Final Exam Review Flashcards
What elements do the symbols H, O, C, and N stand for?
hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen
A device that measures absolute air pressure is called a
barometer
A gold brick measuring 0.25 ft by 0.33 ft by 1 ft is submerged in water. The weight density of gold is 1,200 pounds per cubic foot and the weight density of water is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot. What is the approximate buoyant force on the gold brick in pounds?
5.148 (5.100 - 5.196)
The pressure exerted by a gas is the result of
molecular collisions.
The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object immersed in it is called
buoyant force.
A gold brick measuring 0.25 ft by 0.33 ft by 1 ft is submerged in water. The weight density of gold is 1,200 pounds per cubic foot and the weight density of water is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot. What is the approximate net force on the gold brick in pounds?
93.852
The uncharged particle inside an atom is the
neutron.
The central core inside an atom is the
nucleus
The brakes in modern automobiles work because of
Pascal’s principle.
The body of a swimmer occupies a volume of 2 cubic feet. What is the buoyant force in pounds when the swimmer is immersed in water? (The weight density of water is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot.)
124.8
Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A1 is 1 square inch, and the area A2 is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown. The pressure on A1 in psi is
4
You press a stick that has a varying cross sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm. The force on your left palm is _______ the force on your right palm.
equal to
Two inflated balloons are of identical size and shape, but one is filled with hydrogen, the other helium. Which has the larger buoyant force on it? (The weight density of helium is twice the weight density of hydrogen.)
neither–the buoyant forces are equal
The difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire is called
gauge pressure.
The positively charged particle inside an atom is the
proton.
You press a stick that has a varying cross sectional area horizontally between the palms of your hands. The area of the stick pushing against your left palm is twice the area of the stick pushing against your right palm. The pressure on your left palm is _______the pressure on your right palm.
1/2
A submarine dives to a depth of 50 meters in the ocean. What is the gauge pressure in Pa (Pascals) at this depth? (The Mass Density of seawater is 1030 kg/m3).
504,700
The particle that orbits the central core inside an atom is the
electron
Two pistons push down on the fluid filling two cylinders connected by a narrow hose, as shown in the figure. The area A1 is 1 square inch, and the area A2 is 10 square inches. A force of 4 pounds is exerted downward on piston 1, as shown. The force F2 in pounds needed to keep piston 2 in place is:
40
an ionized gas
plasma
each is composed of two or more atoms
molecule
the relative pressure between two places
gauge pressure
a combination of different elements or compounds
mixture
the upward force exerted by a fluid on anything immersed in it
buoyant force
the smallest unit of a chemical element
atom
the mass density of a substance divided by the mass density of water
specific gravity
particle that orbits the nucleus in an atom
electron
a unit of measure for pressure
atmosphere
The gauge pressure inside a pressure cooker is 13 psi (pounds per square inch) What is the net force in pounds on the lid of the pressure cooker if the lid’s area is 110 square inches?
1,430
If the outside air pressure decreases, the reading on a tire gauge connected to a tire
increases.
When a 4 cubic ft block of wood floats in a fluid whose weight density is 60 pounds per cubic foot, 3/4 of the block’s volume is submerged. The buoyant force on the block in pounds is
180
When an object floats in a liquid, the buoyant force is _____ the weight of the object.
equal to
A rectangular stack of lead bricks measures 2 m by 3 m by 4 m. The mass density of lead is 11,340 kilograms per cubic meter. What is the total mass of the stack of lead in kg?
272,160
The gauge pressure of the water in a swimming pool at 10 ft is _____ the gauge pressure of the water at 5 ft.
2 times
The pressure at the bottom of aquarium A is greater than that at the bottom of aquarium B. Why might this be?
A is filled to a greater depth than B
A person weighing 180 pounds stands on snowshoes. If the total area of the 2 snowshoes is 900 square inches, what is the pressure on the snow in psi (pounds per square inch)?
0.2
Which of these principles of physics is most important in explaining how an airplane is able to fly
Bernoulli’s principle.
The nucleus of an atom contains: (A) protons (B) neutrons (C) electrons (D) all of the above
A and B
A helium balloon rises because of what principle?
Archimedes’ principle.
A rock brought back from the moon weighs 4 pounds and has a volume of 0.02 cubic feet. What is the rock’s weight density in lbs/ft3?
200
In the chemical formula for water, H2O, what does the “2” mean?
there are two hydrogen (H) atoms in a molecule of water.
The ratio of the density of a material to the density of water is the
specific gravity.
A gold brick measuring 0.25 ft by 0.33 ft by 1 ft is submerged in water. The weight density of gold is 1,200 pounds per cubic foot and the weight density of water is 62.4 pounds per cubic foot. What is the weight of the gold brick in pounds?
99
If the same-sized force is made to act over a smaller area, the pressure is
increased
The buoyant force that keeps a ship afloat is an example of
Archimedes’ principle.
