Final Exam Review

Question 1

Which intravenous agen used for hypotensive technique presents reflex tachycardia after administration?

Answer 1

Sodium nitroprusside

Question 2

This drug inhibits carbonic anhydrase and decreases aqueous humor production In patients with glaucoma.

Answer 2

Acetazolamide

Question 3

Nitrous oxide should be discontinued at least ________ before the sulfur hexafluoride(SF6) bubble is placed.

Answer 3

15 minutes before

Question 4

During sinus nasal procedures, the patient may be necessitated by Samter syndrome. The samter triad presents which of the following.

Answer 4

• Nasal Polyps
• Asthma
• Aspirin Allergy

Question 5

The _______ is frequently used to assess recurrent laryngeal and vocal cord function during thyroid surgery.

Answer 5

NIM tube

Question 6

Blood loss during tonsillectomy is difficult to assess but has been estimated to average 4ml/kg or ______ % of blood volume

Answer 6

50%

Question 7

In the adult, the area of the _____ is considered the narrowest portion of the larynx

Answer 7

Vocal cords

Question 8

______ are the best choice for cleft palate repair, tonsillectomy, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, and procedures of the eye or upper face

Answer 8

Oral RAE tubes

Question 9

This drug is a non-selective beta antagonist that decreases aqueous humor production in patients with glaucoma

Answer 9

Timolol

Question 10

Which of the following is considered a paired cartilage of the larynx?

Answer 10

Question 11

____ is considered the most common injury occurring after general anesthesia

Answer 11

Corneal abrasion

Question 12

Please select an amide local anesthetic commonly used in ENT surgery

Answer 12

Bupivacaine

Question 13

A gas mixture of ____ L/min of oxygen with 1.80 L/min of air will give you an O2 concentration of 28.9% for ENT surgery

Answer 13

0.20

Question 14

Pair the Orbital muscle and innervation correctly in the image below

Answer 14

Question 15

This drug is an irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor that promotes aqueous humor drainage via the canal of Schlemm in patients with glaucoma.

Answer 15

Echothiophate

Question 16

___ all have an embedded coiled wire or plastic coil strand to produce a tube with greater flexibility and memory

Answer 16

Armored or reinforced ETT

Question 17

The ____ nerve is responsible for eliciting the gag reflex during instrumentation of the posterior pharynx and vallecular

Answer 17

Glossopharyngeal

Question 18

These structures are removed during a total laryngectomy. Select all that apply.

Answer 18

• Hyoid bone
• Entire Larynx
• Cricoid cartilage
• Two or three rings of the trachea

Question 19

Pair Matched correctly question.
Le Forte Facial Fractures I, II, III.

Answer 19

Question 20

You are preparing to perform a retrobulbar block with an injection along the infratemporal wall of the orbit. You direct your patient to look?

Answer 20

• Look up and Nasally

Question 21

Which of the following is considered normal intraocular pressure?

Answer 21

10 mmHg

Question 22

A ______ allows the pressure to equalize between the middle ear and the atmosphere, reducing the pressure in the middle ear compartment.

Answer 22

Myringotomy

Question 23

Intrinsic muscle of the Larynx. Pair each muscle with its function.

Answer 23

Question 24

Please match the corresponding ey protection color glasses to their laser.

1. Nd:YAG laser =
2. CO2 Laser =
3. Potassium titanyl-phosphate laser (KTP) =
4. Argon laser =

Answer 24

1. Nd:YAG laser = Green-lensed eye protection
2. CO2 Laser = Clear glass or plastic
3. Potassium titanyl-phosphate laser (KTP) = Orange-red eye protection
4. Argon laser = Orange eye protection

Question 25

Nitrous oxide is ____ times more soluble than nitrogen in blood and enters the middle ear cavity more rapidly than nitrogen leaves, causing an increase in middle ear pressure if the eustachian tube is obstructed.

Answer 25

34 times

Question 26

Inadequate release of parathyroid hormone is caused by the inadvertent removal of the parathyroid glands during a total thyroidectomy. Patients will present signs and symptoms of ________

Answer 26

Hypocalcemia

Question 27

Please select an amide local anesthetic commonly used in ENT surgery.

Answer 27

Question 28

Patients with hyperthyroidism have _____ T3 and T4 values and decreased or normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.

Answer 28

Increased

Question 29

The superior laryngeal and recurrent laryngeal nerve are both branches of the _______ nerve.

Answer 29

Vagus Nerve (X)

Question 30

Please Mark the extraocular(recta medial) muscle responsible for eye adduction. In the image below.

Answer 30

Question 31

Which anesthetic would be appropriate for an anticoagulated patient undergoing cataract surgery?

Answer 31

Topical Anesthesia

Question 32

Only local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive ability. Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine and epinephrine at adrenergic nerve

Question 33

________ are particularly well suited for maxillofacial surgery that does not allow for oral intubation.

Answer 33

Nasal RAE tube

Question 34

Tru or False?
A cleft palate develops when the bones of the nasal and maxillary or palatal bones fail to fuse. Up to 30% of these newborns have other congenital anomalies such as Down syndrome and Treacher-Collins syndrome.

Answer 34

True

Question 35

The ____ nerve provides motor function to the intrinsic muscles of the larynx and the heart. It is also the efferent pathway for the oculocardiac reflex.

Answer 35

Vagus

Question 36

The topical anesthetic drug used in ENT surgery can produce methemoglobinemia.

Answer 36

Benzocaine

Question 37

A patient is undergoing surgery to correct strabismus. Suddenly the heart rate decreases to 20 beats per minute. The next step should be:

Answer 37

Removing any stimulation

Question 38

The Trigeminal nerve begins at the Gasserian ganglion and divides into three branches. Please select all that apply.

Answer 38

1. Maxillary
2. Ophthalmic
3. Mandibular

Question 39

The addition of ______ to a local anesthetic prolongs the duration of the block and decreases systemic absorption and plasma concentration, thus decreasing toxicity.

Answer 39

Epinephrine