Final Exam Review

Question 1

secret services founded in 1909 that were led by upper classmen

Answer 1

Secret Intelligence Service (MI5) and Security Service (MI6)

Question 2

upper class elders that ran the security services

Answer 2

petrition

Question 3

a MI5 success in 1924 that cost the labor party the election, as they were framed as communists

Answer 3

Zinoviev Letter

Question 4

Occurred in 1940 where the MI6 get a call from German soldiers who want to overthrow Hitler; they went to Germany were captured and revealed every single MI6 agent’s identity

Answer 4

Venlo Incident

Question 5

An intelligence agency created by Churchill and his war cabinet in 1940 to “Set Europe Ablaze”
Led by Sir Frank Nelson
Did not shun publicity
Had more than 9,000 agents in enemy occupied territory
Operated on a global basis
Was disbanded in 1946

Answer 5

Special Operations Executive (SOE)

Question 6

SOE was made up of

Answer 6

working class, foreign people, police officers, etc.

Question 7

Year the first James Bond novel “Casino Royale” is released

Answer 7

1953

Question 8

Britain’s Royal Genre

Answer 8

James Bond movies

Question 9

Soviet Union spy who gave information to the Soviet Union from Britain

Answer 9

Kim Philby

Question 10

Nazi party security service

Answer 10

Sicherheitsdienst (SD)

Question 11

first woman to work as a special agent for Britain

Answer 11

Krystyna Skarbek/Christine Granville

Question 12

Misconceptions of Ultra

Answer 12

It didn’t decide the outcome of the war (Germany would have been defeated eventually)

It made only a marginal contribution (it did shorten the war)

Allies would have prevailed in the rate of shipbuilding (but allies knew from ultra)

Question 13

formed by the EH group in August 1941 to diminish enemy morale and resistance by various forms of propaganda

Answer 13

political warfare executive

Question 14

SOE facility sections

Answer 14

wireless, finance, tailoring, training

Question 15

What was a major cause of all the disasters that occurred in WW2?

Answer 15

Britain has a lot of territory and commits to combat zones but not offer supplies to help achieve victory in the areas

Question 16

Country used Germany’s war for it’s gain and invaded Greece in 1940 (and failed) and struggles in North Africa and is eventually overwhelmed by British troops

Answer 16

Italy

Question 17

War that Britain won and displayed a new era of war with machines and petroleum; was also known as the war of the desert

Answer 17

War in North Africa

Question 18

nickname for British soldiers fighting in the North African deserts

Answer 18

The Desert Rats

Question 19

second most popular British WW2 celebrity who recognized Brits can be resupplied quicker than Germans; approached it with attrition

Answer 19

Bernard Montgomery

Question 20

The First British victory in 1942 against the Germans, which Churchill claimed was the end of the beginning

Answer 20

Battle of El Alamein

Question 21

considered the good Germans

Answer 21

West Germans

Question 22

considered the bad Germans

Answer 22

East Germans

Question 23

trials for people who committed war crimes that was on national TV; majority was Nazis who claimed they were following orders, those guilty were executed

Answer 23

Nuremburg Trials

Question 24

signed in 1929 claiming how POWs were to be treated

Answer 24

Geneova Convention

Question 25

genre Britain tends to portray British POW films in German camps

Answer 25

school literature (a bunch of misfits up to no good)

Question 26

first film about the Holocaust released in 1976, 30 years after the end of WW2, that was watered down

Answer 26

The Holocaust

Question 27

POW facility in Berlin where POWs built an airplane they were planning to fly out of the castle when the war was over

Answer 27

Colditz Castle

Question 28

Why Japan attacked both the US and Britain in 1941

Answer 28

to access international resources and take down strong naval powers

Question 29

Occurred in February 1942 that was the end of the British empire in Asia (worst day for Britain); where 150,000 commonwealth troops surrender in one day due to not having naval support

Answer 29

Fall of Singapore

Question 30

Occurred May 1943; mission was to destroy dams and cut off Germany's ability to provide ammunitions and destroy hydro electric power

Answer 30

Dam Buster Mission

Question 31

term starts in 1940 describing a strong and important diplomatic relationship; ex. Churchill and FDR & Thatcher and Reagan

Answer 31

Special Relationship

Question 32

Event where Britain found different places to land in France in August 1942, but cannot grasp gradual attack. The have Canadian commandos come to help and over 4% die

Answer 32

Dep Invasion

Question 33

beginning of North African campaign in 1942, first time the US and Britain worked together on an invasion plan; by this time Churchill and FDR have developed a close relationship

Answer 33

Operation Torch

Question 34

Signed by Churchill and FDR in August 1941 that agreed to their countries not seeking territorial reign, have no territorial changes, respect the right of all people to choose their form of government

Answer 34

The Atlantic Charter

Question 35

Occurred in June 6, 1944 where 5 Normandy beaches were invaded and about 150,000 men landed, majority being British; boosted moral for Britain, gave them heroic story and a patriotic sense

Answer 35

D-Day

Question 36

military alliance formed in 1949 by allied nations that won the war together

Answer 36

NATO

Question 37

Film made in 1956 that is the first indication that popular British culture is interested in D-Day

Answer 37

D-Day The Sixth of June

Question 38

Film made in 1959 that gives credit to the British for how long they've been in the war and displays them as efficient

Answer 38

The Longest Day

Question 39

film made in 2015 that portrayed people celebrating the people's war and has the queen relating to the masses and simple life

Answer 39

A Royal Night Out

Question 40

community eating centers the government set up where people can go eat; opens 2,000 restaurants

Answer 40

British Restaurants

Question 41

published in 1942; is a government document that lays out what British policy should look like in the future based on social services and the work needed to maintain national employment

Answer 41

Beveridge Report

Question 41

becomes the new Prime Minister for the labor party during the 1945 election (did not expect to win)

Answer 41

Clement Attlee

Question 41

government owned housing state accommodation

Answer 41

council estate

Question 42

provided modern housing to low income families

Answer 42

socialist plan

Question 43

the end of the war in May 1945 (unless you had family members in Asia)

Answer 43

VE Day

Question 44

Date when Japan finally surrendered

Answer 44

September 8, 1945

Question 45

Why did people wait until the war ended to rebuild?

Answer 45

-they didn't want to waster raw materials and funds -construction workers were in the war -it would probably be blown up again

Question 46

challenges the labor party faced after winning the election

Answer 46

rebuilding rationing maintain world position (taking care of Germany) social services (funding) demobilization debt

Question 47

ended in September 1945 leaving Britain in a "financial Dunkirk"; was lended materials (food) and equipment from the US to Britain

Answer 47

Lend Lease

Question 48

In _____ the US loaned Britain 2 billion dollars (which was repaid in 2007)

Answer 48

1946

Question 49

award given to citizens during the Blitz, underscoring WWII being the people's war

Answer 49

George Cross

Question 50

biggest challenge Attlee faced after the war

Answer 50

the Empire's world position

Question 51

passed in 1948 that says if you were a Commonwealth state citizen living in Britain, then you had equal standing with British citizens; this led to huge immigration to Britain and 20% of British citizens being colored

Answer 51

British Nationality Act

Question 52

small houses made temporarily during reconstruction; many were destroyed in 1960

Answer 52

prefab

Question 53

from 1942-1979, there is very little difference between conservative and labor policies

Answer 53

post war consensus

Question 54

occurs in 1973 when there is an oil shortage, revealing the catastrophic condition of British economy

Answer 54

Opec oil embargo

Question 55

First American statues in Great Britain

Answer 55

Abraham Lincoln (1920) and George Washington (1921)

Question 56

First statue to go up after WWII

Answer 56

FDR

Question 57

Year Churchill's statue came up in London while he was still alive

Answer 57

1955

Question 58

Statue that came up in 1988 and is not in London

Answer 58

Clement Attlee

Question 59

Statue that is frequently vandalized due to being in charge of ordering bombings on Germany

Answer 59

Arthur Harris

Question 60

How monuments are paid for

Answer 60

public subscription

Question 61

biggest and most well known museum in Britain that opened in 1917 during a low point in WWI in the Crystal palace before moving to Bethlem Hospital in 1936

Answer 61

Imperial War Museum

Question 62

made in 1960 in the center of historic London that signifies soldiers, not the people's war

Answer 62

National Army Museum

Question 63

the famed Dambusters raid that took place in 1943 with the goal of bombing 3 German dams to deprive Ruhr industry and the Mittelland canal of water

Answer 63

Operation Chastise

Question 64

year the British television industry began

Answer 64

1930

Question 65

becomes Prime Minister in 1979; rolls back the Welfare State created by the Labor Party in 1945

Answer 65

Margaret Thatcher

Question 66

when both parties in the UK were on the same page and wanted the National Health Service, state controlled housing and broadcasting to remain as the social fabric of Britain

Answer 66

Welfare State

Question 67

the only channel on British television in the early 1900s with no advertising (paid for by Labor party)

Answer 67

BBC, British Broadcasting Corporation

Question 68

second channel in British TV created in 1955 that existed to allow local TV programming to develop, had commercials unlike BBC

Answer 68

ITV

Question 69

One of the first dramatic TV programs in 1957 that taps into the prison war genre

Answer 69

Escape

Question 70

third channel created in 1964

Answer 70

BBC 2

Question 71

year inflation and unemployment reach post-war height

Answer 71

1975

Question 72

series of film and TV programs revolving around the question, "What if the Germans won?"

Answer 72

SSGB

Question 73

British conservative ideology named after Conservative Party leader Margaret Thatcher that relates to not just her political platform and particular policies but also her personal character and style of management while in office

Answer 73

Thatcherism

Question 74

occurred in 1956 when Britain invaded Egypt after the President nationalized the the Suez Canal and disrupted Britain's international order

Answer 74

Suez crisis

Question 75

a ten-week undeclared war between Argentina and the United Kingdom in 1982 over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic

Answer 75

Falklands War

Question 76

code name for the decrypted messages of the German, Italian and Japanese armed forces during World War II.

Answer 76

ultra

Question 77

occurred in 1941 that prompted the SOE to eventually have an ally landing on the continent

Answer 77

Germany invading Russia