final exam slides 10-11

Question 1

cellular division occurs for…

Answer 1

growth and development, reproduction of offspring, repair of damage, replacement of old cells

Question 2

eukaryotic DNA

Answer 2

duplicated and condensed in chromosomes

Question 3

chromosomes

Answer 3

contains hundreds of genes

Question 4

sister chromatids

Answer 4

duplicated chromosomes are held together in structure called centromere

Question 5

mitosis

Answer 5

Produces somatic (aka body) cells which contain a copy of all the genetic material within an existing parent cell

Question 6

meiosis

Answer 6

Produces sex cells (egg and sperm) which contain a copy of HALF of the genetic material within an existing cell

Question 7

genomic DNA

Answer 7

nucleus of eukaryotic cell; serves as a blueprint; 46 chromosomes - 23 pairs

Question 8

karyotype

Answer 8

A lab technique that produces an image of an individual’s chromosomes to find abnormal numbers or structures

Question 9

passing DNA to daughter cells

Answer 9

duplicate DNA –> separate DNA duplicates –> cytokinesis (split cells)

Question 10

tumors

Answer 10

benign, malignant, metastatic!!

Question 11

dendritic cells

Answer 11

immune cells removed from blood, specialized, and injected back into the blood to destroy cancer cells

Question 12

central dogma

Answer 12

genotype codes for phenotype

Question 13

meiosis I

Answer 13

a. Separates homologous chromos
b. Each daughter cell is haploid
c. Each chromos still has 2 sister chromatids

Question 14

meiosis II

Answer 14

a. Separates sister chromatids
b. 4 haploid daughter cells
c. Develop into egg or sperm

Question 15

trisomy vs monosomy

Answer 15

one too many chromos vs one too few chromos