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Sim Lecture II > Final Exam Review > Flashcards

Final Exam Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is the most common childhood brain tumor?

A

Medulloblastoma

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2
Q

Peak age for medulloblastoma?

A

3-5 years old

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3
Q

What are the symptoms of medulloblastoma?

A

Hydrocephalus, headache, early morning vomiting, ataxia, cranial nerve abnormalities

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4
Q

How does Medulloblastoma spread?

A

direct extension & seeding

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5
Q

What percent of medulablastoma patients have mets?

A

6%

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6
Q

what is the site of distant mets for medulooblastoma?

A

bone

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7
Q

T/F: Many medulloblastoma do not require rad therapy because surgery alone is often curative

A

False

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8
Q

T/F: Has chemo been used to delay or replace rad therapy in medulloblstoma patients?

A

True

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9
Q

What is the recommended treatment order for medulloblastoma?

A

Surgery, radiation therapy, and then chemo

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10
Q

Aside from medulloblastoma craniospinal radiation is used for what?

A

Epenedymoma with distant CNS mets & intracranial germ cell tumors

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11
Q

T/F: In craniospinal rad delivery of rad needs to encompass entire brain and spinal cord in same course simultaneous?

A

True

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12
Q

What energy is used for crandiospinal?

A

6 Mv

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13
Q

Number of posterior spinal fields is determined based on?

A

The patients height

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14
Q

In craniospinal rad why should the patient extend their chin as much as possible?

A

To protect the mandible

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15
Q

In craniospinal rad which of the following can be done to help avoid hot or cold spots?

A

Feather gap, couch kick, rotate collimator, matching beam divergent, and shift gap on skin

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16
Q

Which lymph nodes are include in mantle field?

A

cervical, submandibular, axillary, supraclavicular, intraclavicular, mediastinal and hilar

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17
Q

Which lymph nodes in ap/pa abdominal or paraortic field?

A

the spleen, para-aortic and retroperitoneal nodes

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18
Q

What does it mean when HL have A symptoms vs B symptoms?

A

A symptoms: absence

B symptoms: fever, night sweats, and weight lose

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19
Q

HL pts who experience symptoms of weight loss have loss more than what % of body weight in what time frame?

A

10% in 6 months

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20
Q

HL pts who experience of unexplained fever have body temp higher than what? In F

A

100.4

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21
Q

Name of the staging symptoms for HL?

A

Ann Arbor

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22
Q

Which of the following is more common in men than in women (HL types)?

A

Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma

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23
Q

Which of the following presents with more advanced disease and carries worse prognosis (HL type)?

A

Lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin lymphoma

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24
Q

What is the most common type of HL in the US?

A

Classic Hodgkins Lymphoma (CHL)

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25
Q

T/F: Pt are diagnosis with HL only when the reed Sternberg cell is present

A

True

26
Q

Which has a bimodal peak (see a population of cancer in a certain age group) – HL,NHL, breast cancer, Medulloblastoma?

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma

27
Q

What is the most common symptom of HL?

A

Painless enlargement of a lymph node

28
Q

T/F: Ann arbor staging is still in use there have been several modifications (Cotswold)

A

True

29
Q

T/F: HL usually spreads in a predictable manner

A

True

30
Q

HL is extremely radiosensitive or radioresistant?

A

Radiosensitive

31
Q

define: Pruritus

A

itching

32
Q

define: Akimbo

A

elbows bent and hands on hips

33
Q

define: Oophoropexy

A

surgical movement of the ovaries to midline

34
Q

Which of the following is the treatment choice for early stage HL?

A

Radiation therapy

35
Q

In rad treatment of HL what is done if mask isn’t used?

A

Take a chin to SSN measurement

36
Q

Where is the CAX located in the mantle field?

A

Near SSN

37
Q

Which type of blocking is used in HL?

A

Aperture block

38
Q

Why is a testicular shield used for male patients in total pelvic irradiation in HL?

A

To reduce internal scatter radiation

39
Q

Where are the superior and inferior borders of the spinal cord?

A

Foramen magnum to L2

40
Q

Breast cancer represents less than ___ % of malignancies in men

A

1%

41
Q

What is the gynemastia?

A

Development of breast tissue in males

42
Q

How does monarch effect instance of breast cancer?

A

Increases breast cancer risk

43
Q

T/F: Presence of peau d’orange skin is a skin of a good prognosis of patients with breast cancer

A

False

44
Q

t/f: when treating breast cancer with tang fields, a small margin of lung is included

A

True

45
Q

what single agent chemo drug is commonly used to treat breast cancer?

A

Doxorubicin

46
Q

what are the three most common sites of mets in breast cancer?

A

Lung, bone, brain

47
Q

procedure blue die into breast tissue near tumor , goes into lymphatic channel and go first in line, what does this describe

A

sentinel Lymph node biopsy

48
Q

supraclavicular field is include in field when ____ axillary nodes are positive

A

4

49
Q

what is the most common cancer site in American women?

A

Breast

50
Q

what is the tail of spence?

A

the upper outer portion of the breast field

51
Q

what is being treated with inverted y

A

pelvic and para-aortic fields

52
Q

what is being treated with the mantle field

A

neck, chest, and axilla

53
Q

what is being treated with total nodal radiation

A

mantle, pelvic, and para-aortic fields

54
Q

what is being treated with subtotal nodal radidaiton

A

treatment of the mantle and abdominal without the pelvic portion

55
Q

usually involves nodes in the chest and neck and is typically diagnosed at an early stage. It is most common among people in their 20s and 30s.

A

Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin Lymphoma (NSHL)

56
Q

less common than NSHL; the average age at diagnosis is 38 years old. This type more commonly affects men than women and also tends to present in the abdomen and spleen.

A

Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma (MCHL)

57
Q

found in only 5% of cases; usually is found in the upper body; more common in men.

A

Lymphoctyte-Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma (LRHL):

58
Q

the rarest of the 4 subtypes of CHL; usually presents with more advanced disease and carries the worst prognosis; usually affects people in their 30s and those with HIV infection.

A

Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma (LDHL):

59
Q

characterized by variants of the Reed-Sternberg cells that are termed “popcorn” cells because they closely resemble the look of popcorn. Men are more affected than women, as are people aged 30-50 years. This type accounts for 5% of Hodgkin Lymphomas. It usually presents with disease in the lymph nodes of the neck and axilla. 90% of patients have remission after surgery and radiation.

A

Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)

60
Q

cotswold modifications to the Ann Arbor staging system include?

A
  • a category “X” to denote bulky diseasegreater than 10 cm, and identifying regions of lymph node involvement, denoted by an “E.”
  • Cotswold modifications added levels of response to treatment, and endorsed the use of CT scans to evaluate lymph nodes.

Sim Lecture II (5 decks)

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