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KIN 210 Exercise Physiology > Final Exam Study > Flashcards

Final Exam Study Flashcards

1
Q

what 2 factors contribute to partial pressure of a gas in a mixture

A

% of concentration, and ambient barometric pressure (mmHg)

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2
Q

what are partial pressures of alveolar O2 and CO2 under normal conditions at sea level?

during heavy exercise?

A

PAO2 = 100mmHg

PACO2 = 40mmHg

during exercise
PAO2 = slight increase

PACO2 = decrease

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3
Q

what are partial pressures of arterial O2 and CO2 under normal conditions at sea level

during heavy exercise?

A

PaO2 = 95-100mmHg
(slightly lower than alveolar due to A-a oxygen difference)

PaCO2 = 40mmHg

during exercise
PaO2 = slight increase

PaCO2 = decrease

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4
Q

what are partial pressures of venous O2 and CO2 under normal conditions at sea level

during heavy exercise?

A

PvO2 = 40mmHg

PvCO2 = 45mmHg

during exercise
PvO2 = large decrease

PvCO2 = large decrease

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5
Q

what percent of CO2 is carried in each form in the blood stream

3 forms

A

70% bicarbonate

20% bound to Hb

10% dissolved in plasma

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6
Q

what causes the Bohr effect

A

The Bohr effect is a decrease in oxygen-hemoglobin association

increase in blood CO2 means lower pH, so oxygen is released from hemoglobin.
other factors are Increased temperature. Increased 2-3 Diphosphoglycerate as 2-3DPG competes for oxygen slots on hemoglobin

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7
Q

what as anatomical and physiological dead space

A

anatomical deadspace refers to air left in lung in areas that do not exchange gas (bronchi, etc)

physiological dead space is the TOTAL dead space in lungs, gas exchanging or not.

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8
Q

which parts of the brain contain the BREATHING centres

A

Pons and Medulla Oblongata

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9
Q

what does erythropoieten do

A

stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells

produced in kidneys

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10
Q

what do cytokines do

A

coordinate immune cell function

produced at white blood cells

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11
Q

what does glucagon do

A

causes liver to release glucose into the bloodstream

produces in pancreas

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12
Q

what does thyroxine do

A

regulates metabolic rate

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13
Q

what does leptin do

A

regulates food intake

produced in adipose tissue

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14
Q

what does corticotrophin releasing hormone do

A

causes anterior pituitary to release ACTH

produced in hypothalamus

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15
Q

what does cortisol do

A

stress response, effects immune function, catabolic to muscle tissue

produced in adrenal cortex

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16
Q

what does epinephrine do

A

causes increase in heart rate and myocardial contractility

produced in adrenal medulla

17
Q

what does insulin growth factor-1 do

A

anabolic to muscle tissue

produced in liver

18
Q

what does antidiuretic hormone do

A

causes kidneys to reabsorb more water from glomerular filtrate

produced in posterior pituitary

19
Q

where is calcitonin produced

A

thyroid gland

20
Q

at rest, what are the starting and ending values of O2 when passing thru muscle tissue

A

starting ~95mmHG

ending 40mmHg

21
Q

at rest, what are the starting and ending values of CO2 when passing thru muscle tissue

A

starting 40mmHg

ending 45mmHg

22
Q

what is alveolar PAO2 at rest

A

~104mmHg

23
Q

during heavy exercise what are the starting and endling values of O2 when passing thru muscle tissue

A

starting 110mmHg

ending 10mmHg

24
Q

during heavy exercise what are the starting and endling values of CO2 when passing thru muscle tissue

A

starting 30mmHg

ending 70mmHg

25
Q

how much O2 can 1g of Hb carry

A

about 1.34 ml O2 per 1g Hb

26
Q

where is the bodies temperature HQ located

A

hypothalamus

27
Q

what is the range of core temp in humans

A

36.1-37.8 Celsius

28
Q

what is blood pressure resistance determined by

A

blood viscosity

length and radius of vessel

29
Q

what is cardiac output (Q)

A

SV x HR

30
Q

how many L/min can our heart pump

A

5-30 L/min

31
Q

which nerve system gets stimulated during exercise, and what is the result in blood vessel physiology

A

sympathetic

vasodilation, nitric acid released, blood flow UP

32
Q

what is cardio anticipatory response

A

HR and SV and VE (minute ventilation all up

sympathetic hormones up & parasympathetic hormones down

catecholamine (epinephrine) release from adrenal medulla

33
Q

what is the only physiological metric that goes down with exercise

A

total peripheral resistance (TPR)

Q, SBP, SV, HR, RPP, VO2 go up

DBP stays the same

34
Q

what is the only metric that is higher during upper body exercise

A

SV is higher during upper body exercise due to the presser effect

Q stays the same

HR, BP, TPR, RPP are all lower during lower body exercise

KIN 210 Exercise Physiology (2 decks)

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