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Womens Health > Final Exam - Study Guide > Flashcards

Final Exam - Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

What does H.I.V. mean?

A

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

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2
Q

What is S.I.V. (Simian Immunodeficiency Virus)

A

Ancestor of HIV

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3
Q

What is Zoonosis

A

Jumps most likely occurred as populations grew and people had to venture deeper into forest for food, including primates for bush meat.

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4
Q

What 4 Factors leading to early HIV/AIDS Epidemic

A

Growth of colonial cities, population density and urban migration, Larger sexual networks, Prostitution.

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5
Q

When where syringes mass produced, and reused against smallpox, polio, syphilis?

A

1920s -1950s

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6
Q

What does Haiti have to do with aids globalization?

A

Infected Haitian UN workers returning home from congo brought strain of HIV to Haiti.

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7
Q

How did aids go from Haiti to to United States?

A

From Tourism

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8
Q

How long has HIV in south Africa been around before people knew about it?

A

8 decades

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9
Q

What is high HIV prevalence not due to in Africa?

A

African Promiscuity, Exotic sexual African practices

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10
Q

What are masculine individual traits seen as?

A

Hegemonic in the U.S.

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11
Q

What is Act Up?

A

Aids Coalition to unleash power, want change, trying to get it.

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12
Q

What did Act Up try to make faster in the late 80’s?

A

Make drug companies produce their drugs faster, because people were dyeing.

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13
Q

What were the different agendas Act up had?

A

Drug development, prevention, women and aids, social structure, art and culture.

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14
Q

Who is Zackie Achmat?

A

Gay son, Burnt down his school to protest educational policies.

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15
Q

What did Zackie Achmat found?

A

National Coalition for Gay and Lesbian Equality

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16
Q

What is T.A.C?

A

Treatment action campaign

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17
Q

TAC expands activism by what two fronts?

A
  1. Continue to pressure pharmaceutical companies with much success and global support
  2. Fight South African government in streets and courts, with very limited success.
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18
Q

What are three parts of the world with the most deforestation?

A

South America, South Africa, and China.

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19
Q

Where is the most air pollution in the world?

A

China

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20
Q

Does Africa have problems with death due to solid fuel use?

A

Yes a very big one.

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21
Q

What percentage are all global deaths linked to the environment?

A

23%

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22
Q

What is the jabot fishing system?

A

Women give sex for fish, at lake victoria.

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23
Q

Who is Wangari Maathai

A

Helped women grow trees.

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24
Q

How does the ‘World Health Organization’ view female circumcision?

A

They call it female genital mutilation, they think it is really bad.

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25
Q

How many classes of female mutilation are there?

A

4 types.

26
Q

What is the first type of female mutilation?

A

Partial or total removal of the clitoris.

27
Q

What is type 2 female mutilation?

A

Partial or total removal of the clitoris and the labia minora

28
Q

What is type 3 female mutilation?

A

Narrowing the vaginal orifice with creation of a covering seal by cutting and apportioning the labia minora without excision of clitoris.

29
Q

What is type 4 female mutilation?

A

All other harmful procedures to the female genitalia for non-medial purposes. (Ex - Pricking, piercing, incising, scraping.

30
Q

What are the most common short term consequences of FGM?

A

Sever pain, excessive bleeding, difficulty in passing urin, pain, infections.

31
Q

What three countries have a large amount of women with FGM?

A

Egypt, Ethiopia, Nigeria, and others.

32
Q

Where in the world is FGM most prevalent?

A

Upper Middle Africa, from west to east.

33
Q

Has there been an overall decline of FGM?

A

yes

34
Q

What is the cultural argument of female mutilation according to Fuambai Ahmadu?

A

In fact it is the celebration of female sexuality.

35
Q

What is the health risk argument of Female Mutilation according to Fuambai Ahmadu?

A

Claims risks are exaggerated.

36
Q

What is the female pleasure argument according to Fuambai Ahmadu?

A

Positive impact on sexual pleasure.

37
Q

What is Ethnocentrism?

A

Uncritical western liberal assumptions about what is best.

38
Q

What were the key points from the group presentation ‘Menstrual Health in Sub-Saharan Africa’?

A

They need more Education and awareness, Affordable feminine product, Sanitation, Policy.

39
Q

What were the key points from the group presentation ‘Technology, dating culture and women in India’?

A

India has always been a country where arranged marriages happen, Now Tinder is coming out and more young people are dating more than ever in India.

40
Q

What were the key points in the group presentation ‘Refugee Global Health’?

A

Places like Aleppo were obliterated by Isis, and as a result, hospitals, education, and food was obliterated. Refugees are pouring into other countries.

41
Q

What were the key points in the group presentation ‘Impotency in China’?

A

Erectile dysfunction caused by physical or physiological conditions. Lots of men in china have this because Globalization, traditional Chinese ideologies.

42
Q

What were the key points in the presentation ‘Lack of sex ed in China’?

A

No talk about menstruation, reinforces gender stereotypes, condoms only contraceptive choice.

43
Q

What were the key points in the presentation ‘Maquiladoras’?

A

Female factory workers in Mexico, health. Mainly u.s. owned countries.

44
Q

What was the reading ‘Why are HIV rates so high in Africa’ by Helen Epstein about?

A

Said that the idea the Africans have more sex than others in the world, and poor immune defenses to be false. Found that we should worry about the population as a whole, rather than just the high risk.

45
Q

What was the reading ‘Aids and masculinity in the African City’ about? our professor

A

Talks about how AIDS has little impact on masculinity sexual privilege, and more to do with if the man works, has income. And told the story of multiple different men.

46
Q

What was the reading ‘Between Individual Agency and Structure in HIV Prevention’ about by Susan Kippax?

A

Focuses on the middle ground between the focus of individual agency, which ignores the centrality of community, and the concept of vulnerability, which acknowledges the social world but social barriers make it difficult to act. Collective Agency is better.

47
Q

What was the reading ‘The AIDS Rebel’ by Samantha Power about?

A

Mentioned a man named Jackie that had a shirt on the said ‘HIV Positive’ because of a man but the name of Goemaere, that has a program meant to alleviate the shame africans have about being affected with H.I.V. They are trying to offer people the hope to live with the disease, rather than thinking you are going to have instant death. A drug strike by Achmat helped push for lower drug prices.

48
Q

What was the reading ‘A stubborn Disparity’ about by Sanyu Mojola?

A

Talks about the disparity between young women and men with HIV. points out how women in southern Africa has higher percentages of HIv, up to 40% than that of younger men. Points out how younger women have much more to loose than older men. Points out the fishing problems at lake Victoria.

49
Q

What was the reading ‘The Farmers of Yaounde’ about by Wangary Maathai?

A

Points out how African leaders should have invested more time in education about sustainability of the environment. And be more concerned with well being of its people. The writer saw a farmer farming on a hill, which is a horrible place to do so. They don’t know what they are doing.

50
Q

What is the reading ‘Disputing the myth of the sexual dysfunction of circumcised women’ by Fuambai Ahmadu?

A

Points out that the west cant imagine how women in Africa are ok with cutting genital flesh. Pushes how its against women rights. The writer points out that some women like it in the cultures she pointed out, and shouldn’t assume the rights against women. There is a duality, in the west, that male circumsision is ok but not female.

51
Q

What is the reading ‘The Art Of Social Change’ about by Kwame Anthony Appiah? -

A

Points out how christian missionaries went to china and tried to stop foot binding. Chinese families thought foot binding was a normal thing. Points out how sometimes its hard to get rid of traditions, when a large majority of the population doesn’t agree with the new conformities.

52
Q

What was the reading ‘Rape as a weapon of war’ about, by Sylvanna Falcon?

A

Says that the militarization of border control between the U.S. and Mexico bring Rape culture. A Majority of these rapes happened between 1989 and 1996. And rape cases didn’t really make it out to public because they would be interrogated.

53
Q

What was the reading ‘The honor of Shame’ about by Nicholas Kristof?

A

Talks about honor killings in the muslim world, where there are 5,000 honor killings a year. Honor killings is when a girl dishonors her family, by having sex, or not bleeding. Stupid shit.

54
Q

What was the reading ‘A movement for global health equity’ about, by Paul Farmer?

A

Points out how global health inequality is because of large scale forces perpetuating poverty. Where economic development can help people lift out of poverty and vulnerability.

55
Q

What is the prevalence in women being physically and sexually abused in the entire world?

A

1 in 3 women.

56
Q

What is the health impacts of women who are exposed to intimate partner violence?

A

Mental (Depression, Alcohol) Reproductive (Low weight baby, high risk of H.I.V.) Death and Injury.

57
Q

What is IMAGE?

A

the intervention for Microfinance and gender equity.

58
Q

After IMAGE in the areas where IMAGE is a thing, what percentage did partner violence go down?

A

55% after one year.

59
Q

What is SASA?

A

Tries to prevent women from violence and HIV. Enables communities to rethink social norms.

60
Q

Is the sexual violence in the congo one of the worst? and why?

A

Yes the sexual violence is the Congo is one of the worst, and has mostly to do with military groups, and or war.

61
Q

Who is Denis Mukwege?

A

A doctor that is known as an “Anti Rape” Doctor.

Womens Health (3 decks)

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