Final Exam Review Flashcards
function of pyloric sphinctor
valve that regulates flow of partially digested food from the stomach to duodenum
passive immunity
produced by transfer of antibodies from another source
natural- through placenta or breast milk
artificial- injection of antibodies
functions of urinary system
regulation of blood volume, pressure, and pH
where oocytes are produced and “stored”
ovaries
where the prostate can be explored
in the rectum through the anus
where most of semen volume is produced
seminal vesicle (gland)
neonatal period duration
birth to one month of age
irregular and brief uterine contractions that occur towards the end of gestation
braxton hicks contractions
order of stages of labor
dilation, expulsion, placental
formations of different types of cells required in development; occurs through selective changes in genetic activity
differentiation
agglutinogens
antigens
agglutinins
antibodies
lining of the chambers of the heart
endometrium
bicuspid valve location
between left atrium and left ventricle
order of flow for systemic circulation
oxegynated blod enters left ventricle, goes through aortic valve to the aorta, then is taken to the rest of the body and deoxygenated blood returns to the rigth atrium through the IVC and SVC
universal blood donor
O neg
what types of blood can a B+ person receive
B+, B-, O+, O-
characteristics of AB blood
surface antigens (agglutinogens): A and B; no antibodies (agglutinins)
AB+: universal receiver
life span of an rbc
120 days (4 months)
location of pituitary gland
within sella turcica of sphenoid
hormone that regulates rbc production
erythropoeitin
which cell releases histamine and heparin
basophils (leukocyte)
type of cell that releases secretion directly into body fluids
endocrine cells
the hypothalamus is part of what organ systems
nervous and endocrine
what does the P wave on an EKG represent
atrial depolarization (contraction)
what does the QRS complex on an EKG represent
ventricular depolarization (contraction)
where does erythropoiesis (rbc production) occur
myeloid tissue (red bone marrow)
mature erythrocyte characteristics
anucleate (no nucleus), no mitochondria or ribosomes, cannot divide, synthesize proteins, or repair damage,120 day life span
erythropoiesis
production of rbcs
humane genome
full set of genetic material (DNA)
what type of chromosomes are X and Y
sex chromosomes (23rd pair)
number of chromosomes in a human gamete
23
through what does blood re-enter the heart from the pulmonary circuit
pulmonary veins
function of ADH
anti-diuretic hormone (ADH): maintains hydration (increases water retention
homozygous
both homologous chromosomes carry same allele of a particular gene
APGAR test
measures breathing, heart rate, skin color, reflexes, and muscle tone (7-10 is healthy)
fraternal twins
two eggs, two sperms
where do cusps of AV valves attach to
papillary muscles
female pronucleus fuses with male pronucleus
amphimixis; completes fertilization
fertilized secondary oocye enters meiosis II and becomes-
a mature ovum
at week 9, embryo becomes-
a fetus
