Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PT Fundamentals > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

What are body mechanics?
A. Positioning in anatomical neutral alignment.
B. Efficient use of one’s body to produce safe motion.
C. Positioning to produce adequate force.
D. Use of mechanical mobility assistive devices to reduce muscle usage.

A

B. Efficient use of one’s body to produce safe motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In general, where is a person’s COG located?
A. Vertical midpoint in their vertebral column.
B. Approximately at the level of the umbilicus
C. Horizontal midpoint between posterior SI (sacroiliac) joints.
D. Anterior to the upper portion of sacrum.

A

D. Anterior to the upper portion of sacrum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Think about a 1-year-old, just learning to walk. Does COG differ, compared to their parents?
A. COG is lower as the child is very short.
B. Depends on if the child is proficient in balanced gait.
C. COG is higher.
D. There is no significant difference.

A

C. COG is higher.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which of the below will probably present with the smallest BOS, all reference the same adult patient?
A. Normalized gait, with normal step length and UE(arm) swing.
B. Stance in someone who has genu valgum (knock-knee).
C. Tibial fracture, utilizing a knee trolley to support LE (leg).
D. Guarding on right heel secondary to acute plantar fasciitis.

A

D. Guarding on right heel secondary to acute plantar fasciitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Reference body mechanics, which are descriptors:

anatomical/neutral efficient/safe power/force

A

efficient/safe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When moving patient, which of these is least efficient and why? push, slide, lift, pull, roll

A

lift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define the patient status of Modified Independent.

A

does not need assistance, but needs AD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Min, Mod, Max assist: % pt work levels?

A

75%, 50%, 25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Given Min-Mod-Max-Total Assist, what do you need to use for safety?

A

gait belt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How much weight is patient supposed to bear in TTWB?

A

~10% or 10 lbs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Patient <=50% WB =________________ (WB)?

A

partial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Populations at Risk when positioning

A 
Amputee
Hemiplegic
Burn victims
Bed/WC bound
Plegia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Ifpatientisnotmovingregularly(i.e.bedbound),whatbecomesa concern?

A

ulcers, pressure injuries, contractures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Whatneedstobedonetopreventformationofdecubiti?

A

move @ MINIMUM every 1-2 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Timeframesfor:Possibletissuedamage?

A

15 min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Decubitus=tissuebreakdownover______________________?

A

bony prominences

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Whataresomeofthepositivesofsupinepositioning?

A

good communication, verbal/non-verbal
easily modifiable
pt comfortable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describechallengesinpronepositioning.

A

communication difficult, verbal/nonverbal
harder position to get into
might not be as comfortable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Whatpositionpromotesgoodcommunicationwithpatient?

A

supine or sitting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Howdoyoudecidetodrapeornot?

A

cultural/religious preferences

appropriate area exposed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q 
Whatisnotneededforweightacceptance?
A.Forwardprogression.
B.Limbstability.
C.Footclearance.
D.Shockabsorption.
A

C.Footclearance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

WhichoftheseshouldNOTbedone,when
assistingapatienttoambulate?
A.Useagaitbelt.
B.Astherapist,haveawideBOS.
C.Challengepatientwithgaitpatternintheirability.
D.Guardpatientfromthefronttoprovidestability.

A

D.Guardpatientfromthefronttoprovidestability.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Patientwithmultiplesclerosis(MS),occasionalbalance
issues,stillambulatoryandgood,equalstrengthinUE,LE,andcore.
Whatassistivedevicedoyousuggest?
A.Singlecane.
B.Standardwalker.
C.WheelchairasMSisprogressive.
D.Lofstrandcrutches.

A

A.Singlecane.

24
Q

Pediatricpatient,7YO,withcerebralpalsy(CP),veryactive,
pronouncedscissoringgait,minorbalanceissuesfatiguesinlong
hallwaysatschool.WhatADdoyousuggest?
A. Customwheelchairduetofatigue.
B. Rollingwalker.
C.Quadcane.
D.Axillarycrutches.

A

B. Rollingwalker.

25
Q

Whendoingobservationalgaitanalysis(OGA),youobserveyourpatient
fromrightheelstriketoleftheelstrike.Thisisa_________.

A

step

26
Q

Howdoyouchangea steptoequalastride?Whattermissynonymous?

A

heel strike to ipsilateral heel strike; gait cycle

27
Q

Numberofsteps/minute=cadenceorspeed?

Walk½milein8minutes=cadenceorspeed?

A

cadence

speed

28
Q

Whatarethetwomainperiodsinthegaitcycleandrelativetimespentineach?

A

stance (60%); swing (40%)

29
Q

Apatientdescribespaininwalkingwhen
weightistransferredtotheforefootregion.
Whichphaseofgaitisthis?

A

terminal stance

30
Q

Ingettingreadytodogaittrainingwithapatientusingcrutchesforthe
firsttime,whatwouldisthemostappropriateactiontoperformfirst? And how?

A

ensure appropriate measurement first; 2 fingers b/t armrest and axilla; hand grip @ level of radial styloid; measure from 2” horizontally from toes/6” out in front of toes

31
Q

DescribepatientWBstatusfor4point,3point,and2pointgaitpatterns.Whichareslower/faster?Morestable?

A

FWB,NWB, FWB; 4-point slowest, 2-point/3-point faster; 4-point/2-point most stable

32
Q

Assistivedevices(AD)areusedtocompensateforimpairedbalance,
decreasedstrength,decreasedWBstatus,orpainduringweightbearing.
Whichofthesecanbeaddressedbyuseofacane?

A

impaired balance

33
Q

Yourpatientissafestwitha3‐1gaitpattern.Whatdoesthatmeanand
whichassistivedevicewillbemostappropriate?

A

PWB in affected limb; bilateral AD/walker

34
Q

Describehowtoproperlyfitarollingwalkertoyourelderlypatient.

A

handle at level of radial styloid

35
Q

Whatmodificationcanallowforthemotionthatis

neededforsports?

A

camber

36
Q

ADArefersto________________andprohibitsdiscriminationagainstpeoplewithdisabilitiesinwhatsituations?

A

Americans with Disabilities Act; protects in all capacities esp. federal; buildings, activities, etc.

37
Q

Intheinitialphaseofdifferentialdiagnosis,whatisthefirstthingthatPT
needstoanswerabouttheirpatient?

A

do they even belong in my clinic; red/yellow flags

38
Q

Ingeneral,whatareredflags?Providesomeexamples.

A

any reason to refer pt out; unexplained weight loss, psychological issues, pain awaking pt at night/keeps them from going to sleep, fever/vomiting, etc.

39
Q

Formulation of a hypothesis is? continuous/dynamic; static/fixed

A

continuous/dynamic

40
Q

Afteryouhavedoneanychartreview,establishedpatientrapport,and
gatheredgeneralinformation,whatisthenextstepintheSubjective
Examination?

A

analysis; hypothesis generation

41
Q

Whenlookingatpastandpresenthistory,MOIisoftenanenlightening
factor.Whatdoesthatstandfor?

A

mechanism of injury

42
Q

Disabilityandfunctionalstatusshouldbescreenedduringthe
subjectiveexamination.Oneofthemorecommonusedisthe
OswestryDisabilityIndex.Thisindexmeasures_____________.

A

measures a patient’s permanent functional disability; low back functionality

43
Q

Whatscalecanbeusedtomeasurefunctionalstatusthroughoutall
regionsofthebody?

A

PSFS (pt-specific functional scale)

44
Q

Whendoingasubjectiveexamination,your patienttellsyou that they
noticetheirpainsignificantlyincreasesiftheystandformorethan10
minutes,probablytoa6/10.Theyusuallyhavetositdown,which
decreasesthepain.Fromthisdiscussion,extendedstandingisan
exampleof:_______.

