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Companion Animal Science > Exam 1 Review > Flashcards

Exam 1 Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the main difference between a subspecies and a breed. Give examples of each.

A

Subspecies differ both morphologically and geographically from the original species based on natural selection. A breed is based on artificial selection and they’re not usually isolated geographically.
Subspecies of dog: Dingo; New Guinea Singing Dog
Breed of dog: Boxer; Chihuahua

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2
Q

How many years ago was the dog first completely domesticated?

A

15,000 years ago

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3
Q

When did selective breeding as we know it now truly begin?

A

5,000 years ago; huge extremes started occurring 200 years ago

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4
Q

Started police work prior to WW1 in Germany

A

Great Scnhauzer

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5
Q

Breed noted as being especially susceptible to gastric-volvulus (GDV)

A

Great Pyrenees

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6
Q

Smallest breed in Sporting group

A

Cocker spaniel

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7
Q

Powerful dog that needs to be trained with an experienced owner

A

Rottweiler

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8
Q

Scent hound( most known for this trait)

A

Bloodhound

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9
Q

Owned by noble families of Russia

A

Borzoi

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10
Q

What is the North Carolina State dog breed?

A

Plott hound

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11
Q

In 2020 it is estimated that 104 billion dollars always spent on pets in the U.S. T/F

A

True

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12
Q

Irish Setter, Cocker Spaniel, Brittany, Labrador Retriever (what AKC group?)

A

Sporting

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13
Q

Rottweiler, Giant Schnauzer, Great Pyrenees, Boxer (what AKC group?)

A

Working

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14
Q

Dachshund, Plott hound, bassett hound, borzoi (what AKC group?)

A

Hound

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15
Q

American Staffordshire terrier, Parson Russel terrier, bull terrier, border terrier (what AkC group)

A

Terrier

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16
Q

Chihuahua, Chinese Crested, Brussels Griffon, Havanese (AKC group?)

A

Toy

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17
Q

Belgian Malinois, Border collie, Pumi, Shetland Sheepdog (AKC group?)

A

Herding

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18
Q

Bulldog, Chow chow, Bichon frise, French bulldog (AKC group?)

A

Non-sporting

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19
Q

What is ear cropping? What was the original purpose.

A

Part or all of an animal’s outer ear are cut or removed; to prevent the risk of infection or the animal injuring themselves (it was believed that docking would prevent rabies)

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20
Q

Cats are the most numerous pet mammal worldwide; fish are the most abundant pet in general T/F

A

True

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21
Q

Dogs and wolves differ by what percent of Mitochondrial DNA?

A

0.2%

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22
Q

How many subspecies to the dog’s ancestor (Canis lupus) are there? including those extinct.

A

39; 8 went extinct so there are currently 31 Grey wolf subspecies

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23
Q

How many pairs of chromosomes does the domestic dog have?

A

39 (just like wolves, coyotes, and jackals)

24
Q

the breeding and containment of a species under human control

A

domestication

25
Q

An animal can be socialized to humans but can easily revert to feral instincts; not the same as domestication

A

taming

26
Q

fertility and sexual maturity changes between wolves and dogs

A
  • Wolf females have 1 estrus cycle; dog females have 2
  • Wolf males are fertile seasonally; dog males are fertile year-round
  • dog’s social maturity develops later in life compared to sexual maturity
27
Q

Specialized hunters that locate game and often collect it; active, alert, likeable; energetic and need lots of exercise

A

Sporting group

28
Q

the 3 general groupings of Sporting dog breeds

A 
Forerunners (silently point toward game)
Flushing dogs (move game and "flush it" toward their human)
Retrievers (fetch game and return it)
29
Q

“otter” tail; originated in Newfoundland; water-resistant coat; prime breed for guide and rescue

A

Labrador Retriever

30
Q

Began in 1800 Ireland for hunting gamecock; silky, medium coat that can be mahogany, chestnut, or red in color; susceptible to bloat due to deep chest

A

Irish Setter

31
Q

General groupings within Working group breeds

A

Guard dogs
Sled dogs
Rescue dogs

32
Q

Not very tolerant of dogs of the same sex; inside housing preferred; has worked as war dogs, police dogs, cattle dogs, watchdogs, etc.

A

Boxer

33
Q

“Dachs” in German

A

badger (refers to how Dachshunds were bred to hunt badgers; weasels and foxes too)

34
Q

“Look of a sad clown”; bred in France and Belgium for endurance; nose is 2nd to the Bloodhound

A

Bassett Hound

35
Q

Differences between American Staffordshire terriers and Pit bulls

A
  • pit bulls are typically taller and heavier

- Am. terriers are thought to be friendlier

36
Q

How to stop your cat from scratching indoors

A
  • get a (non-carpeted) scratching post
  • give them something else to do
  • distract them from areas of concern so the problem doesn’t start to begin with
37
Q

How to stop your cat from spraying indoors

A
  • make sure the cat feels happy and safe (in case they’re responding to stress this way)
  • wash area with baking soda, solution then scrub with pure alcohol
38
Q

Training a cat to use the litter-box

A
  • keep litter 1 inch deep; place box in a quiet area
  • place kitten in box regularly; after it has eaten or woken up
  • move its paws through the litter; never punish for mistakes
  • mix soil in litter gradually if also training to go outside; then spread some litter outside
39
Q

Stopping litter box problems

A
  • cover litter box and clean regularly (strong odors prevent cat from going sometimes)
  • put food near where cat’s soiling to discourage behavior
  • secure cat door against other cats (if aggressive cats are a reason for problem)
40
Q

Teaching a cat or dog to use pet door

A
  • prop door open and encourage walk through with praise and reward (treats!)
  • gradually begin to close door as pet gets used to going through door on their own
  • make sure there’s nothing beyond the door that would scare your pet
41
Q

bred to hunt foxes; can be smooth or wire-coated; named after a well-known hunter from 1800s England

A

Parson Russel Terrier

42
Q

“otter” head; long legs used to keep up with game; double-coated terrier

A

Border Terrier

43
Q

stowed on ships to hunt vermin; hairless

A

Chinese Crested

44
Q

big, human-like eyes; “bearded”; low tolerance for loneliness

A

Brussels Griffon

45
Q

native to Cuba (named after capital city); curled-over tail, long-haired; susceptible to Legg-calve-Perthes disease- a disease that affects hip joint)

A

Havanese

46
Q

Hungarian origin; corkscrew ears

A

Pumi

47
Q

cousin to the collie; originated from Scotland’s Shetland islands

A

Shetland sheepdog

48
Q

Examples of subspecies to the domestic dog

A

Dingos

New Guinea Singing Dog

49
Q

When were cats “fully” domesticated

A

around 1000 B.C. (about 3,000 years ago)

50
Q

Cats were associated with the Egyptian goddess:

A

Bastet (goddess of fertility, love and cats)

51
Q

3 types of communication used by cats

A

scent, vocalization, and body motions

52
Q

When cats taste what they smell

A

Flehmen reaction (curls back upper lip revealing teeth)

53
Q

How long is a cat’s gestation period

A

63 days

54
Q

Domestic cat’s scientific name

A

Felis catus

55
Q

How many intervals per day average do cats eat

A

13; obesity concern

56
Q

Different meanings (3) TNR

A

trap, neuter, release/return/rescue

57
Q

How many dog breeds are there? AKC recognized?

A

344 globally; 197 AKC recognized

Companion Animal Science (4 decks)

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