final pt. 3 (intrapersonal abuse, addiction, family/couples counseling)

Question 1

the misuse of objects or substances produced for one purpose but are exploited excessively to the detriment of the person involved, resulting in addiction

Answer 1

interpersonal abuse

Question 2

3 C’s of addiction:
loss of __________ , __________ use , __________ use (almost any object or substance can become an addiction)

Answer 2

control compulsive continued

Question 3

regarding substances means to use a drug for the sole purpose of euphoria or recreation

Answer 3

abuse

Question 4

two or more substances simultaneously

Answer 4

polysubstance abuse (and addiction)

Question 5

abuse of or addiction to substances is _______ with other disorders including depression, anxiety, conduct disorder, and ADHD

Answer 5

comorbid

Question 6

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
__________- internal desire to change
denial- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
dual-diagnosis- mental illness and substance use disorder
matching- the right treatment for a d/o
control- the regulation of behavior
relapse- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 6

motivation

Question 7

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
motivation- internal desire to change
_______- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
dual-diagnosis- mental illness and substance use disorder
matching- the right treatment for a d/o
control- the regulation of behavior
relapse- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 7

denial

Question 8

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
motivation- internal desire to change
denial- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
_____________- mental illness and substance use disorder
matching- the right treatment for a d/o
control- the regulation of behavior
relapse- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 8

dual diagnosis

Question 9

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
motivation- internal desire to change
denial- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
dual-diagnosis- mental illness and substance use disorder
_________- the right treatment for a d/o
control- the regulation of behavior
relapse- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 9

matching

Question 10

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
motivation- internal desire to change
denial- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
dual-diagnosis- mental illness and substance use disorder
matching- the right treatment for a d/o
_________- the regulation of behavior
relapse- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 10

control

Question 11

most prevalent factors affecting treatment for interpersonal abuses and addiction are:
motivation- internal desire to change
denial- minimizing effects of substance abuse on self or others
dual-diagnosis- mental illness and substance use disorder
matching- the right treatment for a d/o
control- the regulation of behavior
________- the recurrence of dysfunctional behaviors once they have been treated

Answer 11

relapse

Question 12

treatment for addiction/abuse:

a brief counseling intervention designed to reduce a client’s ambivalence toward change will increasing their motivation to engage in the behavior-changing process

Answer 12

motivational interviewing

Question 13

treatment for addiction/abuse:

emphasis is to get client to think about what an improved life would look like and what changes would be needed to live such a life

Answer 13

solution focused approach

Question 14

treatment for addiction/abuse:

counselors have clients with addictions read books or view/listen to media and discuss ideas related to what they have experienced

Answer 14

bibliotherapeutic approach

Question 15

treatment for addiction/abuse:

most common are 12-step programs: alcoholics/narcotics/overeaters anonymous
groups and programs for family members: women for sobriety, alanon and lateen, students against drunk driving, M.A.A.D.

Answer 15

self help groups

Question 16

identify risk factors, protective factors, and triggers (environmental events- involved in both risk and protective factors)

Answer 16

prevention programs

Question 17

addiction to behaviors including sexuality, gambling, internet use, gaming

Answer 17

process addictions

Question 18

behavior moves from normal to addictive when it both produces pleasure and reduces negative moods, and include two key features:

the individual is unable to _______, cut back, or ______ the behavior

Answer 18

control stop

Question 19

behavior moves from normal to addictive when it both produces pleasure and reduces negative moods, and include two key features:

the individual continues to use the behavior despite substantial ________ ____________

Answer 19

negative consequences

Question 20

repression: unknowing placing an unpleasant memory or thought in the unconscious

regression: reverting back to immature behavior from an earlier stage of development

displacement: redirecting unacceptable feelings from the original source to a safer, substitute target

sublimation: replacing socially unacceptable impulses with socially acceptable behavior

reaction formation: acting in exactly the opposite
way to one’s unacceptable impulses

projection: attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings and thoughts to others and not yourself

rationalization: creating false excuses for one’s unacceptable feelings, thoughts, or behaviors

Answer 20

common defense mechanisms

Question 21

a natural tendency to do something well such as carry out tasks in daily life

Answer 21

ability

Question 22

an inability or a limitation that prevents a person from performing some or all of the tasks of daily life

affects 54 million people in the US, 4.4 million are children

Answer 22

disability

Question 23

A variety of models exist for counselors to choose from when working with a client who has a disability:

