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Sonography > Final Exam review > Flashcards

Final Exam review Flashcards

1
Q

What are the areas located posterior to the broad ligaments adjacent to the
uterus called?

A

Adnexa

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2
Q

What is the name for the splitting of a vessel into two?

A

Bifurcation

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3
Q

What is the name for a pregnancy located outside of the uterus; also referred to
as an ectopic pregnancy.

A

Extrauterine pregnancy

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4
Q

What is the enlargement of an organ or structure called?

A

Hypertrophy

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5
Q

What Is a sonographic sign of pain with probe pressure over the gallbladder often
used to assess for cholecystitis.

A

Murphy’s sign

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6
Q

What is the formation of a blood clot called?

A

Thrombus

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7
Q

What coursework would be likely to strengthen the clinical skills required of a
sonography student?

-Public speaking courses
-Computer courses
-Medical terminology courses
-All of these

A

All of these

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8
Q

Diagnostic ultrasound is:

A

Use of sound waves to create images of the internal structures of the body

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9
Q

What is HIPAA?

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act - privacy and security of health information

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10
Q

What imaging modality directly resulted from Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen’s
discovery on November 8, 1895?

A

Radiography

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11
Q

What imaging modality is considered the gold standard in breast imaging?

A

Mammography

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12
Q

The general state of feeling worried and fear before confronting something
emotionally or physically challenging describes:

A

Anxiety

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13
Q

Which type of person would be described as someone who would most likely feel
“if it ain’t broke, don’t fix it”?

A

Sensing

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14
Q

What type of person keeps lists and uses them?

A

Judger

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15
Q

The ability of a healthcare worker to manage his or her interpersonal and
intrapersonal skills increases his or her:

A

Capacity to cope with stress and job satisfaction

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16
Q

What is/are trait(s) that both employers and patients expect from sonographers?

A

Respectful

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17
Q

To be empathetic, one must:

A

Attempt to view the world through others’ eyes

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18
Q

Compassion fatigue results from the combination of:

A

Traumatic stress and burnout

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19
Q

How do sonographers keep current with changes in healthcare in order to
maintain certification after one is registered or certified?

A

Continuing medical education

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20
Q

What is the speed of sound in soft tissue?

A

1,540 meters per second m/s or 1.54 millimeters per microsecond mm/us

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21
Q

Who discovered that sound needed a medium to travel through?

A

Robert Boyle

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22
Q

Who discovered that the pitch of sound waves varies if the source of the sound
was moving?

A

Christian Doppler

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23
Q

Who was the first to use ultrasound in medicine, when he imaged the lateral
ventricle in the brain?

A

Karl Dussik

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24
Q

What non-imaging mode would be used to demonstrate the movement of the
fetal heart and the myocardial wall thickness during both systole and diastole?

A

M-mode

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25
Q

What organs are included in a typical abdominal sonogram protocol?

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
Bladder

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26
Q

Breast sonography is preferred over mammography for patients under:

A

30 years

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27
Q

What is the typical patient preparation for a pelvic transabdominal sonogram?

A

Filling the urinary bladder by drinking 32 oz of water an hour before the examination, allowing for the bladder to distend.

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28
Q

Which organization recommends program accreditation?

A

Joint Review Committee on Education in Diagnostic Medical Sonography

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29
Q

Which type of leader motivates followers to achieve organizational goals by
offering inspiration?

A

Transformational

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30
Q

Emotionally intelligent leaders:

A

Can identify the needs of others

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31
Q

Who is responsible for planning, controlling, directing, and organizing day-to-day
functions of the sonography department?

A

Sonography manager

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32
Q

How many years does a sonographer work before pain typically manifests?

A

5

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33
Q

What is true of repetitive strain injury?

A

Damage to the joint is accumulative

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34
Q

What can lead to the development of a WRMSD?

A

Extreme arm abduction

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35
Q

What is also referred to as lateral epicondylitis?

A

tennis elbow

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36
Q

Muscle fatigue increases once the shoulder is abducted great than:

A

30 degrees

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37
Q

In what position is the wrist the strongest?

A

Routine handshake position

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38
Q

Which ethical theory focuses on the highest amount of benefit for the most
people?

A

Teleological theory

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39
Q

Treating every patient fairly with respect and compassion can be achieved by
practicing:

A

The golden rule

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40
Q

What organization provides a code of ethics for sonographers?

A

The Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography (SDMS)

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41
Q

What is an example of the non-diagnostic use of ultrasound?

A

Entertainment ultrasound

42
Q

What is true of first impressions in the clinical setting?

A

You should every interaction as a job interview

43
Q

What is the basis for decisions of a case based on previous cases?

A

Stare decision

44
Q

You hear a sonographer speak poorly about the radiologist who will be reading
her sonogram in front of that patient. The patient then refuses for the radiologist
to interpret her sonographic images and then posts negative comments on social
media about the radiologist group based on the sonographer’s statements. The
sonographer could be charged with:

A

Slander

45
Q

An act that directly caused damages or injury to the patient is:

A

Direct cause

46
Q

Res ipsa loquitur is a doctrine of:

A

Negligence

47
Q

What is obtained by having a patient sign a document before an invasive
sonographic examination?

A

Informed consent

48
Q

HIPAA requires:

A

healthcare providers and organizations to protect the privacy and confidentiality of health information.

49
Q

What is another term/name for inferior?

A

Caudal

50
Q

Contralateral means:

A

The opposite side of the body

51
Q

Posterior means

A

The back surface of the body or nearer to the back

52
Q

Lying face down refers to:

A

Prone

53
Q

Person in the reclined position with the feet raised higher than the head is in:

A

Trendelenburg position

54
Q

What relates to the amount of energy the transducer emits into the patient

A

Acoustic power

55
Q

Which of the following would be used in the first-trimester obstetric sonogram to
demonstrate fetal heart activity

A

M-mode

56
Q

Which type of transducer would require soaking in a decontamination solution
after each use?

A

Endovaginal transducer

57
Q

What is the third step in Maslow hierarchy of needs?

A

Love

58
Q

What is the first phase of the grieving process?

A

Denial

59
Q

What are examples of nonverbal communication?

A

Body movement
Posture
Eye movement
Facial expression
Vocal cues
Touch
Use of space
Timing
Clothing

60
Q

Kinesics refers to:

A

study of body movement/orientation/posture/gestures.

61
Q

What is an acceptable distance to remain at when talking with a stranger?

A

3 feet

62
Q

What is a closed-ended question?

A

A question with options to choose a response for, for example: a multiple-choice question

63
Q

What are some good practices when communicating with a child?

A

Communicate with them at eye level

64
Q

What is the first step of cultural competence?

A

Cultural awareness

65
Q

What is described as the differences that exist between individuals, or groups of
individuals, that include, but is not limited to, age, gender, sexual orientation,
religion, ethnicity, and skin color?

A

Diversity

66
Q

The amount of blood flow ejected from the left ventricle of the heart during
systole and the amount of resistance the blood meets is:

A

Blood pressure

67
Q

What uses light to assess the hemoglobin oxygen saturation in the arterial
blood?

A

Pulse oximeter

68
Q

The arm that is used to obtain the blood pressure should be placed:

A

At the level of the heart

69
Q

Inspiration causes the chest to:

A

Rise

70
Q

Urinary catheter bags should be placed:

A

Below the bladder

71
Q

To obtain a pulse, one should use his or her:

A

Middle and index finger

72
Q

What mode can be used to demonstrate the fetal heart motion during a
sonogram?

A

M-mode

73
Q

What type of shock would result from trauma and internal bleeding?

A

Hypovelmic

74
Q

What type of shock results from the inability of the heart to perfuse the body?

A

Cardiogenic

75
Q

After completing a sonogram on an elderly patient, the patient sits up too quickly
and becomes dizzy. This is referred to as:

A

Orthostatic hypotension

76
Q

Typically, a pulmonary embolism originates within the

A

Legs

77
Q

The “F” in the FAST stroke acronym stands for:

A

Face drooping

78
Q

Mini-stroke is referred to as:

A

Transient ischemic attack (TIA)

79
Q

What type of diabetes is most often diagnosed before age 30?

A

Type 1

80
Q

What are types of viruses?

A

Smallest organisms known to cause disease in humans; genetic composition is either DNA or RNA, but never both; attach to a host cell that has a receptor site and invade the cell; can mutate

81
Q

Contamination by intermediate object or person is known as:

A

Indirect transimission

82
Q

What is the most common type of healthcare-associated infection reported?

A

UTI

83
Q

List standard precautions.

A

Wash hands
Wear gloves
Wear mask
Wear gown
Sharps disposal

84
Q

When would the CDC recommend that a healthcare worker wash his or her
hands instead of using an alcohol-based hand rub?

A

When they visibly soiled

85
Q

Another name for sterile technique is:

A

Medical/Surgical asepsis

86
Q

The removal of ascites is referred to as:

A

Paracentesis

87
Q

The removal of pleural fluid is referred to as:

A

Thoracentesis

88
Q

What is true of a needle’s gauge?

A

The higher the number, the smaller the needle

89
Q

Which laboratory tests does not provide information relating to blood clotting?

A

BUN

90
Q

What position is the patient typically placed in for a thoracentesis?

A

Upright

91
Q

ALARA stands for:

A

as low as reasonably achievable

92
Q

Orthogonal planes refers to:

A

Perpendicular planes

93
Q

For a carotid sonogram, the angle between the direction of flowing blood and the
applied Doppler signal should not exceed:

A

60 degrees

94
Q

Which exams require special patient preparation?

A

GB

95
Q

What organs are included in a typical abdominal sonogram?

A

Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Spleen
Kidneys
Bladder
Aorta and other blood vessels
Adrenal glands
Lymph niodes
Abdominal wall

96
Q

Failure to comply to a certain standard of care would result in:

A

Breach of Duty

97
Q

What is the smallest organism known to cause disease in humans?

A

Virus

98
Q

What would be the most likely clinical sign of MRSA?

A

Oozing mass

99
Q

What type of shock could result from an allergy from intravenous contrast?

A

Anaphylactic

100
Q

What disorder is commonly associated with epilepsy?

A

Disorder characterized by seizures

101
Q
A

Sonography (3 decks)

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