Final Exam Review (Chp 1-9)

Question 1

refers to correctness of a single measurement

Answer 1

Accuracy

Question 2

how closely grouped individual values are around average value

Answer 2

precision

Question 3

estimated degree of error in measurement

Answer 3

Uncertainty in measurement

Question 4

represent the limits of what values of a measurement or calculation we are sure of

Answer 4

significant figures

Question 5

guess or estimate of where the object falls between the nearest graduations, found at end

Answer 5

uncertain digit

Question 6

counterweight used in chemical analysis consists of an empty container that counterbalances the weight of container holding chemicals

Answer 6

tare

Question 7

process used to separate mix of liquids and solids or two immiscible liquids

Answer 7

decant

Question 8

summarizes a hypothesis and has been supported with repeated testing

Answer 8

theory

Question 9

prediction of cause and effect, can be supported or refuted through experimentation or more observation

Answer 9

hypothesis

Question 10

any substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by ordinary chemical processes

Answer 10

element

Question 11

generalizes body of observations, explain things but do not describe them

Answer 11

Law

Question 12

any substance composed of identical molecules consisting of two or more chemical elements

Answer 12

Chemical compound

Question 13

mixture of substances blended so well that you cannot see individual substances

Answer 13

homogenous

Question 14

mixture with a non-uniform composition

Answer 14

heterogenous mixture

Question 15

1 mL=

Answer 15

1 cm^3

Question 16

1 in = cm

Answer 16

2.54cm

Question 17

1kg =lbs

Answer 17

2.2lbs

Question 18

how many g in 1 kg

Answer 18

1000

Question 19

Density of H2O =

Answer 19

1.00 g/mL

Question 20

What is the mass in grams of 10mL of water

Answer 20

10 grams

Question 21

Length=

Answer 21

Meter (m)

Question 22

Mass

Answer 22

Kilogram (kg)

Question 23

Time

Answer 23

second (s)

Question 24

Temperature

Answer 24

Kelvin (K)

Question 25

Amount

Answer 25

Mole (mol)

Question 26

area

Answer 26

m^2, cm^2

Question 27

Volume

Answer 27

m^3, mL, L

Question 28

Density

Answer 28

g/mL, g/cm^3

Question 29

Force

Answer 29

(N)

Question 30

Pressure

Answer 30

N/m

Question 31

concentration

Answer 31

M

Question 32

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 32

6.022 x 10^23

Question 33

Which of the following measuring devices is most accurate

Answer 33

graduated cylinder

Question 34

central part of atom that contains protons and neutrons

Answer 34

nucleus

Question 35

atomic number of an element is same as

Answer 35

proton

Question 36

exist outside of the surrounding atom nucleus

Answer 36

electrons

Question 37

has no charge

Answer 37

neutrons

Question 38

fixed distances from the nucleus of an atom where electrons may be found

Answer 38

energy levels

Question 39

atomic mass unit

Answer 39

amu

Question 40

mass number

Answer 40

A

Question 41

group of atoms that have the same atomic numbers but different mass numbers

Answer 41

isotopes

Question 42

summing the masses of an element’s isotopes, each multiplies by its natural abundance on earth

Answer 42

average atomic mass

Question 43

mass of a sample divided by amount of substance

Answer 43

molar mass

Question 44

an atom or molecule that is positively charged

Answer 44

cation

Question 44

an atom or molecule that is negatively charged

Answer 44

anion

Question 45

radioactivity isotope have

Answer 45

high n/p ratios

Question 45

all elements with a Z>83 are

Answer 45

radioactive

Question 46

energy

Answer 46

J

Question 47

form of energy that on object or particle has by reason of its motion

Answer 47

kinetic energy

Question 48

any form of energy that is stores and can be released as work or heat

Answer 48

potential energy

Question 49

consists of two perpendicular waves, one electric and one magnetic, propagating at speed of light

Answer 49

electromagnetic radiation

Question 50

distance between any two consecutive identical points on the waveform

Answer 50

wavelength

Question 51

number of times an event occurs per unit of time

Answer 51

Frequency (1Hz= 1/s= s^-1)

Question 52

to limit the possible values of a magnitude or quantity to a discrete set of values by quantum mechanical rules

Answer 52

quantized

Question 53

contains every wavelength between the wavelength on which the spectrum starts and the wavelength on which the spectrum ends

Answer 53

continuous