A

agg

45
Q

Whatdoestheterm“easingfactors”mean?

A

anything that relieves pain

46
Q

PSHx standsfor____________________.

A

Past Surgical History

47
Q

SINSS? describe

A 
severity
irritability
nature
stage
stability
48
Q

Whywoulditbeimportanttoestablishtheirritabilityofa
patient’sconditionduringthesubjectiveexamination,withcontinual
reassessmentthroughouttheevaluation?
A. Decideifpatient’sgoalsareappropriate.
B.Determine how constantlythe symptoms present.
C. Assesswhattheappropriatevigoroftheobjectiveexamshouldbe.
D. Predictpatient’sabilitytodoadvancedskills.

A

C. Assesswhattheappropriatevigoroftheobjectiveexamshouldbe.

49
Q

Yourpatientestimatesthattheirkneepainisabout
a2/10.Itdoesbother them but theyhavebeenabletocontinuetheirjob
asacashier.Whatistheseverityinthiscase?
A. Moderatelysevere
B.Non‐severe
C.Chronic
D. Moderatelyirritable

A

B.Non‐severe

50
Q

Truckdriverpresentingwithcervicalpain,statingthatthe
paincangetashighasa7/10whenturning head to clear blind spot. Shenotes
that pain subsideswhengazereturnsforwardandshehasneverhadtostop
driving.Whatdo you rate the irritabilitylevel?
A. Non‐irritable
B.Moderatelyirritable
C.Severeirritability
D. Chronic,aggravated

A

A. Non‐irritable

51
Q

Highschooltennisplayerinjuredtheirkneeduringa
tournamentovertheweekend.Youareabouttoseethemforyour9amappointment
onMondaymorning.Inreviewingtheirmedicalhistoryform,youseethattheyhave
injuredthatsameLEpreviously.Theappropriatestagefortheirinjuryis:
A. Chronic
B.Exacerbation
C.Sub‐acute
D. Acute

A

D. Acute

52
Q

Shoulderabductionoccurswithinthefrontalplane.
A. True
B. False

A

A. True

53
Q 
YouareperformingelbowflexionAROMassessment.
Thisisanexampleof:
A. AccessoryMobility
B. PhysiologicMobility
C. PassiveMobility
D. Noneoftheabove
A

B. PhysiologicMobility

54
Q

Agoniometerisnotusedtomeasurewhichofthe
following:
A. AROMofkneeflexion
B. PROMincervicalrotation
C. Glidingaccessorymotioninshoulderrotation
D. Availablemotioninsmallfingerjoints

A

C. Glidingaccessorymotioninshoulderrotation

55
Q 
Whichofthefollowingisanabnormalend‐feel?
A. Tissuestretch
B. Softtissueapproximation
C. Capsular—canbehardorsoft
D. Bone‐to‐bone
A

C. Capsular—canbehardorsoft

56
Q

Youareworkingwithapatientwhohasshouldermuscle
weakness.ThepatientisabletoholdtheUEupagainst
gravityagainstmoderateresistance.Whatisthemost
appropriateMMTgrade?
A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 5‐

A

C. 4

57
Q

Youobserveapatientambulatetotheexaminationroomforinitial
evaluationandnoticethatastruggletodorsiflexhisRankleduringthe
swingphasesofgait.Therelookstobesomemotionbutnotthroughthe
fullexpectedrange.Whatisthemostappropriatechoiceforpatient
positioningwhenassessingtibialisanterior?
A.Forsafety,thepatientshouldbeplacedinthesittingposition.
B.Thepatientshouldbemadetostand,toassessendurance.
C. Thepatientshouldbeplacedinsupineposition.
D. Youshouldnottestthetibialisanterior.

A

C. Thepatientshouldbeplacedinsupineposition.

PT Fundamentals (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions