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Virginias Class > Final Exam Review Virginia > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Virginia Flashcards

1
Q

What is communication?

A

Communication is a process of interaction between people in which symbols are used to create, exchange and interpret messages about ideas, emotions and mind states.

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2
Q

What are the levels of communication?

A

1.Intrapersonal
2.Interpersonal
3.Transpersonal
4.Small-group
5.Public

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3
Q

What is Intrapersonal communication?

A

Occurs within an individual (self-talk or inner thought)

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4
Q

What is interpersonal communication?

A

One to one interaction between two people

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5
Q

What is transpersonal communication?

A

Interaction within a person’s spiritual domain

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6
Q

What is small group communication?

A

Interactions with a small number of people

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7
Q

What is public communication?

A

Interaction with an audience

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8
Q

What is the scope of communication?

A

The scope of communication is a range of communication that goes from Effective Communication to No Communication

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9
Q

What is ineffective communication?

A

-poor patient outcomes
-Increased adverse incidents
-Decreased professional credibility

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10
Q

What are relational roles?

A

-Relationships always affect the communication process.
-Relational roles can affect the communication process.
-Power and status affect communication between participants especially in hierarchical relationships.

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11
Q

How does communication pertain to the Nursing Practice?

A

-Communication is a lifelong process for nurses
-An essential attribute of the professional nursing practice
-Builds relationships with patients, families, and multidisciplinary team members.

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12
Q

What is relational communication?

A

Relational communication includes:
Initiative, Authenticity, Mutuality, and Questioning

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13
Q

What is communication competence?

A

Communication competence means the nurse communicates effectively and appropriately.

Includes skills for communicating clearly and accurately with patient, family, other nurses and other members of the health care team.

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14
Q

What are the types of professional nursing relationships?

A
  1. Nurse-patient helping relationship
    2.Nurse-family relationships
    3.Interprofessional collaborative practice relationships
    4.Nurse-Community relationships
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15
Q

What are the phases of the helping relationship?

A

1.Pre-interaction phase
2.Orientation phase
3.Working phase
4.Termination phase

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16
Q

What are the elements of professional communication?

A

1.Courtesy
2.Use of names
3.Trustworthiness
4.Autonomy and responsibility
5.Assertiveness

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17
Q

What is professional identity ?

A

A sense of oneself that is influenced by characteristics, norms, and values of the nursing discipline resulting in an individual thinking, acting and feeling like a nurse.

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18
Q

What are Common Attributes and Criteria of Professional Identity?

A

1.Doing
2.Being
3.Acting ethically
4.Flourishing
5.Changing Identities

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19
Q

What is included in the foundation of nursing practice?

A

The CNA Code of Ethics, Canadian Entry-to-Practice Competencies, Nursing Practice Standards, CIHC Interprofessional Collaboration Competencies.

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20
Q

What is the Nova Scotia College of Nursing (NSCN?)

A

The regulating body mandated by the Nova Scotia government to license, set standards for and continue competency of Nova Scotia nurses.

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21
Q

What are the Nova Scotia College of Nurses Standards of Practice? (NSCN)

A

Responsibility and Accountability, Knowledge based practice, client-centered relationships, professional relationships and leadership, individual self regulation.

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22
Q

Why do we have nursing standards?

A

Standards promote, guide, and regulate the professional nursing practice. They set the legal and professional requirements for nurses and ensure skills and knowledge are up to standard for nurses to practice safely.

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23
Q

Who is responsible for nursing standards?

A

It is a shared responsibility between nurses, employers and the NSCN.

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24
Q

What is Clinical reasoning?

A

The thinking process by which a nurse reaches clinical judgment

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25
Q

What is critical thinking?

A

A cognitive process used for analysis of an issue or problem, knowledge based, not dependent on a particular situation.

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26
Q

What is clinical judgment?

A

Clinical judgment is when the nurse applies knowledge to the unique patient situation to make sense of it and respond appropriately in the specific context of care.

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27
Q

What is the scope of clinical judgment?

A

1.Standards-based approach
2.Evidence-based practice and clinical judgement
3.Interpretivist perspective

28
Q

What are attributes of clinical judgment?

A

Using a holistic view of patient situation, using a circular process, reasoning and interpretation of data.

29
Q

What is reasoning?

A

The process that leads to clinical judgments.

30
Q

What are the three types of reasoning?

A

-Analytic
-Intuitive
-Narrative

31
Q

What is the nurses model of clinical judgment?

A

Using knowledge, experience, and perspective to —> notice —> interpret —> respond —> and reflect

32
Q

How can clinical judgment be developed?

A

Clinical experience is required to develop clinical judgment. Experience comes with a wide range of clinical learning opportunities including working with experienced nurses.

33
Q

What is required for critical thinking? (What kind of skills?)

A

Cognitive skills are required but especially the ability to ask questions, be well informed, be honest and face biases, be willing to reconsider and think differently about issues.

34
Q

What are the cognitive skills involved in critical thinking?

A

-Interpretation
-Analysis
-Inference
-Evaluation
-Explanation
-Self-Regulation

35
Q

What are ways to develop critical thinking skills?

A

Case-based learning, Reflective writing, and Concept Mapping

36
Q

What are the steps of the nursing process?

A

ADPIE
Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

37
Q

What is the nursing process?

A

ADPIE. The nursing process supports nurses in clinical judgment, decision making, and reflective practices needed to identify, diagnose and treat clients responses to heath and illness.

38
Q

What is the purpose of the nursing process?

A

To identity patients health status, actual or potential problems or needs.
To establish plans of care
To deliver specific interventions to meet those needs/problems
To protect nurses against legal problems relating to nursing care
To establish a database about a clients health status and condition.

39
Q

What are the characteristics of the nursing process?

A

-Patient centered
-Interpersonal
-Collaborative
-Dynamic and cyclical
-Requires critical thinking

40
Q

Describe assessment within the nursing process

A

Assessment is the first phase of the nursing process. It is deliberate and systematic collection of data from primary and secondary sources. It determines a patients current and past health status, functional status, and creates a database of the patient.

41
Q

What data is collected during data collection?

A

Objective and subjective data. Data can be verbal or non verbal.

42
Q

What are sources of data?

A

Primary: Client
Secondary: Family, significant others, health care team, medical records
Tertiary: Literature, nurses experience

43
Q

What are the methods of data collection?

A

The main methods used to collect data are:
-Health Interviews
-Physical exam/observation

44
Q

What are the steps in data analysis?

A

-Recognize pattern or trend by cues
-Compare with normal standards
-Make a reasoned decision

45
Q

Describe Data Documentation

A

-Documentation is the nurse’s legal and professional responsibility
-Anything heard, seen, felt or smelled should be reported accurately.
-Subjective client information should be placed in quotation marks
-Accurate terminology and abbreviations must be used

46
Q

What is concept mapping?

A

A visual representation that shows connections between health problems impacting a patient. It allows nurses to observe a holistic perspective of health care needs and serves as the starting point for a care plan.

47
Q

What is a nursing diagnosis?

A

A clinical judgement about client responses to an actual or potential health problem.

48
Q

What is a medical diagnosis?

A

The identification of a disease on the basis of specific evaluation of signs and symptoms.

49
Q

What is a collaborative problem?

A

An actual or potential complication that nurses monitor to detect a change in client status.

50
Q

What are the types of nursing diagnosis?

A

Actual, Risk, Health promotion, and wellness

51
Q

What are sources of diagnostic errors?

A

Errors in data collection, interpretation of data, data clustering, diagnostic statement, documentation.

52
Q

Describe planning within the nursing process

A

Planning begins after identification of a client’s nursing diagnoses and strengths.
The nurse sets client centered goals and outcomes, interventions and plans with problem solving in mind.

53
Q

What are the three phases of planning in nursing care? (Timing)

A

-Initial
-Ongoing
-Discharge

54
Q

What are goals of care?

A

Goals of care should be client centered goals that include short and long term goals that reflect the highest level of wellness and independence of the patient.

55
Q

Describe implementation in the nursing process

A

Implementation is the fourth step in the nursing process and is the initiation or completion of planned actions or nursing interventions. Such as direct care, indirect care or consultation.

56
Q

What are the types of interventions?

A

Nurse Initiated: independent nursing interventions, do not require orders from other healthcare providers
Physician Initiated: Dependent on nursing interventions, requires nurse practitioner or physicians orders.
Collaborative: Interdependent nursing interventions, establish in a healthcare team conference.

57
Q

Describe evaluation in the nursing process

A

Evaluation is the final step of the nursing process. It examines the condition or situation and includes making a judgment as to whether or not change has occurred.

58
Q

What two actions is the evaluation process based on?

A

Identifying evaluative criteria and standards
Collect and evaluate data

59
Q

What are the five elements of the evaluation process?

A

1.Identifying evaluative criteria and standards
2.Collecting data to determine whether the criteria or standards were met
3.Interpreting and summarizing findings
4.Documenting findings and any clinical judgment
5.Terminating, continuing, or revising the care plan.

60
Q

How do you write a nursing care plan?

A

1.Data collection or assessment
2.Data analysis and organization
3.Formulating nursing diagnosis
4.Setting priorities
5.Establishing client goals and desired outcomes
6.Selecting nursing interventions
7.Providing rationale
8.Evaluation

61
Q

What is a nursing care plan?

A

The nursing care plan is an individualized and comprehensive plan guiding the nursing care for a client. Its purpose is to enhance communication between care providers so client goals are achieved.

62
Q

What are the 5 ways of knowing?

A

1.Silence
2.Received knowing
3.Subjective knowing
4.Procedural knowing
5.Constructed knowing

63
Q

What are the 4 patterns of knowing?

A

1.Empirical “the science”
2.Aesthetic “the art”
3.Personal
4.Ethical “moral knowledge”

64
Q

What are the four aspects of Interprofessional communication?

A

1.Affinity
2.Immediacy
3.Respect
4.Control

65
Q

What is SBAR

A

Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendations

Virginias Class (2 decks)

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