Final Exam Review

Question 1

function of pyloric sphinctor

Answer 1

valve that regulates flow of partially digested food from the stomach to duodenum

Question 2

passive immunity

Answer 2

produced by transfer of antibodies from another source

natural- through placenta or breast milk
artificial- injection of antibodies

Question 3

functions of urinary system

Answer 3

regulation of blood volume, pressure, and pH

Question 4

where oocytes are produced and “stored”

Answer 4

ovaries

Question 5

where the prostate can be explored

Answer 5

in the rectum through the anus

Question 6

where most of semen volume is produced

Answer 6

seminal vesicle (gland)

Question 7

neonatal period duration

Answer 7

birth to one month of age

Question 8

irregular and brief uterine contractions that occur towards the end of gestation

Answer 8

braxton hicks contractions

Question 9

order of stages of labor

Answer 9

dilation, expulsion, placental

Question 10

formations of different types of cells required in development; occurs through selective changes in genetic activity

Answer 10

differentiation

Question 11

agglutinogens

Answer 11

antigens

Question 12

agglutinins

Answer 12

antibodies

Question 13

lining of the chambers of the heart

Answer 13

endometrium

Question 14

bicuspid valve location

Answer 14

between left atrium and left ventricle

Question 15

order of flow for systemic circulation

Answer 15

oxegynated blod enters left ventricle, goes through aortic valve to the aorta, then is taken to the rest of the body and deoxygenated blood returns to the rigth atrium through the IVC and SVC

Question 16

universal blood donor

Answer 16

O neg

Question 17

what types of blood can a B+ person receive

Answer 17

B+, B-, O+, O-

Question 18

characteristics of AB blood

Answer 18

surface antigens (agglutinogens): A and B; no antibodies (agglutinins)

AB+: universal receiver

Question 19

life span of an rbc

Answer 19

120 days (4 months)

Question 20

location of pituitary gland

Answer 20

within sella turcica of sphenoid

Question 21

hormone that regulates rbc production

Answer 21

erythropoeitin

Question 22

which cell releases histamine and heparin

Answer 22

basophils (leukocyte)

Question 23

type of cell that releases secretion directly into body fluids

Answer 23

endocrine cells

Question 24

the hypothalamus is part of what organ systems

Answer 24

nervous and endocrine

Question 25

what does the P wave on an EKG represent

Answer 25

atrial depolarization (contraction)

Question 26

what does the QRS complex on an EKG represent

Answer 26

ventricular depolarization (contraction)

Question 27

where does erythropoiesis (rbc production) occur

Answer 27

myeloid tissue (red bone marrow)

Question 28

mature erythrocyte characteristics

Answer 28

anucleate (no nucleus), no mitochondria or ribosomes, cannot divide, synthesize proteins, or repair damage,120 day life span

Question 29

erythropoiesis

Answer 29

production of rbcs

Question 30

humane genome

Answer 30

full set of genetic material (DNA)

Question 31

what type of chromosomes are X and Y

Answer 31

sex chromosomes (23rd pair)

Question 32

number of chromosomes in a human gamete

Answer 32

23

Question 33

through what does blood re-enter the heart from the pulmonary circuit

Answer 33

pulmonary veins

Question 34

function of ADH

Answer 34

anti-diuretic hormone (ADH): maintains hydration (increases water retention

Question 35

homozygous

Answer 35

both homologous chromosomes carry same allele of a particular gene

Question 36

APGAR test

Answer 36

measures breathing, heart rate, skin color, reflexes, and muscle tone (7-10 is healthy)

Question 37

fraternal twins

Answer 37

two eggs, two sperms

Question 38

where do cusps of AV valves attach to

Answer 38

papillary muscles

Question 39

female pronucleus fuses with male pronucleus

Answer 39

amphimixis; completes fertilization

Question 40

fertilized secondary oocye enters meiosis II and becomes-

Answer 40

a mature ovum

Question 41

at week 9, embryo becomes-

Answer 41

a fetus