Final Grammar Flashcards
GEN. value
verb of evaluation or estimation + non-specific genitive
“a beast of nothing”
GEN. quality
genitive noun + adjective of some describing nature
“a man of great wisdom”
GEN. partitive
genitive that is a whole + noun that is a part
“part of the state”
GEN. objective
fear that Caesar has
“fear of Caesar”
GEN. subjective
fear that others have towards Caesar
“fear of Caesar”
GEN. charge
accusing verb + genitive is the thing that you are charged with
“I accuse you of tax evasion”
DAT. with compound verbs
compound verb + dative object
“my sales profited my income”
DAT. possession
form of sum + dative owner
“I have a house”
DAT. double dative
dative of reference + dative of purpose
“she is a help to her mother”
DAT. reference
indicates the person for whose advantage something is done
“I bake a cake for you”
DAT. agent (GOO)
gerundive of obligation + person
“Carthage must be destroyed by me”
ACC. time duration
cardinal number + accusative time word
“I walked for two minutes”
ACC. exclamation
whatever you shout out in the accusative
“O, tempora!”
ACC. respect
accusative, usually a body part
“having been struck by an arrow (with respect to his heel)”
ABL. time when
singular ablative time word + ordinal number
“Hercules killed the snake on the first day”
ABL. time within which
‘within’ + cardinal number + plural ablative time word
“Taylor performed within 4 hours”
ABL. means
object + free word (in, with, etc.), tangible
“I kill you with a sword”
ABL. manner
sometimes with a cum preposition + adverbial ablative, intangible
“Quintus ran with great speed”
ABL. accompaniment
sometimes with a cum preposition + person in ablative
“I walked with my friend”
ABL. price
cardinal number + coin in ablative
“with 2 dollars”
ABL. comparison
comparing noun in ablative
“Decimus is dumber than Quintus”
ABL. quality/description
ablative that describes a quality that something has
“Quintus is a man of great character”
ABL. separation
verb/adjective of being + intangible object + ‘free from’
“I’m free from worry”
ABL. agent
a/ab + person in ablative + passive verb
“Quintus was attacked by Decimus”
ABL. cause
ablative noun + ‘because of’
“because of the cat”
ABL. degree of difference
multo (by a lot) or paulo (by a little)
“It was more difficult by a lot”
ABL. place from which
a/ab, e/ex, de + tangible object in ablative
“he ran away from Rome”
ABL. place where
sub, in, pro, supra + tangible object in ablative
“he is in Rome”
CON. indirect statement
accusative + mind/mouth verb + infinitive + ‘that’
“Quintus said that you were tall”
CON. purpose clause
ut/ne subjunctive, answers ‘why?’
“Decimus went to school to beat up Quintus”
CON. result clause
qualifier + subjunctive + ut/ut non + ‘so… that’
“I am so tired that I am not able to work”
CON. fearing clause
word of fearing + ne/ut + subjunctive
“I feared that you would fall”
CON. indirect question
mind/mouth verb + question word + subjunctive
“I asked her if she would sing”
CON. indirect command
verb of order + ut/ne + subjunctive
“I ordered you to stop”
CON. gerund(ive) of purpose
‘ad’ + gerund/gerundive
“I go to the bank to get money”
CON. gerundive of obligation
‘ad’ + gerundive + passive form of sum
“Carthage must be destroyed”
CON. relative clause of characteristic
relative pronoun (who) + subjunctive
“he’s the type of guy who laughs at others’ misfortune”
CON. relative clause of purpose
relative pronoun + subjunctive
“I went to the store to buy bread”
CON. temporal cum clause
cum + indicative verb + ‘when’
“when I went to the store”
CON. concessive cum clause
cum + subjunctive verb + tamen in the main clause
“although I was tired, I nevertheless stood up”
CON. causal cum clause
cum + subjunctive + ‘since’
“since I went to the store”
CON. jussive/hortatory
subjunctive main verb + expresses wish + ‘let/may’
“let me leave now”
CON. optative
utinam (if only) + subjunctive main verb
“if only I had studied more”
CON. deliberative
question word + subjunctive main verb
“what should I say?”
CON. potential
subjunctive main verb that expresses possibility
“you could say that”
CON. ablative absolute
‘with’ + ablative + participle
“with Caesar having been killed”
OR ‘with’ + ablative + ablative
“with Caesar as king”
