Final Exam review Flashcards
What are the areas located posterior to the broad ligaments adjacent to the
uterus called?
Adnexa
What is the name for the splitting of a vessel into two?
Bifurcation
What is the name for a pregnancy located outside of the uterus; also referred to
as an ectopic pregnancy.
Extrauterine pregnancy
What is the enlargement of an organ or structure called?
Hypertrophy
What Is a sonographic sign of pain with probe pressure over the gallbladder often
used to assess for cholecystitis.
Murphy’s sign
What is the formation of a blood clot called?
Thrombus
What coursework would be likely to strengthen the clinical skills required of a
sonography student?
-Public speaking courses
-Computer courses
-Medical terminology courses
-All of these
All of these
Diagnostic ultrasound is:
Use of sound waves to create images of the internal structures of the body
What is HIPAA?
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act - privacy and security of health information
What imaging modality directly resulted from Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen’s
discovery on November 8, 1895?
Radiography
What imaging modality is considered the gold standard in breast imaging?
Mammography
The general state of feeling worried and fear before confronting something
emotionally or physically challenging describes:
Anxiety
Which type of person would be described as someone who would most likely feel
“if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”?
Sensing
What type of person keeps lists and uses them?
Judger
The ability of a healthcare worker to manage his or her interpersonal and
intrapersonal skills increases his or her:
Capacity to cope with stress and job satisfaction
What is/are trait(s) that both employers and patients expect from sonographers?
Respectful
To be empathetic, one must:
Attempt to view the world through others’ eyes
Compassion fatigue results from the combination of:
Traumatic stress and burnout
How do sonographers keep current with changes in healthcare in order to
maintain certification after one is registered or certified?
Continuing medical education
What is the speed of sound in soft tissue?
1,540 meters per second m/s or 1.54 millimeters per microsecond mm/us
Who discovered that sound needed a medium to travel through?
Robert Boyle
Who discovered that the pitch of sound waves varies if the source of the sound
was moving?
Christian Doppler
Who was the first to use ultrasound in medicine, when he imaged the lateral
ventricle in the brain?
Karl Dussik
What non-imaging mode would be used to demonstrate the movement of the
fetal heart and the myocardial wall thickness during both systole and diastole?
M-mode
What organs are included in a typical abdominal sonogram protocol?
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
Bladder
Breast sonography is preferred over mammography for patients under:
30 years
What is the typical patient preparation for a pelvic transabdominal sonogram?
Filling the urinary bladder by drinking 32 oz of water an hour before the examination, allowing for the bladder to distend.
Which organization recommends program accreditation?
Joint Review Committee on Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography
Which type of leader motivates followers to achieve organizational goals by
offering inspiration?
Transformational
Emotionally intelligent leaders:
Can identify the needs of others
Who is responsible for planning, controlling, directing, and organizing day-to-day
functions of the sonography department?
Sonography manager
How many years does a sonographer work before pain typically manifests?
5
What is true of repetitive strain injury?
Damage to the joint is accumulative
What can lead to the development of a WRMSD?
Extreme arm abduction
What is also referred to as lateral epicondylitis?
tennis elbow
Muscle fatigue increases once the shoulder is abducted great than:
30 degrees
In what position is the wrist the strongest?
Routine handshake position
Which ethical theory focuses on the highest amount of benefit for the most
people?
Teleological theory
Treating every patient fairly with respect and compassion can be achieved by
practicing:
The golden rule
What organization provides a code of ethics for sonographers?
The Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography (SDMS)
What is an example of the non-diagnostic use of ultrasound?
Entertainment ultrasound
What is true of first impressions in the clinical setting?
You should every interaction as a job interview
What is the basis for decisions of a case based on previous cases?
Stare decision
You hear a sonographer speak poorly about the radiologist who will be reading
her sonogram in front of that patient. The patient then refuses for the radiologist
to interpret her sonographic images and then posts negative comments on social
media about the radiologist group based on the sonographer’s statements. The
sonographer could be charged with:
Slander
An act that directly caused damages or injury to the patient is:
Direct cause
Res ipsa loquitur is a doctrine of:
Negligence
What is obtained by having a patient sign a document before an invasive
sonographic examination?
Informed consent
HIPAA requires:
healthcare providers and organizations to protect the privacy and confidentiality of health information.
What is another term/name for inferior?
Caudal
Contralateral means:
The opposite side of the body
Posterior means
The back surface of the body or nearer to the back
Lying face down refers to:
Prone
Person in the reclined position with the feet raised higher than the head is in:
Trendelenburg position
What relates to the amount of energy the transducer emits into the patient
Acoustic power
Which of the following would be used in the first-trimester obstetric sonogram to
demonstrate fetal heart activity
M-mode
Which type of transducer would require soaking in a decontamination solution
after each use?
Endovaginal transducer
What is the third step in Maslow hierarchy of needs?
Love
What is the first phase of the grieving process?
Denial
What are examples of nonverbal communication?
Body movement
Posture
Eye movement
Facial expression
Vocal cues
Touch
Use of space
Timing
Clothing
Kinesics refers to:
study of body movement/orientation/posture/gestures.
What is an acceptable distance to remain at when talking with a stranger?
3 feet
What is a closed-ended question?
A question with options to choose a response for, for example: a multiple-choice question
What are some good practices when communicating with a child?
Communicate with them at eye level
What is the first step of cultural competence?
Cultural awareness
What is described as the differences that exist between individuals, or groups of
individuals, that include, but is not limited to, age, gender, sexual orientation,
religion, ethnicity, and skin color?
Diversity
The amount of blood flow ejected from the left ventricle of the heart during
systole and the amount of resistance the blood meets is:
Blood pressure
What uses light to assess the hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the arterial
blood?
Pulse oximeter
The arm that is used to obtain the blood pressure should be placed:
At the level of the heart
Inspiration causes the chest to:
Rise
Urinary catheter bags should be placed:
Below the bladder
To obtain a pulse, one should use his or her:
Middle and index finger
What mode can be used to demonstrate the fetal heart motion during a
sonogram?
M-mode
What type of shock would result from trauma and internal bleeding?
Hypovelmic
What type of shock results from the inability of the heart to perfuse the body?
Cardiogenic
After completing a sonogram on an elderly patient, the patient sits up too quickly
and becomes dizzy. This is referred to as:
Orthostatic hypotension
Typically, a pulmonary embolism originates within the
Legs
The “F” in the FAST stroke acronym stands for:
Face drooping
Mini-stroke is referred to as:
Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
What type of diabetes is most often diagnosed before age 30?
Type 1
What are types of viruses?
Smallest organisms known to cause disease in humans; genetic composition is either DNA or RNA, but never both; attach to a host cell that has a receptor site and invade the cell; can mutate
Contamination by intermediate object or person is known as:
Indirect transimission
What is the most common type of healthcare-associated infection reported?
UTI
List standard precautions.
Wash hands
Wear gloves
Wear mask
Wear gown
Sharps disposal
When would the CDC recommend that a healthcare worker wash his or her
hands instead of using an alcohol-based hand rub?
When they visibly soiled
Another name for sterile technique is:
Medical/Surgical asepsis
The removal of ascites is referred to as:
Paracentesis
The removal of pleural fluid is referred to as:
Thoracentesis
What is true of a needle’s gauge?
The higher the number, the smaller the needle
Which laboratory tests does not provide information relating to blood clotting?
BUN
What position is the patient typically placed in for a thoracentesis?
Upright
ALARA stands for:
as low as reasonably achievable
Orthogonal planes refers to:
Perpendicular planes
For a carotid sonogram, the angle between the direction of flowing blood and the
applied Doppler signal should not exceed:
60 degrees
Which exams require special patient preparation?
GB
What organs are included in a typical abdominal sonogram?
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
Bladder
Aorta and other blood vessels
Adrenal glands
Lymph niodes
Abdominal wall
Failure to comply to a certain standard of care would result in:
Breach of Duty
What is the smallest organism known to cause disease in humans?
Virus
What would be the most likely clinical sign of MRSA?
Oozing mass
What type of shock could result from an allergy from intravenous contrast?
Anaphylactic
What disorder is commonly associated with epilepsy?
Disorder characterized by seizures