“disabilities are objective conditions that exist in and of themselves”

Answer 23

biomedical model

Question 24

A variety of models exist for counselors to choose from when working with a client who has a disability:

“disabilities are deficits that impede functioning”

Answer 24

environmental and functional model

Question 25

A variety of models exist for counselors to choose from when working with a client who has a disability: "persons with disabilities are a minorities group rather than people with pathologies. Impediments created by social disorganization"

Answer 25

sociopolitical model

Question 26

A variety of models exist for counselors to choose from when working with a client who has a disability: people with direct experience with disabilities are best able to help those who have recently acquired disabilities"

Answer 26

peer counselor model

Question 27

Personal counseling: working individually with clients from theoretical models Case finding: making services known to agencies and potential clients Eligibility determination: determining if clients meet criteria for funding Training: identifying client skills and purchasing resources to help clients Provision of restoration: arranging for needed devices and medical services Support services: ranges from providing medication to offering counseling Job placement Planning: working as equals with client to devise a treatment plan Evaluation: combining info from services to prioritize and determine needs Agency consultation: working with agencies to set up or coordinate services Public relations: advocating for clients Follow-along: interacting with agencies and maintain contact with clients

Answer 27

major functions of rehab counselors

Question 28

characterized by its "before the fact quality"; its intentional and group-oriented rather than individual

Answer 28

primary prevention

Question 29

counselors need to work with increase individual strengths and decrease individual limitations counselors must increase social support and decrease social stress environmental variables, such as poverty, natural disasters, and community programming for youth must be addressed

Answer 29

blooms configure model of prevention

Question 30

sex, age, depression, previous attempt, alcohol abuse, rational thinking loss, social support system lacking (lonely, isolated), organized plan, no spouse, sickness (chronic or terminal)

Answer 30

sad persons scale

Question 31

creative, coping, social, essential, physical

Answer 31

indivisible self

Question 32

controlling mental health problems that have already surfaced but are not severe

Answer 32

secondary prevention

Question 33

controlling serious mental health problems to keep them from being chronic or life threatening

Answer 33

tertiary prevention

Question 34

counselors can work to mitigate stigma of mental disorders in 3 ways: p______, e________, and c______

Answer 34

protest education contact

Question 35

10-25% of population experience a form of it may be the most common disorder of mental health professionals treatments include CBT, mindfulness, and physiological interventions (exercise, nutrition)

Answer 35

depression

Question 36

affects 18% of adult population (40 million) generalized, social ________, and panic disorder

Answer 36

anxiety

Question 37

two most prominent models with nonmusical traumas: ______ intervention model ___________ - therapy model

Answer 37

crisis continuing

Question 38

trauma models: the focus is to restore _______________ ___________ - the combination of biological, psychological, and social factors that make up and influence how a person operates with a society

Answer 38

biopsychosocial functioning

Question 39

trauma models: to help clients create meaning, counselors may use __________-_____________ framework

Answer 39

existential-constructivist

Question 40

Variety of settings: mental health centers, community agencies, psychiatric hospitals, health maintenance organizations, health and wellness promotion programs (HWPS), geriatric centers, crisis control agencies, child guidance clinics, employee assistance programs, crisis-oriented organizations

Answer 40

employment of cmhcs

Question 41

Balance business Be patient, persistent, and prepared Network Be tech savvy Avoid restrictive covenants of some agencies Invest time in pull marketing relationships Prepare for possible emergencies of clients Be willing to donate services

Answer 41

challenges of private practice

Question 42

A growing dissatisfaction among consumers with mental health managed care A chance for counselors to develop a niche or a specialty and become known in their communities An opportunity for counselors to set up their office hours for times most convenient for them A chance for counselors to branch out in treatment services Opportunity to be entrepreneurial

Answer 42

benefits of private practice

Question 43

nuclear (husband, wife, children); multigenerational (at least 3 generations); single parent; blended; dual career (both marital partners work); childless family; aging family (heads of household are 65 and above); gay/lesbian family (with or without children); multicultural family (individuals from 2 different cultures form a household)

Answer 43

types of families

Question 44

WWII resulted in a sharp rise in divorce rates as well as the baby boom the changing role of women into becoming breadwinners as well as caring for the home expansion of the lifespan- couples found themselves living with the same partners longer than at any previous time in history

Answer 44

family history and trends

Question 45

Nathan ackerman virginia satir salvador minuchin John gotttman jay haley carl whitaker milton erickson

Answer 45

family therapy pioneers and leaders

Question 46

American association for marriage and family therapy (AAMFT)- est. in 1942 International association of marriage and family counselors (IAMFC)- division within ACA chartered in 1986 Division 43 (family psychology)- division of APA formed in 1984 American family therapy association (AFTA)- est. in 1977

Answer 46

family therapy associations

Question 47

Family counseling interventions are at least as effective as individual interventions Some forms of family counseling are more effective in treating problems than other counseling approaches Effectiveness of family counseling increases when both partners/parents are present Problems may worsen when marriage and family counseling services are not offered to couples conjointly or to families systematically Clients report high satisfaction with marital, couple, and family counseling services

Answer 47

family counseling research

Question 48

the stages a family goes through as it evolves over the years

Answer 48

family life cycle

Question 49

emotional bonding

Answer 49

family cohesion

Question 50

ability to be flexible and change (in families)

Answer 50

family adaptability

Question 51

family members are overly dependent on each other

Answer 51

enmeshment

Question 52

other members of a triangle pull a person in 2 different directions

Answer 52

triangulation

Question 53

Finances Children Fidelity Communication Compatibility The must see both partners together Main approaches include object relational, behavioral, cognitive behavioral, bowen systems, structural, emotionally focused, and narrative

Answer 53

reasons couples seek counseling

Question 54

an individual who is seen as the cause of trouble with the family structure whom family members use as their ticket of entry to counseling

Answer 54

identified patient

Question 55

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: ________ ________ (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) Nonsummativity (family is greater than the sum of its parts) Equifinality (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) Communication (all behavior is seen as communicative) Family rules (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) Morphogenesis (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 55

circular causality

Question 56

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: Circular causality (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) ______________ (family is greater than the sum of its parts) Equifinality (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) Communication (all behavior is seen as communicative) Family rules (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) Morphogenesis (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 56

nonsummativity

Question 57

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: Circular causality (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) Nonsummativity (family is greater than the sum of its parts) ____________ (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) Communication (all behavior is seen as communicative) Family rules (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) Morphogenesis (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 57

equifinality

Question 58

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: Circular causality (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) Nonsummativity (family is greater than the sum of its parts) Equifinality (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) _____________ (all behavior is seen as communicative) Family rules (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) Morphogenesis (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 58

communication

Question 59

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: Circular causality (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) Nonsummativity (family is greater than the sum of its parts) Equifinality (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) Communication (all behavior is seen as communicative) ______ _____ (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) Morphogenesis (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 59

family rules

Question 60

Family system counselors stress the following concepts: Circular causality (events are interconnected and factors behind a behavior or multiple) Nonsummativity (family is greater than the sum of its parts) Equifinality (same origin may lead to different outcomes and the same outcome may results from different origins) Communication (all behavior is seen as communicative) Family rules (explicit and implicit rules influence family functioning) _____________ (ability of a family to modify its functioning to meet demands)

Answer 60

morphogenesis

Question 61

Based on several premises: Counselors are psychologically healthy and understand their own families of origin well Counselors will not over- or underemphasize possible aspects in the therapeutic process Counselor must win the battle for structure while letting the family win the battle for initiative Counselors need to be able to see the couple or family difficulties in the context in which they are occurring

Answer 61

process of couple (family) counseling

Question 62

Things to address before beginning: Understanding expectations the client has for treatment Gather essential clinical information Hypothesize about possible issues for the family Schedule an appointment

Answer 62

presession planning

Question 63

Counselor must establish rapport Therapeutic alliance can be created through the following: Maintenance- confirm or support a family member’s position Tracking- following a series of events Mimesis- adopting a family’s style of communication Counselor observes the family dance, the way couple/family typically interacts verbally or nonverbally Counselors may ask circular questions- focus attention on couple or family connections and highlight differences among members

Answer 63

initial session

Question 64

Explore new behaviors and take chances Types of change: First-order: superficial Second-order: structured rules are altered; the change hoped for in counseling Middle phase can be enhanced with homework-tasks to complete outside sessions OR psychoeducational assignments to learn more and interact together

Answer 64

middle phase

Question 65

couple/family, counselors or both may initiate termination In beginning termination, the counselor and C/F should ask themselves why they are entering this phase Counselor should make sure that the work the C/F has done is summarized and celebrated so the family feels more aware and stronger Termination also includes creating long-term goals, predicting setbacks, and follow-up

Answer 65

termination