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Honors Physics > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

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1
Q

o 7 base units

o Other derived units

A

• SI system/metric system

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2
Q

o How exact a measurement can be

o Depends on the instrument and the technique

A

• Precision

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3
Q

• Precision of an instrument

A

o (1/2) the smallest division of the instrument

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4
Q

Precision is measured with

A

standard deviation

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5
Q

o How well a measurement agrees with “real” or “known” values

A

• Accuracy

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6
Q

Independent variable

A

x values

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7
Q

Dependent variable

A

y values

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8
Q

• Requirements for a graph

A

o Title must mention the independent and dependent variable
o How “X Variable” Impacts “Y Variable”
o “Y Variable” vs “X Variable”

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9
Q

o Series of images showing positions of a moving object at equal time intervals

A

• Motion diagram

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10
Q

o Object is replaced by a series of single points

A

• Particle Model

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11
Q

o Quantity with magnitude but no direction

A

Scalar

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12
Q

o Quantity with magnitude and direction

A

Vector

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13
Q

o Difference between two times

A

• Time Interval

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14
Q

o Difference between two positions

A

• Displacement

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15
Q

o An idea, equation, structure or system that can predict physical phenomenon

A

• Scientific Model

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16
Q

o Proposed explanation for a set of observations; not much evidence behind it yet

A

• Scientific Hypothesis

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17
Q

o Rule or descriptions of a pattern in nature

A

• Scientific Law

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18
Q

o Explanation that Is backed up by many, many separate experiments

A

• Scientific Theory

19
Q

Percent Error

A

(abs(known value- measured value))/known value

20
Q

o A graph that plots the time data on the horizontal axis and the position data on the vertical axis

A

• Position time graph

21
Q

o Slope of a position time graph

A

• Velocity

22
Q

o Absolute value of velocity

A

• Speed

23
Q

• Instantaneous velocity

A

o Speed and direction of an object at a particular instant
o Find the slope of the tangent line to that point on a position time graph
 (solving the first derivative of the position function at a given time)

24
Q

o Motion due to gravity alone (ignoring air resistance)

A

• Free fall

25
Q

o The opposite operation of adding two perpendicular components to find the resultant vector
o (with the resultant, finding the x and y components)

A

• Resolving

26
Q

o Object that is given an initial velocity and then travels through the air with only the force of gravity acting on it

A

• Projectile

27
Q

o The path of a projectile through space

A

• Trajectory

28
Q

o Ties together the two components of projectile motion

A

time

29
Q

o A push or pull exerted on an object

A

• Force

30
Q

Forces cause objects to

A

speed up/slow down/change direction= accelerate

31
Q

object the force acts on

A

system

32
Q

object from the external world exerts a force on the system by touching it

A

contact force

33
Q

external world exerts a force on the system without touching it

A

field force

34
Q

the cause of a force

A

agent

35
Q

vector sum of all the forces on an object

A

net force

36
Q

the tendency of an object to resist

A

inertia

37
Q

force that gravity exerts on a mass

A

weight

38
Q

spring scale

A

measures force, not mass

39
Q

fluids

A

gas and liquids

40
Q

o The force that fluids exert on moving objects in the direction opposite their motion
o Increases when speed or surface area increase

A

drag force

41
Q

the constant velocity of an object that is reached when the drag force equals the force of gravity

A

terminal velocity

42
Q

o Type of friction that resists motion when an object is at rest

A

• Static friction

43
Q

o The type of friction that resists motion when an object is already moving
o Magnitude is always less than that of Ffstatic

A

• Kinetic friction

44
Q

• Coefficient of Friction

A

o The friction between two surfaces
o The slippier the surface the lower the number
o The stickier the surface the higher the number

Honors Physics (7 decks)

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