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Invertebrate Zoology > Final Exam - True or False Section > Flashcards

Final Exam - True or False Section Flashcards

1
Q

Phoronids often crawl out of their tubes and deposit feed on the surface of the mud.

A

False

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2
Q

Spoon worms (Echiurans) often suspension feed by elevating their proboscis up above the bottom.

A

False

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3
Q

Podocytes are cells that gather wastes from the bloodstream and empty the wastes into the coelomic fluid.

A

False

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4
Q

Pedicellariae are pinchers that sea stars use to grab their prey and cut them open.

A

False

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5
Q

Fossil echinoderms were all pentaradial, just as modern living echinoderms are.

A

False

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6
Q

Bryozoans have a lengthy fossil record dating back many hundreds of millions of years.

A

True

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7
Q

Arthropod fossil trilobites have been encountered which show molting in process (mid-way through).

A

True

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8
Q

An extensive fossil record of segmented Annelid worms dates back over 500 million years.

A

True

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9
Q

Brachiopods use a hinge ligament to open their shell valves, just like bivalves do.

A

False

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10
Q

The larvae of all Bryozoans feed in the plankton for weeks, and hence are planktotrophic.

A

False

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11
Q

Some Bryozoans (especially those in the Class Stenolaemata) clone their embryos via a process called polyembryony.

A

True

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12
Q

The phylum Bryozoa used to be known as the phylum Ectoprocta, because their anus is at the center of their circular lophophore.

A

False

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13
Q

All Bryozoan species are polymorphic.

A

False

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14
Q

Inarticulate brachiopods often speak to the public, but are not good at doing so.

A

False

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15
Q

All lophophorate phyla living today are clearly and unequivocally evolved from a single common ancestor.

A

False

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16
Q

All sea cucumbers are suspension feeders.

A

False

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17
Q

Some brittle stars are surface deposit feeders.

A

True

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18
Q

Most sea stars are predators.

A

True

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19
Q

All sea star species are keystone species.

A

F

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20
Q

The madreporite of a sea cucumber is located internally.

A

True

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21
Q

Statoblasts, in freshwater Bryozoans, are very reminiscent of the gemmules of freshwater sponges.

A

True

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22
Q

Brittle Sea Stars (Ophiuroidea) always use tube feet for slow and steady movements.

A

False

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23
Q

The madreporite in echinoderms is where water enters their water vascular system.

A

True

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24
Q

Sea Star Wasting Disease (SSWD) can be prevented by boiling the viruses in the water it lives in, to kill them.

A

False

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25
Q

Sea cucumbers breathe through their anus.

A

True

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26
Q

All Echinoderms are pentaradially symmetrical in each of their life stages (adult & larva), with few exceptions.

A
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27
Q

Lophophores are homologous to the gastrozooids of certain hydrozoans.

A

False

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28
Q

All colonies in the class Gymnolaemata are polymorphic.

A

False

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29
Q

Brachiopods have muscles that open and close their shell valves.

A

True

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30
Q

Chitons have calcareous spines along their girdle and have no sensory organs to detect light.

A

False

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31
Q

All mollusks have an open circulatory system.

32
Q

Obelia medusae have a velum.

33
Q

Obelia has no medusa phase.

34
Q

All Cephalopods lack a shell or have a reduced shell.

35
Q

Echinoderm adults and larvae both exhibit pentaradial symmetry.

36
Q

All members of Phylum Echinodermata have a madreporite on the aboral surface.

37
Q

Cl. Concentricycloidea (Sea Daisies) have the largest number of species when compared to the other classes in the Phylum Echinodermata.

38
Q

All echinoderms have “pinchers” (pedicellariae).

39
Q

Zooid specializations like Avicularia or Vibracula are found exclusively in the class Phylactolaemata.

40
Q

All lophophorates are suspension feeders.

41
Q

All Echinoderms lack a centralized brain AND ganglia, but do have a three part nervous system.

42
Q

All Echinoderms have an Aristotle’s Lantern for feeding.

43
Q

Larvacean, Sea Squirt, and Tunicate are all different names for the same marine organism.

44
Q

Phylum Hemichordata has a notochord.

45
Q

Sea stars use their tube feet to open a sea urchin and use their cardiac stomach to dissolve the sea urchin and then ingest the contents.

46
Q

Sand dollars are suspension feeders.

47
Q

All vertebrates are chordates but not all chordates are vertebrates.

48
Q

Echinoderms have pentaradial symmetry through ALL of their life stages.

49
Q

Some sea squirt species are predators that will eat small crustaceans.

50
Q

Which phyla below possess a proboscis?
Nematoda
Mollusca
Annelida
Arthropods
Echinoderms
All of the above except E

A

All of the above

51
Q

What phylum is characterized by having a segmented body, jointed appendages, and an exoskeleton made out of chitin?
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Cnidaria
Echinodermata

A

Arthropoda

52
Q

Which of the following phyla are protostomes?
Nemertea
Platyhelminthes
Cnidaria
Echinodermata
Arthropoda
Both D & E above
None of the above

53
Q

The group Lophotrochozoa include(s) which of the phyla below?
Phylum Mollusca
Phylum Annelida
Phylum Tardigrada
Phylum Phoronida
A, B, and C
A, B, and D

54
Q

Which of the following groups used to be placed in phylum Mollusca?
Class Polyplacophora
Phylum Brachiopoda
Class Branchiopoda
Infraclass Thoracica

A

Class Polyplacophora

55
Q

Which classes are in Phylum Echinodermata?
Crinoidea
Ascideacea
Holothuroidea
Asteroidea

A

Crinoidea, Holothuroidea, Asteroidea

56
Q

Which class of Echinoderms has it’s madreporite on the oral side?
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
a & c
Madreporites are only found on the aboral side

57
Q

Brachiopods are usually attached to hard surfaces by what body feature?
Pedicle
Valve hinge
Avicularia
Vibracula
All of the following

58
Q

The Crown of Thorns Sea Star is a voracious predator that consumes_____?
Hydroids
Bryozoans
Corals
Sea Urchins
All of the following

A

All of the following

59
Q

What type of sponge cell is responsible for capturing food particles?
Amebocyte
Cnidocyte
Choanocyte
Porocyte
All of the above
A and B only

A

Chanocytes

60
Q

Which of the following is a shared characteristic between Hemichordates and Nemerteans?
Suspension feeding
Retractable proboscis
Predators
Vermiform

A

Retractable proboscis

61
Q

What is the correct order to put these life stages of a Scyphozoan?
planula, ephyra, strobila, medusa
strobila, planula, ephyra, medusa
medusa, ephyra, strobila, planula
planula, strobila, ephyra, medusa

A

planula, ephyra, strobila, medusa

62
Q

A hydrostatic skeleton is used by which of these animals in order to move?
Flatworms
Starfish
Sea Cucumbers
All of the above
A and B only
A and C only

A

All of the above

63
Q

What’s the difference between an incomplete vs complete digestive track? Which of the following groups have a complete digestive track? (May be >1 answer)
Echinoderms
Platyhelminths
Cnidarians
Poriferans
Nematodes

A

Echinoderms, Nematodes

64
Q

Which of these is a modified zooid resembling a bird’s head which functions to protect a bryozoan colony?
Vibraculum
Avicularium
Lophophore
Zooecium
Funiculus

A

Avicularium

65
Q

Which of these phyla shed an outer cuticle?
Onychophora
Tardigrada
Arthropoda
Nemertea
All of the above

A

All of the above

66
Q

Reynold’s number is in reference to what forces: (choose two)
Internal force
External force
Viscous force
Inertia
Velocity

A

Viscous force and inertia

67
Q

Which of the following is true about Echinoderms?
They have a lophophore
All species within this phyla share a larval stage
They undergo protostome development
They have a water vascular system

A

They have a water vascular system

68
Q

Which of the following phyla (plural form of the term) are known for having radial symmetry, a water vascular system, and tube feet?
Lophophorata
Echinodermata
Chordata
Phoronida
Brachiopoda

A

Echinodermata

69
Q

Which of the following states the way in which the respiratory system of arthropods and mollusks differ.
Some molluscs have gills, while some arthropods have tracheae
Some molluscs have tracheae, while some arthropods have gills
Some molluscs use their spicules , while arthropods use book lungs
None of the above

A

Some molluscs have gills, while some arthropods have tracheae

70
Q

What are two structures a sea star would use to acquire and then ingest a mussel?
Madreporite and cardiac stomach
Tube feet and madreporite
Tube feet and cardiac stomach
Pyloric stomach and cardiac stomach

A

Tube feet and cardiac stomach

71
Q

Which of the following are classes of echinoderms that have their madreporite on the Aboral surface?
Holothuroidea
Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Crinoidea

A

Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea

72
Q

Which of the following phyla contain species that are predators?
Cnidaria
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Arthropoda
All of the above
Answers A, C and D above
Answers B-D above
Answers A & D above

A

Cnidaria, Arthropoda

73
Q

Which of the following phyla contain species that are deposit feeders?
Platyhelminthes
Annelida
Echinodermata
All of the above
Answers B & C above
Answers A & C above

A

Annelida
Echinodermata

74
Q

Which of the following features do Prostostomes have?
Blastopore that becomes the mouth
Radial cleavage
Mosaic development
Mesoderm developing via Schizocoely to line the coelom
All of the above
Answers A, C and D above
Answers A, B and C above

A

Blastopore that becomes the mouth
Radial cleavage
Mosaic development

75
Q

Which of the following phyla are Deuterostomes?
Nemertea
Platyhelminthes
Cnidaria
Echinodermata
Arthropoda
Both D & E above
None of the above

A

Echinodermata
Arthropoda

76
Q

Which of the following taxa feed with a lophophore?
Onychophora
Platyhelminthes
Ctenophora
Nemertea
Crustacea
Bryozoa
Phoronida
Brachiopoda

77
Q

Which of the following phyla contain species which are vermiform?
A. Nemertea
B. Annelida
C. Mollusca
D. Cnidaria
E. All of the above
F. Answers A-C above

Invertebrate Zoology (4 decks)

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