Final Exam Review Flashcards
Swing was a _________
National music
Count Basie took root where ?
Kansas City
Blacks started heading to the southwest when? What did they call this region?
After the civil war seeking economic opportunity and freedom. Called it the territory
Boogie woogie’s early nickname
Fast western
Where did boogie woogie come from? When did it most rapidly spread?
Impossible to know, 1920s
As with ragtime, boogie woogie was built on what? How was it different from ragtime?
A firm rhythmic foundation in the left hand
Different because it doubled the pace with ostinatos that divided each beat into two
Boogie woogie gives measures a ________ feeling
Eight beat feeling
Where was one of the main places to hear boogie woogie in Kansas City?
Sunset cafe
Who were the main attractions at the sunset cafe?
Big joe turner and Pete Johnson
What did Pete Johnson become famous for?
Playing percussive blues that seemed to never end
What style music was rock n rolls predecessor?
Boogie woogie
What happened to boogie woogie in the 1930s?
Struggled to survive because it was hard to transfer to the printed page, but then made a comeback when it became a craze with the whites
Folk revival
Self conscious attempt to publicize black folk traditions whose central figure was John Hammond
Territory bands
Worked a geographic area no more than a day’s drive from their headquarters
T or F All territory bands were male
F
T or F territory bands were extremely variant in that they were made up of black or white and played different music styles
T
T or F only a few territory bands ever set foot in a studio
T
The 12 clouds of joy was led by
Tuba player Andy Kirk
Typical life for a territory band during the depression
Constant touring
No access to recording studios
Constant threat of financial failure
3 future star saxophonists that passed through the twelve clouds of joy
Ben Webster
Lester young
Buddy tate
Mary Lou Williams
Pianist and arranger of twelve clouds of joy
How did Mary Lou learn to play piano?
Listening to records of jelly roll James p Johnson and earl Hines growing up
Most famous band leader from Kansas City was? Where did he grow up?
Count Basie
New Jersey
How did count Basie grow up
Working class family in New Jersey
Who did count Basie hear playing from his hotel window in Oklahoma City
Blue Devils
Blue Devils
Led by bassist Walter page
Commonwealth band
Finally dissolved because of this method
Benny Moten
Skilled ragtime pianist
Successful business man
Died from surgical complications
Size of Basies band
Small, with 9 pieces
Did count Basies small band use written arrangements or not?
No
Head arrangements
Music collectively stored in heads of musicians
What were jam sessions usually full of?
Head arrangements
Jam sessions
Collective mood but only one soloist at a time; the more musicians, the more notes were needed
Who brought Basies band into the mainstream
John Hammond
Industry standard band size
15 members
Who did count Basie work closely with to arrange for his band?
Trombonist Eddie Durham
What made Basie so unique?
Insisting on simplicity and refusing to interfere with the groove
Most crucial characteristic of Kansas City jazz?
Who was at its core?
Distinctive dance groove of four beats per bar
Walter Page
Blue devils:
Drums
Guitar
Bassist
Jo jones
Freddie green
Gene Ramey
Count Basies rhythm section was known as
The all American Rhythm section
Eddie Durham
One of the earliest electric guitarists who eventually played trombone in the blue devils
Trombones in count Basies band
Eddie Durham
Dickie wells
Buck Clayton
Trumpeter brought to count Basies band
Trumpets in count Basies band
Clayton
Edison
Most famous soloist to come out of count Basies band
Saxophonist Lester young
Lester youngs dueling partner
Herschel Evans
Basies vocalist
Jimmy rushing
Who was the only one left after the breaking up of count Basies big band when he planned to revive it?
Freddie green
What was count Basies new big band called?
New Testament
How did Ellington keep his musicians together during WWII?
Subsidizing them with his own money
Neal Hefti
Thad Jones
Basie’s new arrangers for the New Testament
Why did Ellington dislike the term “jazz”?
Sensed it tended to marginalize the creativity of black musicians
How did Ellington compose his music?
Collaborating with his musicians
T OR F no permanent record survives of ellingtons music
T
Ellingtons co composer
Billy stray horn
What “rule” was duke Ellington an exception to?
Organizing the band a certain way
Bubber Miley
Trumpet player, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots
Tricky Sam
Trombonist, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots
Sonny Greer
Drummer, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots
Harry carney
Joined Ellington and played baritone sax
Who was hired by Ellington in Miley’s place
Cootie Williams
Lawrence brown
Dignified man from ministers family in Kansas who joined ellingtons band as a trombonist
Barney Bigard
clarinet and tenor sax with Ellington
Juan Tizol
Ellingtons trombonist who played with valves rather than a slide
Ellingtons trombonists
Lawrence brown
Juan Tizol
Where did Ellington take his band in early 1930s
England and France
Who did Europeans compare duke Ellington to
Shakespeare
Film in which Ellington played himself
Symphony in black
Most critics consider when to be the peak of ellingtons career?
1940s
Johnny hodges
Chief alto saxophonist in ellingtons band
Early 1950z
Lots of theaters demolished or renovated, radio no longer broadcasted live music
Stephan Gripelli
Swing violin
Introverted intellectual who declined the limelight
billy strayhorn
Art Tatum
Pianist, one of the best at the time and one of Stephan’s idols
Diz
rhythm guitarist
at what age did Gripelli reach international acclaim?
70
what was Gripelli’s childhood like
ran away from orphanage at 10 years old, self taught violinist
Martin Taylor
one of the best jazz guitarists
________ was one of Stephan Gripelli’s favorite people
Queen Elizabeth
_________ wrote more sons than any other american composer
Duke Ellington
What did ellington do after he became famous?
bought his mother many gifts and a car to travel with him.
Fatts Waller’s mentor
James P Johnson
Who sold over 400 songs to music publishers several times because they didn’t pay him much?
Fats Waller
Big Band was made up of?
Sax, reed, brass sections and rhythm section
Instruments that made up the brass section of a big band
trumpet trombone
Instruments that made up the rhythm section
drums, bass, piano
Roseland ballroom
NY ballroom for only whites
Which ballroom allowed all races?
Savoy
Jelly Roll
claimed to have invented jazz all by himself, lost his band and everything, thought it was voodoo curse
Sidney Bichet
exiled from france, came and formed his own band
Hammond
raised in larger mansion, rich railroad family, dropped out of Yale to become musician and organized jam sessions for musicians and find new talent
How was Ellington different from other big band leaders?
Members stayed in the band for years and so he wrote specifically for each individual member
Duke’s mother’s death
led to deep depression, stopped writing and didn’t see anyone for a long time
Which piece of Ellington’s did Hammond criticize?
piece he wrote for his mother called reminiscing in tempo
Whose band was doing good and then during great depression was desperate to find work, no club owners liked their swing except the last stop in CA at the Pallomar ballroom?
Benny Goodman’s
whose band was the most swinging band of all
COunt Basies
when did swing reach its most popular point?
1930s, during great depression
Glazer
Armstrong’s new agent, put Louis in movies which made him even more famous
