Final Focused review Peds 65% Flashcards
This is off of her focused study guide she gave us and peds will make up 65% of the test
Fatal circulation
1) well oxygenated blood enters fetus from the placenta via the UMBILICAL VEIN
2) IVC has 3 sources
3) blood enters the RA from the IVC; better saturated blood enters LA via the FORAMEN OVALE
4) blood enter the LV and is ejected into the ASCENDING AORTA
5) returns to the heart via the SUPERIOR VENA CAVA and combines with the blood in the RA
6) enters RV and is ejected into the PULMONARY ARTERY, small amounts goes to the LUNGS the remainder shunted across the ductus arteriousus.
ductus venosus
shunts blood from the umbilical vein to inferior vena cava (bypassing liver
Foramen Ovale
Shunts blood from the RA to LA
ductus arteriousus
shunts blood from pulmonary artery to descending aorta. (bypassing lungs
Blood volumes ml/kg Preterm Infant 1-12 months 1-3 years 4-6 years 7-18 years adults
Preterm- 90-105 Infant- 78-86 1-12 months- 73-78 1-3 years-74-82 4-6 years- 80-86 7-18 years- 83-90 adults- 68-88
Fluid requirements Maintenance
4 mg/kg first 10kg
2 ml/kg for 2nd 10 kg
1 ml/kg after 20 kg
NPO guidlines
clear liquids- 2 hours
Breast milk 4 hours
Solids or infant formula 4-6 hours
braslow bag
bag of equipment that has all the emergency equipment needed, grouped by size of the pt.
-comes with a color coded measuring tape
With any pediatric equipment always have the size you think you’ll need then what?
a size larger and smaller
how to determine ETT size after the terrible 2’s
(16+yrs) / 4 (PEMDAS)
ETT sizes Newborns up to 12 months 12-18 months 2 y/o
Newborns- 3.0-3.5 mm up to 12 months- 3.5-4.0 mm 12-18 months- 4.0 mm 2 y/o- 4.5 or Deeeewaynes bad ass mother fucker way use the pinky
Use non cuffed tubes until what age?
5 or 6 years of age
leaks for non cuffed tubes should be tested to less than what?
30 cmH2O
another ppt stated 20-25 but that is still less than 30 just a heads up
How deep should you secure the tube
3 different ways
[12+ (yr/2)]
or ETT x 3
or black markings past VC
LMA sizes neonates up to 5 kg- Infants 5-10 kg- children 10-20 kg- children 20-30 kg- >30 kg-
neonates up to 5 kg- LMA 1 Infants 5-10 kg- LMA 1.5 children 10-20 kg- LMA 2 children 20-30 kg- LMA 2.5 >30 kg- LMA 3
Most common type of TEF
EA with TEF IIIb 85-90%
Omphalocele vs Gastroschisis
omphalocele
1) base of umbilicus
2) contained within sac
3) congenital
- trisomy 21
- cardiac Malform
- bladder Malform
- Diaphragmatic hernia
Gastroschisis
1) lateral to umbilicus
2) no hernia sac present (exp. contact)
3) no congenital abnormalities
diagnostic palpation findings for pyloric stenosis
olive size palpation in RUQ
Croup vs Epiglottitis
Croup
1) follows URI (viral)
2) 3 mo- 3 years
3) gradual onset (days)
4) subglottic (laryngeotracheobronchitis)
5) S/S
- low grade fever
- Croupy (seal bark) cough
- inspiraory stidor
- Rhinnorhea
Epiglottitis 1) BActerial (H. Influenza) 2) 2-6 yoa 3) sudden onset (hours) 4) Supraglottic (emergency) 5) S/S -low pitched insp stridor -drooling/ lethargic/ fever -restlessness/ tachypnea -sitting upright/ pharyngitis (leaning forward and drooling)
treatment for Croup
humidified O2
-Mist
- Racemic epi
Dexamethasone (IM/PO/ Neb)
treatment for epiglottitis
emergent unconsciuos -induce intubate in ER Urgent -to OR (NO DL until under GA) Stable - lat neck xray (thumb)
Normal VS HR and BP for ages AGE HR SYS DYS NB- 6mths- 12mth- 2y/o- 5y/o- 12y/o-
Normal VS HR and BP for ages AGE HR SYS DYS NB- 133 (18) 80 (16) 46 (16) 6mths- 120 (20) 89 (29) 60 (10) 12mth-120 (120) 96 (30) 66 (25) 2y/o- 105 (25) 99 (25) 64(25) 5y/o- 90 (10) 94 (14) 55 (9) 12y/o- 70 (17) 113 (18) 59 (10)
(X) means + or -
