Final Prep

Question 1

Cortisol pathways and regulation

Answer 1

hippocampus/gr receptor/ hypothalamus/ anterior pituitary/ crh/acth/adrenal gland/ cortisol

Question 2

resilience/adversity paper

Answer 2

individual and environmental aspects

Question 3

DSM

Answer 3

criteria / accuracy / Doggs reading / overdiagnosis of PTSD / memory is inconsistent / could be conflated w/ other conditions

Question 4

effect of decreasing GR receptors

Answer 4

GR receptors sense levels of cortisol, and shut down HPAxis when levels of cortisol are high. reduced receptors reduce inhibition and create an overactive stress response

Question 5

stress/ hippocampal volume

Answer 5

small hippo -> higher ptsd
stress -> reduced hippo
which is causal?
glucocoreroid cascade hypo - > stress is neurotoxic and smaller hippo means ptsd and more stress. Feedback loop- cyclical cascade

Question 6

stress innoculation

Answer 6

2000 people, cume life adversity, moderate but not minimal stress had enhanced resilience

Question 7

PSD-95 -> CACNG2(stargazin) -> AMPA receptors

Answer 7

stress inoculated monkeys had CACNG2 moderating PSD-95 expression

Question 8

epigentics

Answer 8

first unexposed generation is f2 - anything prior (f0 or f1) has been exposed (non-pregnant rat)

Question 9

epigenetics

Answer 9

first unexposed gen is f3 if rat is pregnant

Question 10

thrifty genotype

Answer 10

neil/gluckman - different models - adaptive and maladaptive environments

Question 11

de-acetylation -

Answer 11

of histones

Question 12

APO E 4

Answer 12

lipoprotein

Question 13

regions vulnerable to effects of aging

Answer 13

hippocampus and pre-frontal cortex

Question 14

main effect

Answer 14

average all points

Question 15

lectin secretion

Answer 15

eat less - satiety signal

Question 16

grelin

Answer 16

deficit signal - eat more