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Top 200 I (2020) > Final Exam Week 5 > Flashcards

Final Exam Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

statins

A 
atorvastatin = lipitor
atorvastatin/amlodipine = caduet
ezetimibe/simvastatin = vytorin
lovastatin = mevacor, altoprev
pravastatin = pravachol
rosuvastatin = crestor
simvastatin = zocor
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2
Q

atorvastatin

A

lipitor

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3
Q

atorvastatin/amlodipine

A

caduet

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4
Q

ezetimibe/simvastatin

A

vytorin

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5
Q

lovastatin

A

mevacor, altoprev

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6
Q

pravastatin

A

pravachol

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7
Q

rosuvastatin

A

crestor

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8
Q

simvastatin

A

zocor

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9
Q

statins indications

A
  • hyperlipidemia
  • primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
  • familial hypercholesterolemia
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10
Q

statins adverse effects

A
  • muscle aches/pains (common in calf muscle)
  • elevated liver enzymes
  • elevated blood glucose
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11
Q

statins drug interactions

A
  • gemfibrozil (atorvastatin, pravastatin, rosuvastatin, simvastatin) = increased risk of muscle ache
  • warfarin (rosuvastatin, simvastatin) = increased risk of bleeding
  • CCBs (simvastatin, lovastatin) = maximum doses for interacting drugs
  • macrolide antibiotics (simvastatin, lovastatin, atorvastatin) = stop statin while taking antibiotic
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12
Q

statins patient counseling points

A
  • risk of muscle aches
  • do not use with red yeast rice (cholesterol control)
  • importance of contraception
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13
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitors

A
  • ezetimibe = zetia

- ezetimibe/simvastatin = vytorin

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14
Q

ezetimibe

A

zetia

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15
Q

ezetimibe/simvastatin

A

vytorin

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16
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitors indications

A
  • hyperlipidemia
  • familial hypercholesterolemia
  • homozygous sitosterolemia
17
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitors adverse effects

A
  • GI (diarrhea, bloating)

- Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

18
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitors drug interactions

A
  • bile acid sequestrant (bind ezetimibe - administer ezetimibe 2 hours before or 4 hours after)
  • fibrates (risk of myopathy and gallstones - avoid (especially gemfibrozil)
19
Q

Cholesterol Absorption inhibitors patient counseling

A
  • report signs of vomiting, nausea, abdominal pain, or change in appetite (possible sign of gallstone)
  • take at the same time every day
20
Q

fibrates

A

fenofibrate (lipofen, tricor)

21
Q

fenofibrate

A

lipofen, tricor

22
Q

fibrates indications

A

hypertriglyceridemia

23
Q

fibrates adverse effects

A
  • GI-dyspepsia (indigestion), diarrhea, constipation, nausea
  • abnormal liver function tests
  • myopathy
24
Q

fibrates drug interactions

A
  • statins (risk is greater with gemfibrozil)
  • cholesterol absorption inhibitors
  • warfarin
25
Q

fibrates patient counseling

A
  • take 30 min before meals

- avoid alcohol

26
Q

water-soluble vitamins

A

niacin = Niaspan, slo-niacin

27
Q

water soluble vitamins indications

A
  • dyslipidemia

- extremely elevated triglycerides

28
Q

water soluble vitamins adverse effects

A
  • flushing/edema (common with IR - pretreat with aspirin 325 mg 30 min before taking Niacin)
  • elevated blood glucose
  • elevated uric acid
  • GI distress
29
Q

water soluble vitamins drug interactions

A
  • separate from bile acid sequestrants (take niacin 1 hour before or 4-6 hours after)
30
Q

is niacin (niaspan, slo-niacin) OTC?

A

yes

31
Q

water soluble vitamins patient counseling

A
  • swallow tablets whole
  • pretreat with aspirin or ibuprofen
  • flushing can be worsened by hot showers, beverages or foods
32
Q

omega-3 fatty acids

A

lovaza, vascepa

33
Q

are omega-3 fatty acids (lovaza, vascepa) available OTC?

A

yes

34
Q

omega-3 fatty acids indications

A
  • dietary supplement

- hypertriglyceridemia

35
Q

omega-3 fatty acids adverse effects

A
  • belching
  • fishy aftertaste
  • GI irritation
36
Q

omega-3 fatty acids drug interactions

A
  • antiplatelet medication

- warfarin

37
Q

omega-3 fatty acids patient counseling

A
  • fishing burp can be minimized by using Rx products and freezing caplets
  • review EPA and DHA contents vs fish oil concentrations in OTC products

Top 200 I (2020) (5 decks)

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