Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharm > FINAL FALL 14 > Flashcards

FINAL FALL 14 Flashcards

1
Q 
In geriatrics, what happens to:
gastric pH?
dermal absorption?
IM absorption?
distribution of water/lipid soluble?
renal clearance?
liver mass?
A 
pH- incr
derm- inc
IM- dec
water soluble- dec
lipid soluble- inc
renal- dec
liver- dec (so dec in enzymes that degrade)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which vitamins/minerals are decreased in geriatrics?

A

Fe, VitB12, Ca

metformin inc risk of B12 deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens to the half life of sedatives? opioids? phenytoin? propranolol? p-glycoprotein?

A 
increases (lipid soluble)
increases (clearance reduced)
inc (dec albumin)
dec
dec so higher brain concentration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In pediatrics, what physiologic changes occur in enzyme activity in neonates v young kids? GFR?

A

dec enzyme capacity in neonate but inc in young kids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the dose for ibuprofen and tylenol?

A

ibuprofen (6-10 mg/kg q 6 hrs)

tylenol (10-15 mg/kg q 4 hrs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the most common causes for meningitis newborn-1mo? 1 mo to 4 years?

A

neonate- group B strep, e coli, listeria

young kid- strep pneumo, hflu, n. meningitidis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the treatments for bacterial meningitis?

A

neonate- Ampicillin + Cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone or amnioglycoside)
young kid- Vancomycin + Cefotaxime (or ceftriaxone)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do you have to remember about codeine and morphine in kids?

A

no anti-inflammatory after tonsillectomy- need to alternate with ibuprofen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is a side effect of meperidine

A

seizures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the anticholingerics on Beers criteria? advice?

A

hydroxyzine and promethazine

avoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the antiparkinson agents on Beers criteria? advice?

A

benztropine

avoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the antispasmodics on Beers criteria? advice?

A

scopolamine

avoid except in short term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the anti infectives on Beers criteria? advice?

A

nitrofuratoin

avoid long term and if CrCl <60

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the cardiovascular agents on Beers criteria? advice?

A 
alpha blockers (clonidine, doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin)
avoid d/t risk for orthostatic hypotension
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does Beers criteria say about benzos and barbituates? non-benzo sedatives?

A

avoid
but can use benzos for anxiety short term
zolpidem- use less than 90 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does Beers criteria say about E and P?

A

avoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What does Beers criteria say about mm relaxants?

A

avoid

carisoprodol, cyclobenzaprine, metaxalone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Which organisms are involved in kids for peritonitis?

A

e coli, group A strep, pneumococci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What organisms are involved in cirrhotic ascites for peritonitis? dialysis?

A

-e coli, klebsiella, pneumococci
(cefotaxime-3rd)
-ecoli, klebsiella, pseudomonas, staph aureus, strep
(cefazolin-1st + ceftazidime-3rd or cefepime-4th)

20
Q

What organisms are involved in gastroduodenal?

A

e coli, strep

1st gen ceph

21
Q

What organisms are involved in biliary tract?

A

e coli
klebsiella
enterococci
clost, bact

22
Q

What organisms are involved in bowels?

A

e coli
klebsiella
proteus
clost, bact

23
Q

What organisms are involved in appendicitis? abscess?

A
  • e coli, pseudomonas, bacteroides

- e coli, kleb, entero, bacteroides, clostrid (same as for biliary tract)

24
Q

What organisms are involved in liver? spleen?

A

-e coli, kleb, entero, staph, amoeba
-staph, strep
both (same as general abscess but +aminoglycoside and PCN resistant PCN)

25
Q

What covers e.coli (gram-)?

A

2nd or 3rd gen ceph

26
Q

Which agents for CA mild to mod?

A

unasyn, timentin, ertapenem,
cefazolin-1st or cefuroxime-2nd + metro
cipro, levo, moxi +metro

27
Q

Which agents for CA severe?

A

zosyn, imipenem, meropenem
3rd or 4th gen ceph + metro
cipro + metro
aztreonam +metro

28
Q

Tx for abscess?

A

imipenem, meropenem, entrapenem

ext spectrum beta lactamase inhibitors

29
Q

Tx for appendicits?

A

anti-anaerobic cephalosporin (cephamycins)

30
Q

Tx for PID?

A

clindamycin + gentamycin

cipro+doxy+metro

31
Q

tx travelers diarrhea

A

azithro, cipro, levo, or rifaximin

32
Q

tx cholera? shigella?

A

doxy

azithro

33
Q

tx for e coli?
tx for salmonella?
tx for campylobacter?

A

azithro, cipro, levo, rifaximin,
azithro, cipro, bactrim
azithro, erythro

34
Q

tx c diff complicated?

uncomplicated?

A

oral vanco or IV metro

oral vanco or oral metro

35
Q

What is the first choice for treating strep penumo?

A

PCN S- PCN G or ampicillin
PCN int- Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone
PCN R- Vanco+ cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

36
Q

What are the first choice and alternatives for treating group B strep?

A

PCN G or Ampicillin + Gentamycin (ceftriaxone or ceftaxime)

37
Q

What is the first choice for treating staph aureus?

A

S- nafciliin or oxacillin

R- vanco

38
Q

What are the first choice and alternatives for treating Staph epidermidis?

A

vanco (linezolid)

39
Q

What is the first choice for treating listeria?

A

PCN G or Ampicillin + Gentamycin

40
Q

What is the first choicefor treating N. meningitis?

A

S- PCN G or Ampicillin

R- Cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

41
Q

What is the first choice for treating hflu?

A

B lactamase negative- ampicillin

B lactamase positive- cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

42
Q

Alternatives for treating Hflu?

A

B lactamase negative- cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefepime, FQ

B lactamase positive- cefepime, FQ

43
Q

Alternatives for treating N meningitis?

A

S- cefotaxime or ceftriaxone

R- meropenem, FQ

44
Q

Alternatives for treating listeria?

A

bactrim, meropenem

45
Q

Alternatives for treating staph a.?

A

S- vanco, meropenem

R- Bactrim, linezolid

46
Q

Alternatives for treating strep pneumo?

A

PCN S- cefotaxime or ceftiaxone
PCN int- cefepime, meropenem, moxi, linezolid
PCN R- cefepime, meropenem, moxi, linezolid

Pharm (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions