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Ant Final > Final flashcards part 1 > Flashcards

Final flashcards part 1

1
Q

The median plane is the same as the __________.The median plane is the same as the __________.

A

midsagittal plane

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2
Q

Which system of the body forms blood cells?

A

Skeletal

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3
Q

The knee is ______ to the hip

A

distal

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4
Q

Visceral peritoneum covers the ______.

A

liver

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5
Q

Which set of orientation and directional terms is not a pair of anatomical opposites?Which set of orientation and directional terms is not a pair of anatomical opposites?

A

inferior : lateral

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6
Q

The right upper quadrant contains all or part of the __________.

A

liver, stomach, and gallbladder

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7
Q

Someone studying anatomy by the regional approach could study __________.Someone studying anatomy by the regional approach could study __________.

A

all the muscles, nerves, and blood vessels of individual areas of the body

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8
Q

The mediastinum contains ______.

A

the heart, esophagus, and trachea

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9
Q

Which substance is found between visceral serosa and parietal serosa of all serous cavities?

A

serous fluid

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10
Q

The assembly of proteins from amino acids by ribosomes is called:

A

translation

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11
Q

Phase in which cells are growing vigorously and are metabolically active.

A

G1

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12
Q

Phase in which chromosomes align at the middle of the cell.

A

Metaphase

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13
Q

When ring of contractile actin and myosin filaments constrict to pinch the cell into two daughter cells.

A

Cytokinesis

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14
Q

When centromeres of chromosomes split; each chromatid becomes a chromosome

A

Anaphase

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15
Q

Phase in which DNA replicates

A

S Phase

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16
Q

When mitotic spindle formation occurs, and fragmentation of the nuclear envelope occurs.

A

Prophase

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17
Q

Functionally, cells that connect body parts or cover and line organs include all of the following except__________.

A

Fat Cells

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18
Q

If a cell lacked lysosomes, what vital process would not occur?

A

digestion of unwanted substances by enzymes such as acid hydrolase

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19
Q

If we disrupt the microtubules of a cell, name one process that would be disrupted

A

Intracellular transport would be disrupted

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20
Q

How might we disrupt those microtubules?

A

Drugs*

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21
Q

The control center for the cell, which is responsible for transmitting genetic information and providing instructions for protein synthesis, is:

A

the nucleus

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22
Q

Which of the following are characteristic shapes of epithelial tissues?

A

columnar, cuboidal, and squamous

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23
Q

The functions of simple squamous epithelial tissues include which of the following:

A

diffusion, filtration, and secretion

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24
Q

Which muscle tissue type primarily occurs in walls of the digestive and urinary organs, the uterus, and blood vessels?

A

smooth muscle

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25
Q

Hyaline cartilage is distinguished from other types of cartilage by what characteristic(s)?

A

Its collagen fibers are imperceptible

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26
Q

Which cell type secretes the fibers of areolar connective tissue?

A

Fibroblast

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27
Q

The primary role of transitional epithelial tissue is

A

Strectching

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28
Q

Gastric glands are of which type?

A

simple branched tubular

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29
Q

What is true of all epidermal cell layers superficial to the stratum granulosum?

A

They are dead.

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30
Q

What is the “Rule of Nines”?

A

a quick way to determine how much of the skin’s surface has been burned

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31
Q

Which type of cell is found in all layers of the epidermis?

A

keratinocytes

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32
Q

Pre-keratin filaments are abundantly found in which epidermal stratum?

A

stratum granulosum

33
Q

This type of skin cancer is marked by asymmetry, irregular border, color (pigmentation) and diameter larger than a pencil eraser

A

Melanoma

34
Q

How worrisome is that type of skin cancer?

A

It is the most Aggesive

35
Q

Sebaceous glands are simple branched alveolar glands with several alveoli opening into a simple duct, but the alveoli are actually filled with cells, so there is no lumen. True or False

A

TRUE

36
Q

the body hair of women and children is of what type?

A

vellus

37
Q

What is the importance of the perichondrium that surrounds cartilage?

A

It functions in growth and repair of cartilage and It resists outward expansion when cartilage is subjected to pressure

38
Q

Put the steps of intramembranous ossification in the correct order

A

3142

39
Q

Cartiliage types: glassy, imperceptible collagen fiber

A

hyaline cartilage

40
Q

Cartiliage types: annulus fibrosus of intervertebral discs and meniscus

A

fibrocartilage

41
Q

Cartiliage types: tolerates repeated bending

A

elastic cartilage

42
Q

After secondary ossification centers have appeared in endochondral bone, where are the only places that hyaline cartilage remains?

A

epiphyseal plates and articular cartilage

43
Q

The child of an acquaintance suffers pain when weight is placed on affected bones, accompanied by weakened and bowed leg bones. What is a possible diagnosis, and why does this condition occur?

A

Rickets

44
Q

The epiglottis consists of which type of tissue?

A

elastic cartilage

45
Q

Put the stages of bone healing in order.

A

Hematoma, Internal callus, Bony callus of spongy bone, Bone remodeling

46
Q

Cartilage-forming cells in the perichondrium actively secrete matrix in a process called

A

appositional growth

47
Q

Most of the articulation of which structures enable the head to nod up and down (that is, to nod “yes”)?

A

occcipital condyles and superior articular facets of the atlas vertebra C1

48
Q

Which of the above is the principal articulation that allows you to shake your head “no”?

A

inferior articular facets of the atlas vertebra C1 and the dens of the axis vertebra C2

49
Q

Mastoid air cells are located in the mastoid process of the ________________

A

Temporal bone

50
Q

What does your book identify as the purpose of the sutural bones? Are they the same in different individuals?

A

The purpose is unknown, same individuals don’t have them, they are typically in the sutures.

51
Q

The posterior longitudinal ligament functions in __________.

A

preventing hyperflexion

52
Q

Peter was born with a condition where the soles of his feet turn medially and the toes point inferiorly. What condition is this, and what is the probable cause? Are there treatments for this condition?

A

This is club feet and is caused by the feet turning inward and down. A surgrey would fix this but in same sounmes the surgery istn’t as easily availble.

53
Q

Which statement best describes the ease of movement of lower versus upper limbs?

A

Lower limbs are more stable, and they have less freedom of movement

54
Q

Which feature of the ulna is separated from the bones of the wrist by a disc of fibrocartilage but plays little or no role in hand movements?

A

head of unlna and styloid process

55
Q

The _________________, during childhood, consists of three separate bones: ilium, ischium and pubis

A

Pelvis

56
Q

The largest bone of the human body is the ______________________. Would the same be true of a dog? Explain.

A

Femur: no they do not stand uprite so their legs are short compaired to the rest of their body.

57
Q

Gomphoses, sutures, and syndesmoses __________.

A

are all types of fibrous joints

58
Q

Structures common to all synovial joints are __________. Select all answers that are correct

A

nerves, blood vessels, and articular cartilage

59
Q

In which joints are articulating surfaces a major contributor to joint stability?

A

Elbow joint, hip joint

60
Q

type of movement: movement of a limb away from the body midline

A

Elevation

61
Q

type of movement: increases the angle between the joining bones

A

Abduction

62
Q

type of movement: turning the sole of the foot laterally

A

Extesion

63
Q

type of movement: movement of a limb or finger so it describes a cone in space

A

Exersion

64
Q

type of movement: rotating the forearm so the palm faces posteriorly

A

Circumduction

65
Q

___ arthritis is a disorder characterized by uric acid buildup in body fluids and urate crystals precipitating in synovial membranes

A

Gout

66
Q

Which of the following is a syndesmosis?

A

the glenohumeral joint

67
Q

The metacarpophalangeal joint allows which of the following movements?

A

flexion of fingers

68
Q

Which of the following are important similarities among skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle?

A

All three depend on myofilaments for contraction and their plasma membrane is called a sarcolemma

69
Q

Endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium __________.

A

Are each continous with tendons, Are the connective tissue sheaths around skeletal muscle fibers, muscle sascicles, and whole muscle, respectively.

70
Q

Slow oxidative muscle fibers ____________.

A

have abundant myoglobin and numerous mitochondria, are prevalent in postural muscles of the back.

71
Q

T tubules ____________.

A

are deep invaginations of the sarcolemma, conduct impulses into the deepest region of muscle fibers

72
Q

Third-class levers always______

A

Third-class levers always operate at a mechanical disadvantage

73
Q

the levator scapulae is a muscle that is named for its ____________.

A

location , Action

74
Q

class of fascicle arrangement: Extensor digitorum longus(leg)

A

Unipennate

75
Q

class of fascicle arrangement: Rectus Femoris

A

Bipennate

76
Q

class of fascicle arrangement: Biceps brachii

A

Parallel

77
Q

class of fascicle arrangement: Pectorallis Major

A

Convergent

78
Q

________are muscles that help the prime mover by adding force or reducing undesirable movements that the prime mover produces

A

Synergist

Ant Final (2 decks)

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