

Table Mountain sandstone - irrigated
Foothills of mountains - granite (potential for dry-farming)
Shale - good nutrient level, potential for dry-farming

Mostly very acid soils

63
Q

2 water current influencing South Africa

A

Benguela current (cool from south)

Mozambique current (warm from Indian Ocean)

64
Q

Wind influencing South Africa

A

Cape Doctor

during spring and summer, extends impact of Benguela current

brings occasional rain and lowers disease and yields

65
Q

How do they treat acidic soils in SA

A

with lime treatments

66
Q

Training in SA

A

low density with higher fruit load (still cordon or Guyot)

67
Q

Big 6 varieteis SA

A

Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay

Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Pinotage

68
Q

SA wine law

A

Wine of Origin
Geographical Unit - large areas (Western Cape)
Region - large area after major feature (Coastal Region)
District - Stellenbosch
Ward - Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
- may or may not be within district

69
Q

SA single vineyard law

A

must be registered
planted with single variety
no larger than 6ha

70
Q

SA sustainability initiatives

A 
Integrated Production of Wine
Biodiversity and Wine Initiative
Integrity and Sustainability Seal
Sustainable Wine South Africa
The Wine and Agricultural Ethical Trade Association
Fairtrade
71
Q

Cooling influence affecting Constantia and Stellenbosch

A

Cool breezes from False Bay

72
Q

Soils in Stellenbosch

A

Sand, granite, shale

73
Q

River flowing through Swartland and Paarl

A

Berg river

74
Q

Australia wine law

A

Zones - usually covers whole states
Regions - distinctive qualities 65
Sub-regions - only 14

75
Q

Terra Rossa

A

free-draining iron rich loam over limestone base
- lower vigour, more concentration

Coonawarra

76
Q

Clare Valley sub-regions for Riesling and their soils and styles

A

Polish Hill - slate, long ageing

Watervale - limestone, more aromatic and approachable

77
Q

Cooling influence in McLaren Vale

A

Cooling breezes from Gulf St Vincent

78
Q

Soils in Mornington Peninsula

A

red basalt - possibility of dry-farming

fertile soils around Red Hill

79
Q

Yarra Valley soils

A

Upper Yarra - volcanic, fertile - possibility to dry farm

Lower Yarra - clay, poor, irrigated

80
Q

Cool regions in Victoria

A 
Henty - cool Antarctic winds
Macedon Ranges - very continental
Geelong - Port Phillip cooling infl
Yarra - high humidity, frost risk
King Valley - high altitude
81
Q

Victoria wine regions on Great Dividing Range

A 
Grampians
Pyrenees (peppery shiraz)
Bendigo
Heathcote (high acidity shiraz)
Goulburn Valley
82
Q

Climate in Hunter Valley

A

nearly tropical and humid

83
Q

Soils in Hunter Valley

A

sand and clay

84
Q

Which mountain shades Tumbarumba (cool region)

A

Snowy Mountains in Great Dividing Range

85
Q

Climate in Margaret River

A

Maritime with high rainfall (falling mainly in winter)

86
Q

Soils in Margaret River

A

free draining gravel

87
Q

Sub-regions in Great Southern, Australia

A 
Mount Barker (more continental)
Frankland River (more continental)
Porungurup
Albany (maritime)
Denmark (maritime)
88
Q

Soils in NZ

A

fertile but free-draining (irrigation needed)

mainly alluvial

89
Q

Training in NZ

A

VSP high trained (convenience, no need for sun reflection)
Scott-Henry for vigorous vineyards
- low density but high yield per vine

90
Q

Appellation Malborough Wine is:

+ requirements

A

trademark

must be sustainable certified and bottled in NZ
max yields apply
Sauvignon Blanc only

91
Q

Climate of NZ

A

Moderate maritime - north island

Cool maritime - south island

92
Q

Sub-regions in Hawke’s Bay

A

Gimlett Gravels - warmer

Bridge Pa - deeper soils

93
Q

Soils and climate in Hawke’s Bay

A

similar to Bordeaux

Gravelly alluvial soils

94
Q

Grapes in Hawke’s Bay

A

Mainly Merlot (Cabernet really struggles)

Peppery Syrah (small volume but praised)

95
Q

Martinborough Pinot Noir style

A

Tannic

Small thick berries because of wind from Cook Strait

96
Q

Marlborough sub-regions

  • soils
  • styles produced
A

Wairau - gravel, silt, loam, clay (more fertile)
- warmer in west

Southern Valleys - more clay, late ripening
- PN reputation

Awatere - cooler, windier

  • herbaceous SB
  • small thick berry PN with deeper colour
97
Q

Canterburry sub-regions

  • soils
  • styles
A

Waikari - clay-limestone
- strong reputation for PN (Bell Hill)

Waipara Valley - gravel, sand, loam
- lighter styles

98
Q

Waitaki Valley soils

A

limestone (North Otago)

99
Q

Central Otago sub-regions

A 
Alexandra (hottest)
Gibbston (highest)
Bannockburn (warm, dry, concentrated)
Cromwell 
Bendigo
Wanaka
100
Q

Central Otago soils

A

Gravel to clay (large variety)

101
Q

Central Otago climate

A

Semi-continental, very dry

- high diurnal range

WSET 4 (32 decks)

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