Final Exam Review

Question 1

Two ways to maintain cleanliness in the office?

Answer 1

Barriers

Disinfectant

Question 2

Equivalent and effective doses are measured in what?

Answer 2

Sieverts, or micro sieverts

Question 3

What is the absorbed dose?

Answer 3

Energy deposited in a kg of a substance

Grays

Question 4

What is the equivalent dose?

Answer 4

Absorbed dose weighted for harmful effects of different radiations (Type of radiation)

Sieverts

Question 5

What is the effective dose?

Answer 5

Equivalent dose weighted for susceptibility to harm of different tissues (Types of tissues)

Sieverts

Question 6

What has high radiosensitivity?

Answer 6

Lymphoid organs

Bone marrow

Testes

Intestine

Mucous membranes

Question 7

What has intermediate radiosensitivity?

Answer 7

Fine vasculature

Growing cartilage

Salivary glands

Lungs

Kidney

Liver

Question 8

What has low radiosensitivity?

Answer 8

Optic lens

Muscle

Question 9

What is the deterministic effect?

Answer 9

THIS HAS A THRESHOLD

Below the threshold - No damage

Above the threshold - Damage
—Blistering, burns

Question 10

What is the stochastic effect?

Answer 10

Arrows

NO THRESHOLD

One X-ray can cause an issue

More radiation that is received, the statistical probability of being injured goes up

Question 11

What has a lower effective dose, rectangular or circular collimator?

Answer 11

Rectangular collimation

Question 12

T/F - A digital pano has a lower effective dose than a digital FMX with rectangular collimation.

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

High altitudes equal what in terms of radiation?

Answer 13

Higher radiation levels

Question 14

What is ALARA?

Answer 14

As Low As Reasonably Achievable

Question 15

What are three guidelines for radiation?

Answer 15

Justification

ALARA

Dose limitation

Question 16

Radiation Quality Assurance things to know.

Answer 16

UT inspects dental X-ray units and their use environment every 5 years!

Dosimeters calculations are completed and checking of machines are done as well

Radiation safety program should be developed and followed utilizing information derived from these inspections

Question 17

The negative part of the X-ray tube is called the ___________.

The positive part of the X-ray tube is called the _________.

Answer 17

Cathode

Anode

Question 18

T/F - The X-ray tube has a tungsten target.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

T/F - The X ray tube is in a vacuum state to prevent oxidation and burnout of filament.

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

Cathode is high or low voltage?

Anode is high or low voltage?

Answer 20

Cathode - LOW

Anode - HIGH - If machine is 60 kVp, that goes into effect here

Question 21

What does the cathode create?

Answer 21

Electron cloud

Question 22

What does the step down filament transformer do?

Answer 22

Reduces 110 V from wall to 3-5 volts to heat the filament

Question 23

What does the step-up transformer do?

Answer 23

Provides the large force needed to proper electrons from cathode to anode

Question 24

What is the SLOB rule?

Answer 24

Same lingual, Opposite buccal

Take the X-ray, and then move the tube mesial and take again and look at the object in question

Question 25

The denser the object, the more radio_______.

Answer 25

OPAQUE