Final Exam review: Shoulder Flashcards

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1
Q

What bones are in shoulder complex?

A

*Clavicle
* Scapula
* Humerus

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2
Q

What joints comprise the shoulder complex?

A
  • STERNOCLAVICULAR
    *ACROMIOCLAVICULAR
    *SCAPULOTHORACIC (not a true joint)
    *GLENOHUMORAL
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3
Q

What are the 6 types of synovial joints?

A

*Hinge joint = elbow joint and knee joint
*Ball & Socket Joint = shoulder joint & hip joint
*Pivot Joint = allows rotational movement around a central axis. atlas & axis in the neck
*Condyloid Joint = allows movements in two planes. wrist joint & metacarpophalangeal joints
*Saddle Joint = allows for a wide range of motion, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and circumduction. carpometacrpal joint of the thumb.
* Gliding joint = allow for limited gliding or sliding movements in various directions. intercarpal and intertarsal joints.

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4
Q

What is the motion of the sternoclavicular joint?

A

*three axis
- Anterior-posterior = elevation and depression
- Vertical superior-inferior= protraction and retraction
- Medial-lateral = upward and downward rotation

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5
Q

What supports the acromioclavicular joint?

A

Supported by the capsule, acromioclavicular ligaments, and the coracoclavicular ligament.

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6
Q

Describe the articular surface of the acromioclavicular

A

joints are relatively flattened and beveled with respect to one another.

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7
Q

What are the supporting structures of glenohumeral joint?

A

Labrum; Capsule; Ligaments; Surrounding Musculature.

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8
Q

What are the articular surfaces of the glenohumeral joint?

A

The humoral head and the glenoid fossa possess similar curvatures.

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9
Q

What are the primary stabilizers of the Glenohumeral joint?

A

*supraspinatus
*Infraspinatus
*Teres Minor
*Subscapularis

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10
Q

What are the Passive Stabilizers of the shoulder?

A

Stability is provided more by muscles, ligaments, and soft tissues than by bone.

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11
Q

What is the Glenoid Labrum?

A
  • deepens the glenoid fossa
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12
Q

What is the labrum?

A

ring of fibrous tissue and fibrocartilage around the periphery of the fossa.

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13
Q

What is force coupling?

A

Two equal forces that are placed in opposite directions and act simultaneously around an axis, which creates a rotation. In this case, muscles moving around the axis.

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14
Q

What is a moment of force?

A

A measure of its tendency to cause a body to rotate about a specific point or axis.
M=F x d
moment = force x distance

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15
Q

what is Subluxation?

A

A partial dislocation

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16
Q

What is a dislocation?

A

*abduction + external rotation = dislocation
*capsule, cartilage, and ligaments are torn

17
Q

What is type I rockwood AC joint injury?

A

Ligament stretched

18
Q

What is type II rockwood joint injury?

A

Partial rupture A.C. ligaments

19
Q

What is type III rockwood AC joint injury?

A

Complete rupture A.C. and C.C. ligaments

20
Q

What is type IV Rockwood AC joint injury?

A

clavicle displaced posterior over acromion.

21
Q

What is type V Rockwood AC joint injury?

A

Clavicle displaced just under skin.

22
Q

What is type VI Rockwood AC joint injury?

A

Clavicle underneath coracoid (very rare)