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nephrology > final flex review > Flashcards

final flex review Flashcards

1
Q

severity of AKI is determined by what two things/

A

UO
Cr

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2
Q

2 most common causes for AKI

A

prerenal
ATN

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3
Q

what is the first indicator of AKI

A

UO (normal is 0.5mg/kg)

serum Cr takes full day to rise

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4
Q

what are 5 toxic causes of ATN

A

radiocontrast
aminoglycosides
pigment
cisplatinum
amphotericin B

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5
Q
  • interstitial inflammation; renal tubular cell injury
  • often hypersensitivity reaction to drugs
  • fever, rash, eosinophilia
  • NSAIDs can cause tubulointerstitial damage
A

interstitial nephritis

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6
Q

what 5 drugs can cause interstitial nephritis

A

abx
furosemide
dilantin
NSAIDs
PPI

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7
Q

RBC casts

A

glomerular damage–nephritic syndromes

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8
Q

WBC casts

A

inflammatory conditions
pyelonephritis
AIN
glomerulonephritis

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9
Q

Muddy brown casts

A

ATN

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10
Q

muddy brown casts

A

ATN

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11
Q

waxy/granular casts

A

CKD

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12
Q

epithelial casts

A

ATN
AIN
nephritic syndrome

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13
Q

doubling of serum Cr every day with hematuria and edema should make you think of

A

rapidly progressive glomerular nephritis

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14
Q
  • over 3.5g protein/day
  • low albumin
  • elevated lipids
  • edema
  • non-inflammatory
A

nephrotic syndrome

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15
Q
  • under 3.5g protein/d
  • hematuria
  • azotemia, oliguria, uremia
  • HTN +/- edema
  • inflammatory
A

nephritic syndrome

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16
Q

gold standard to make the dx between nephrotic and nephritic syndrome

A

kidney biopsy

17
Q
  • viral or parasitic infxn
  • acute tubule-interstitial nephropathy
A

disorders of nephritic syndrome

18
Q

tx for pyelonephritis

A

cipro x 14 days or admit for IV cipro

19
Q

young male w/ dysuria and penile discharge

A

urethritis
if under 35 test/treat for STI

20
Q

when do you tx asymptomatic bacteriuria

A

pregnancy
transplat
prior to TURP

21
Q

3 tx options for uncomplicated cystitis

A

TMP-SMX (Bactrim) DS 1 PO BID x 3 days
Nitrofurantoin 100mg PO BID x 5 days
Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 3 days

22
Q

complicated cystitis tx (4)

A

Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 7 days
TMP-SMZ 1 PO BID x7-10 days
Levofloxacin 750mg PO Q Day x 5 days
Augmentin 500/125mg PO TID x 10-14 days (pregnant)

23
Q

2 tx options for acute pyelo

A

Ciprofloxacin 500mg PO BID x 7 days
TMP-SMZ 1 PO BID x14 days

24
Q

tx for acute prostatitis

A

Ciprofloxacin 500 mg PO BID x 6 weeks
Levofloxacin 500 mg PO daily x 6 weeks
TMP-SMX one PO BID x 6 weeks

tx GC + chlamydia if sexually active

nephrology (13 decks)

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