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Jazz History > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

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0
Q

Swing was a _________

A

National music

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1
Q

Count Basie took root where ?

A

Kansas City

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2
Q

Blacks started heading to the southwest when? What did they call this region?

A

After the civil war seeking economic opportunity and freedom. Called it the territory

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3
Q

Boogie woogie’s early nickname

A

Fast western

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4
Q

Where did boogie woogie come from? When did it most rapidly spread?

A

Impossible to know, 1920s

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5
Q

As with ragtime, boogie woogie was built on what? How was it different from ragtime?

A

A firm rhythmic foundation in the left hand

Different because it doubled the pace with ostinatos that divided each beat into two

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6
Q

Boogie woogie gives measures a ________ feeling

A

Eight beat feeling

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7
Q

Where was one of the main places to hear boogie woogie in Kansas City?

A

Sunset cafe

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8
Q

Who were the main attractions at the sunset cafe?

A

Big joe turner and Pete Johnson

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9
Q

What did Pete Johnson become famous for?

A

Playing percussive blues that seemed to never end

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10
Q

What style music was rock n rolls predecessor?

A

Boogie woogie

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11
Q

What happened to boogie woogie in the 1930s?

A

Struggled to survive because it was hard to transfer to the printed page, but then made a comeback when it became a craze with the whites

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12
Q

Folk revival

A

Self conscious attempt to publicize black folk traditions whose central figure was John Hammond

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13
Q

Territory bands

A

Worked a geographic area no more than a day’s drive from their headquarters

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14
Q

T or F All territory bands were male

A

F

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15
Q

T or F territory bands were extremely variant in that they were made up of black or white and played different music styles

A

T

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16
Q

T or F only a few territory bands ever set foot in a studio

A

T

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17
Q

The 12 clouds of joy was led by

A

Tuba player Andy Kirk

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18
Q

Typical life for a territory band during the depression

A

Constant touring
No access to recording studios
Constant threat of financial failure

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19
Q

3 future star saxophonists that passed through the twelve clouds of joy

A

Ben Webster
Lester young
Buddy tate

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20
Q

Mary Lou Williams

A

Pianist and arranger of twelve clouds of joy

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21
Q

How did Mary Lou learn to play piano?

A

Listening to records of jelly roll James p Johnson and earl Hines growing up

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22
Q

Most famous band leader from Kansas City was? Where did he grow up?

A

Count Basie

New Jersey

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23
Q

How did count Basie grow up

A

Working class family in New Jersey

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24
Q

Who did count Basie hear playing from his hotel window in Oklahoma City

A

Blue Devils

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25
Q

Blue Devils

A

Led by bassist Walter page
Commonwealth band
Finally dissolved because of this method

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26
Q

Benny Moten

A

Skilled ragtime pianist
Successful business man
Died from surgical complications

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27
Q

Size of Basies band

A

Small, with 9 pieces

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28
Q

Did count Basies small band use written arrangements or not?

A

No

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29
Q

Head arrangements

A

Music collectively stored in heads of musicians

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30
Q

What were jam sessions usually full of?

A

Head arrangements

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31
Q

Jam sessions

A

Collective mood but only one soloist at a time; the more musicians, the more notes were needed

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32
Q

Who brought Basies band into the mainstream

A

John Hammond

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33
Q

Industry standard band size

A

15 members

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34
Q

Who did count Basie work closely with to arrange for his band?

A

Trombonist Eddie Durham

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35
Q

What made Basie so unique?

A

Insisting on simplicity and refusing to interfere with the groove

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36
Q

Most crucial characteristic of Kansas City jazz?

Who was at its core?

A

Distinctive dance groove of four beats per bar

Walter Page

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37
Q

Blue devils:
Drums
Guitar
Bassist

A

Jo jones
Freddie green
Gene Ramey

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38
Q

Count Basies rhythm section was known as

A

The all American Rhythm section

39
Q

Eddie Durham

A

One of the earliest electric guitarists who eventually played trombone in the blue devils

40
Q

Trombones in count Basies band

A

Eddie Durham

Dickie wells

41
Q

Buck Clayton

A

Trumpeter brought to count Basies band

42
Q

Trumpets in count Basies band

A

Clayton

Edison

43
Q

Most famous soloist to come out of count Basies band

A

Saxophonist Lester young

44
Q

Lester youngs dueling partner

A

Herschel Evans

45
Q

Basies vocalist

A

Jimmy rushing

46
Q

Who was the only one left after the breaking up of count Basies big band when he planned to revive it?

A

Freddie green

47
Q

What was count Basies new big band called?

A

New Testament

48
Q

How did Ellington keep his musicians together during WWII?

A

Subsidizing them with his own money

49
Q

Neal Hefti

Thad Jones

A

Basie’s new arrangers for the New Testament

50
Q

Why did Ellington dislike the term “jazz”?

A

Sensed it tended to marginalize the creativity of black musicians

51
Q

How did Ellington compose his music?

A

Collaborating with his musicians

52
Q

T OR F no permanent record survives of ellingtons music

A

T

53
Q

Ellingtons co composer

A

Billy stray horn

54
Q

What “rule” was duke Ellington an exception to?

A

Organizing the band a certain way

55
Q

Bubber Miley

A

Trumpet player, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots

56
Q

Tricky Sam

A

Trombonist, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots

57
Q

Sonny Greer

A

Drummer, one of ellingtons earliest compatriots

58
Q

Harry carney

A

Joined Ellington and played baritone sax

59
Q

Who was hired by Ellington in Miley’s place

A

Cootie Williams

60
Q

Lawrence brown

A

Dignified man from ministers family in Kansas who joined ellingtons band as a trombonist

61
Q

Barney Bigard

A

clarinet and tenor sax with Ellington

62
Q

Juan Tizol

A

Ellingtons trombonist who played with valves rather than a slide

63
Q

Ellingtons trombonists

A

Lawrence brown

Juan Tizol

64
Q

Where did Ellington take his band in early 1930s

A

England and France

65
Q

Who did Europeans compare duke Ellington to

A

Shakespeare

66
Q

Film in which Ellington played himself

A

Symphony in black

67
Q

Most critics consider when to be the peak of ellingtons career?

A

1940s

68
Q

Johnny hodges

A

Chief alto saxophonist in ellingtons band

69
Q

Early 1950z

A

Lots of theaters demolished or renovated, radio no longer broadcasted live music

70
Q

Stephan Gripelli

A

Swing violin

71
Q

Introverted intellectual who declined the limelight

A

billy strayhorn

72
Q

Art Tatum

A

Pianist, one of the best at the time and one of Stephan’s idols

73
Q

Diz

A

rhythm guitarist

74
Q

at what age did Gripelli reach international acclaim?

A

70

75
Q

what was Gripelli’s childhood like

A

ran away from orphanage at 10 years old, self taught violinist

76
Q

Martin Taylor

A

one of the best jazz guitarists

77
Q

________ was one of Stephan Gripelli’s favorite people

A

Queen Elizabeth

78
Q

_________ wrote more sons than any other american composer

A

Duke Ellington

79
Q

What did ellington do after he became famous?

A

bought his mother many gifts and a car to travel with him.

80
Q

Fatts Waller’s mentor

A

James P Johnson

81
Q

Who sold over 400 songs to music publishers several times because they didn’t pay him much?

A

Fats Waller

82
Q

Big Band was made up of?

A

Sax, reed, brass sections and rhythm section

83
Q

Instruments that made up the brass section of a big band

A

trumpet trombone

84
Q

Instruments that made up the rhythm section

A

drums, bass, piano

85
Q

Roseland ballroom

A

NY ballroom for only whites

86
Q

Which ballroom allowed all races?

A

Savoy

87
Q

Jelly Roll

A

claimed to have invented jazz all by himself, lost his band and everything, thought it was voodoo curse

88
Q

Sidney Bichet

A

exiled from france, came and formed his own band

89
Q

Hammond

A

raised in larger mansion, rich railroad family, dropped out of Yale to become musician and organized jam sessions for musicians and find new talent

90
Q

How was Ellington different from other big band leaders?

A

Members stayed in the band for years and so he wrote specifically for each individual member

91
Q

Duke’s mother’s death

A

led to deep depression, stopped writing and didn’t see anyone for a long time

92
Q

Which piece of Ellington’s did Hammond criticize?

A

piece he wrote for his mother called reminiscing in tempo

93
Q

Whose band was doing good and then during great depression was desperate to find work, no club owners liked their swing except the last stop in CA at the Pallomar ballroom?

A

Benny Goodman’s

94
Q

whose band was the most swinging band of all

A

COunt Basies

95
Q

when did swing reach its most popular point?

A

1930s, during great depression

96
Q

Glazer

A

Armstrong’s new agent, put Louis in movies which made him even more famous

Jazz History (3 decks)

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