Final Exam Review Flashcards
The 4 main regions of the axial skeleton
Vertebral column, skull, ribcage and sternum
2 regions of the appendicular skeleton
Thoracic and Pelvic
How many chromosome pairs do dogs have?
39
How many chromosome pairs do cats have
19
When an owner mates unrelated individuals to eliminate bad characteristics
Hybrid vigor
Most common type of canine viral disease in NC with trademark smell
Canine parvovirus
Disease is caused by a coronavirus and although less than 5% develop the disease symptoms, many are carriers
Feline infectious peritonitis
A bacterial disease associated with a zoonotic lung infection and dogs very commonly get it from the owner
Tuberculosis
One of the most common U.S. tick borne diseases and tick must be seized for over 24 hours to transmit
Lyme disease
Disease causes cats to die from secondary infections due to low immune function. Transmission (biting is main form) is the main difference of this from FeLV
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
A disease only present in dogs that’s transmitted by direct contact, the virus is present in stool, saliva, and urine
Infectious Canine Hepatitis
The leading cause of dog infectious diseases worldwide with only 50% of showing symptoms. Similar to measles in humans
Distemper
Subgroups in the working group category of dog breeds
Guard, rescue and sled dogs
Was a police dog from Germany that can forget they are not toy breeds when they sit on you
Rottweiler
Who gave the lecture on the AKC
Marybeth O’Neill
Name two AKC events/ certifications mixed breed dogs can participate in
Obedience
Agility
Others include: coursing ability, Fast Cat, AKC Canine good citizen, rally, farm dog, scent detection, fit dog program
How many pure dog breeds does the AKC recognize
198 (currently)
Cat scientific name
Felis catus
A dog breed that can be shown in a dog show with honorable scars and missing teeth from working in the field
Border collie
What was the original primary purpose for ear cropping
To prevent rabies
What are scent-producing structures in male cats (list 4)
Interdigital gland, caudal gland, pinna, perioral
What are 2 of the most common reasons discussed that we keep fish as pets
they’re less demanding
and relieve stress
T/F tropical fish prefer a high numerical water pH compared to saltwater fish
False. Tropical fish prefer a lower pH of about 7 whereas saltwater fish prefer a higher pH like 8.6
What are the four rabbit size classes?
small, lightweight, average, and heavy
What is a rabbit’s gestation period?
30-33 days
What is the minimum amount of square inches of floor space required for hamsters in the U.S. according to Munchie’s Place?
450 square inches
What are commonly discussed health issues with hedgehogs (2)
parasites like mites and lungworms
constipation
Name a saltwater fish that can be bred in captivity
clownfish
Two heterozygous brown dogs that breed have 8 puppies. Four of the puppies are brown Bb and two are brown BB, while the other two are yellow bb. This genetic breeding scenario is an example of
Complete dominance
Disease transmitted by ticks and can be serious in humans. Dog can be a carrier for a long time before symptoms are shown. The rash developed can be difficult to see.
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Viral disease in cats that results in death within three years. Has an acute and chronic form. leads to cancer and secondary infections. Transmission occurs via biting mating, saliva transfer (grooming)
Feline Leukemia Virus
putting hats all over the room and slowly starting to put them on your head and guest’s heads will allow the animal to adjust to their prior fear.
flooding
How many cat breeds are recognized by the Cat Fancier’s Association (CFA)?
45 (few hybrid cats are recognized)
Important cause of reproductive failure/ late-stage abortion, produces sterility, is zoonotic but has no vaccine. It’s recommended to castrate, test, and remove infected from kennels. Antibiotic therapy is possible.
Brucellosis
Bacterial disease spread by urine (contaminated food and water). Fever in early stages, listlessness, loss of appetite, mental depression. Primarily affects kidneys (hunched gait due to pain); Is zoonotic and vaccine is available
Leptospirosis
AKA lockjaw. spread by Clostridium tetani. Neurotoxin causes spastic contractions, difficulty opening mouth, rigid extension of legs. Prognosis is poor unless treated with antitoxins, antibiotics, sedatives, IV fluids, and wound care.
Tetanus
Puppies and young or elderly animals are mostly susceptible. gastroenteritis, fever, loss of appetite, depression. Carriers may be asymptomatic. Zoonotic
Salmonellosis
AKA rabbit fever. Associated with ticks. skin lesions, swollen lymph nodes, pneumonia, weakness in rear legs. Zoonotic to humans and other species
Tularemia
First isolated from military dogs in 1971. Lowered immune system may allow bacteria to invade and makes treatment difficult. Vaccines are uncertain. causes diarrhea
Canine coronavirus
Most severe in late pregnancy and in puppies. causes hard, distended abdomen; usually die within 24 hours. Have it for life; not zoonotic
Herpes
Infectious respiratory disease that’s highly contagious and is usually accompanied by a harsh cough. occurs when a lot of dogs are housed together. Can be viral and bacterial and vaccines are available
Kennel Cough/ Infectious Tracheobronchitis
Protozoan disease in both cats and dogs; mostly a southern U.S. problem; results from filth, overcrowding, and dampness
Coccidosis
Protozoan disease in both cats and dogs; Cats are the definitive host; transmitted by eating infected organisms like birds or rodents.
Toxoplasmosis
Feline virus that’s very resistant; best treatment is prevention; symptoms: fever, depression, loss of appetite, and cannot drink water, vomiting
Feline Panleukopenia (FPL)
Internal parasite that can be serious in puppies. eggs come from the soil, enter oral cavity, hatch in intestines, crawl up the windpipe, are swallowed and return to the intestines as adults. Small, thin worms
Roundworms/Ascarids
Internal parasite that can kill puppies and puppies acquire from mom’s milk during the first few weeks of life
Hookworms
Humans can get these internal parasites too and they’re usually more serious in humans than in dogs (not life-threatening). Can get them from eating uncooked meat, or can be transmitted via fleas
Tapeworms
Adults live in right side of heart; spread by mosquitos. Dogs are asymptomatic for a long time then shortness in breath, weight loss, deep cough
Heart worms
Most common worms in cats; infestation is similar to dogs
Roundworms/Toxocariasis
Mites cause scratching and biting of site; can infect humans, but only live around 3 weeks. easily treated
Sarcoptic mange
Mites have less zoonotic potential; some breeds are more prone likely due to immune system issues
Demodicosis/ red mange
External parasite occurs in puppies and is very contagious
Walking dandruff
Most common dog insect problem; feed on blood; disease carrier, allergies
Ordinary cat flea; although the dog flea also infests
Can bite and feed on skin or suck and feed on blood; also irritate ears
lice
Most common in dogs; suck blood and carry numerous diseases
Brown dog tick. ticks in general
Itchy bacterial infection from scratching; caused by ear mites and chiggers
Scabies
What are the 4 main types of aggression?
Dominance, Territorial, Possessive, and others: maternal aggression, intact-male aggression, pain-elicited, redirected/misdirected
Natural behavior that is not aggression. Has been reduced in some breeds and enhanced in others; excel in prey detection. ex. chasing cars, bikes and people
Predation
How many people are bitten by dogs in the U.S. annually
4.7 million; almost 880,000 cases require some type of medical attention
Age group with the highest fatalities by dog attacks
children under the age of 1
What kind of dogs are more likely to be apart of dog attack statistics
Intact-males (breed isn’t necessarily important here because no dog should attack innocent people)
Examples of animal rights groups
PETA, Animal Liberation Front (ALF), Animal Rights Militia (ARM), Farm Animal Reform Management, etc.
How many companion animals have to be euthanized each year due to overpopulation/overcrowding in animal shelters
10-15 million
How much is companion animal overpopulation costing in taxes
over $1 billion
Examples of animal welfare groups
SPCA (not the same as ASPCA, another animal welfare group), Humane society of Wake County (plus other local human societies), Independent Animal Rescue, TNR, etc,
Largest animal protection organization, not the same as the Humane Society; becoming more animal rights affiliated although foundation was welfare
Humane Society of the United States
How long ago were cats domesticated?
3,000 years
