Final Exam Study Guide Flashcards
With resistance training, neural adaptations can be expected. Talk about one adaptation and the role is playing in muscle strength.
Improved motor unit synchronization which increases force production of the muscle.
Why there is a delay in muscle soreness occurrence?
Microtears in the muscle causes inflammation which causes soreness a few days after exercise.
How is called the volume of air a person is able to continue to expire after a normal expiration. When you add this to the residual lung volume you should get the …………. capacity.
Expiratory reserve volume; functional residual capacity
Describe the main differences between muscle spindles and golgi tendons.
Muscle spindles respond to stretching and cause a contraction. Golgi tendons respon to too much tension and result in muscle relaxation.
Describe the anatomy of a motor unit.
One motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
Why someone will have a lower blood pressure after exercise?
blood pools in extremities and less blood is getting back to the heart to be pumped.
Why lactic threshold is important for endurance?
It predicts submaximal fitness; higher lactic thresholds mean better endurance levels.
What is causing hypoxia during exercising at high altitude?
Decreased partial pressure of oxygen and less available oxygen to stick to hemoglobin.
Main effect of GH is seen with muscle build up. How GH affects the growth of the muscle?
GH stimulates tissue building and enhances fatty acid oxidation while slowing the breakdown of glucose and amino acids.
What is gluconeogenesis?
The synthesis of glucose from other non-carbohydrate substrates.
How sweat evaporation from skin can be increased?
Exercising in a non-humid environment (dry air).
How insulin can influence the exercise?
Insulin levels decrease during exercise so glucose can be mobilized and used as energy. Exercise increases insulin sensitivity. Too much insulin during exercise would cause hypoglycemia.
If you live at high altitude for few months, you would expect some adaptations. Describe 3 of them.
Increased pH, increase in blood’s oxygen carrying capacity, and more mitochondria for ATP production.
Where inside the cell, the oxidative metabolism is taking place?
Mitochondria
What is the role of angiotensin?
Causes vasoconstriction and increases blood pressure.
Explain the electrical conductivity system of the heart.
SA node -> AV node -> AV bundle of His -> Purkinje fibers
What is the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum?
Stores and releases calcium for muscle contraction
Which type of muscle contraction causes more DOMS?
Eccentric muscle contraction.
What makes the muscle bigger? Talk about two things.
Progressive overload with resistance training and protein synthesis outweighing protein breakdown.
What is the molecular basis of the statement fats burn in the flame of carbohydrates?
Carbohydrate levels decrease and oxaloacetate levels decrease causing fat catabolism to be reduced since the Kreb’s cycle cannot break down fatty acids without oxaloacetate.
