Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCM > Final- Look Over Midterm > Flashcards

Final- Look Over Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Where do you perform a needle decompression?

A

2nd ICS just superior to 3rd ICS at the midclavicular line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do you insert a chest tube?

A

4th ICS at mid axillary or anterior axillary line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where should the trachea be positioned? What is a cause of displacement?

A

Should be at midline

Lateral displacement due to tension pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some conditions in which fingernail clubbing occurs?

A

Heart disease, lung disease/cancer, cystic fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is tactile fremitus?

A

Palpable vibrations transmitted through bronchopulmonary tree to chest wall as someone speaks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some causes of decreased tactile fremitus?

A

COPD, pleural effusion, pneumothorax

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are some causes of increased tactile fremitus?

A

Pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How do you percuss for lower respiratory exam?

A

Percuss in a ladder pattern from upper left down the back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does dullness replace resonance with percussion?

A

When fluid or soft tissue replaces air filled lungs

Causes- pneumonia or pleural accumulation of substances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When will you hear hyperresonance with percussion of lower resp exam?

A

With COPD and asthma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is diaphragmatic excursion? What is a normal finding?

A

Finding the difference in the level of dullness during expiration and inspiration
SHould be 3-5 cm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 normal breathing sounds heart with auscultation?

A

Vesicular
Bronchovesicular
Bronchial
Tracheal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where do you hear vesicular breath sounds?

A

Heart with inspiration over most of the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where do you hear bronchovesicular breath sounds?

A

Heard in inspiration and expiration in the 1st and 2nd ICS anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do you hear bronchial breath sounds?

A

Heard during expiration over manubrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where do you hear tracheal breath sounds?

A

Over the trachea

17
Q

What are some adventitious breath sounds?

A

Crackles/rales
Wheezes- associated with COPD and asthma
Rhonchi
Stridor- wheeze during inspiration, tracheal obstruction, treat ASAP

18
Q

What is bronchophony?

A

When listening to lungs have patient say 99

Will sound loud and clear

19
Q

What is egophony?

A

Have patient make EEE sound

Will sound less like EEE and more like AYYY

20
Q

What is whispered pectoriloquy?

A

Have patient whisper 99 and it will sound louder and clearer than expected

21
Q

What is the order for PE of lower resp?

A

Inspect, palpate, percuss, auscultate

22
Q

What are the 5 fingers of normal heart exam?

A

History, physical, ECG, x-ray, lab tests

23
Q

What are the 4 locations of auscultation for heart sounds?

A

Aortic Valve- 2nd ICS on R SB
Pulmonary Valve- 2nd ICS on L SB
Tricuspid Valve- 4th ICS on L SB
Mitral Valve- 5th ICS at L mid-clavicular line

24
Q

What are the 4 heart sounds?

A

S1- heard when AV valves close
S2- heart when SL valves close
S3- heart after rapid filling of atria due to rapid deceleration
S4- heart when atria contract against stiff ventricles

25
Q

How do you grade a murmur?

A

1-3- increasing vol WITHOUT THRILL
4-6- increasing vol WITH THRILL
6- can hear with stethoscope off chest

26
Q

When inspecting the chest are 3 abnormalities?

A

Pectus carinatum- pigeon chest
Pectus excavatum- funnel chest
Barrel chest- COPD increased A/P diameter

27
Q

How do you access point of maximal impulse?

A

Have patient left lateral recumbent

Palpate at left 4th ICS at midclavicular line just inferior to nipple

28
Q

How do you great peripheral pulses?

A 
0- absent
1- faint
2- normal
3- strong
4- bounding
29
Q

Where can you test for edema?

A

Anterior tibia
Dorsum of foot
Posterior to medial malleolus

30
Q

How do you grade edema?

A 
0- absent
1- barely detectable
2- 10-15 seconds
3- more than a minute
4- more than 2 minutes
31
Q

How do you measure JVP? What is considered normal? What is a common cause of elevated JVP?

A

Have patient lie supine to allow veins to enlarge, then raise to 45 degrees, measure from JV to suprasternal notch then add 5
Normal is 0-9
Elevated JVP is associated with elevated RV diastolic pressure

32
Q

What is the cause of the A wave of JVP?

A

Caused by RA contraction

Increased with stenosis, PE, and pulmonary hypertension

33
Q

What is the cause of the C wave of JVP?

A

Caused by AV valves closing which reflects pressure back into the jugular

34
Q

What is the V wave of JVP?

A

Represents passive atrial filling which increase atrial pressure which reflects into jugular vein

PCM (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions