Final Exam Review

Question 1

Which of the following is the most common childhood brain tumor?

Answer 1

Medulloblastoma

Question 2

Peak age for medulloblastoma?

Answer 2

3-5 years old

Question 3

What are the symptoms of medulloblastoma?

Answer 3

Hydrocephalus, headache, early morning vomiting, ataxia, cranial nerve abnormalities

Question 4

How does Medulloblastoma spread?

Answer 4

direct extension & seeding

Question 5

What percent of medulablastoma patients have mets?

Answer 5

6%

Question 6

what is the site of distant mets for medulooblastoma?

Answer 6

bone

Question 7

T/F: Many medulloblastoma do not require rad therapy because surgery alone is often curative

Answer 7

False

Question 8

T/F: Has chemo been used to delay or replace rad therapy in medulloblstoma patients?

Answer 8

True

Question 9

What is the recommended treatment order for medulloblastoma?

Answer 9

Surgery, radiation therapy, and then chemo

Question 10

Aside from medulloblastoma craniospinal radiation is used for what?

Answer 10

Epenedymoma with distant CNS mets & intracranial germ cell tumors

Question 11

T/F: In craniospinal rad delivery of rad needs to encompass entire brain and spinal cord in same course simultaneous?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What energy is used for crandiospinal?

Answer 12

6 Mv

Question 13

Number of posterior spinal fields is determined based on?

Answer 13

The patients height

Question 14

In craniospinal rad why should the patient extend their chin as much as possible?

Answer 14

To protect the mandible

Question 15

In craniospinal rad which of the following can be done to help avoid hot or cold spots?

Answer 15

Feather gap, couch kick, rotate collimator, matching beam divergent, and shift gap on skin

Question 16

Which lymph nodes are include in mantle field?

Answer 16

cervical, submandibular, axillary, supraclavicular, intraclavicular, mediastinal and hilar

Question 17

Which lymph nodes in ap/pa abdominal or paraortic field?

Answer 17

the spleen, para-aortic and retroperitoneal nodes

Question 18

What does it mean when HL have A symptoms vs B symptoms?

Answer 18

A symptoms: absence

B symptoms: fever, night sweats, and weight lose

Question 19

HL pts who experience symptoms of weight loss have loss more than what % of body weight in what time frame?

Answer 19

10% in 6 months

Question 20

HL pts who experience of unexplained fever have body temp higher than what? In F

Answer 20

100.4

Question 21

Name of the staging symptoms for HL?

Answer 21

Ann Arbor

Question 22

Which of the following is more common in men than in women (HL types)?

Answer 22

Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma

Question 23

Which of the following presents with more advanced disease and carries worse prognosis (HL type)?

Answer 23

Lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin lymphoma

Question 24

What is the most common type of HL in the US?

Answer 24

Classic Hodgkins Lymphoma (CHL)

Question 25

T/F: Pt are diagnosis with HL only when the reed Sternberg cell is present

Answer 25

True

Question 26

Which has a bimodal peak (see a population of cancer in a certain age group) – HL,NHL, breast cancer, Medulloblastoma?

Answer 26

Hodgkins Lymphoma

Question 27

What is the most common symptom of HL?

Answer 27

Painless enlargement of a lymph node

Question 28

T/F: Ann arbor staging is still in use there have been several modifications (Cotswold)

Answer 28

True

Question 29

T/F: HL usually spreads in a predictable manner

Answer 29

True

Question 30

HL is extremely radiosensitive or radioresistant?

Answer 30

Radiosensitive

Question 31

define: Pruritus

Answer 31

itching

Question 32

define: Akimbo

Answer 32

elbows bent and hands on hips

Question 33

define: Oophoropexy

Answer 33

surgical movement of the ovaries to midline

Question 34

Which of the following is the treatment choice for early stage HL?

Answer 34

Radiation therapy

Question 35

In rad treatment of HL what is done if mask isn’t used?

Answer 35

Take a chin to SSN measurement

Question 36

Where is the CAX located in the mantle field?

Answer 36

Near SSN

Question 37

Which type of blocking is used in HL?

Answer 37

Aperture block

Question 38

Why is a testicular shield used for male patients in total pelvic irradiation in HL?

Answer 38

To reduce internal scatter radiation

Question 39

Where are the superior and inferior borders of the spinal cord?

Answer 39

Foramen magnum to L2

Question 40

Breast cancer represents less than ___ % of malignancies in men

Answer 40

1%

Question 41

What is the gynemastia?

Answer 41

Development of breast tissue in males

Question 42

How does monarch effect instance of breast cancer?

Answer 42

Increases breast cancer risk

Question 43

T/F: Presence of peau d’orange skin is a skin of a good prognosis of patients with breast cancer

Answer 43

False

Question 44

t/f: when treating breast cancer with tang fields, a small margin of lung is included

Answer 44

True

Question 45

what single agent chemo drug is commonly used to treat breast cancer?

Answer 45

Doxorubicin

Question 46

what are the three most common sites of mets in breast cancer?

Answer 46

Lung, bone, brain

Question 47

procedure blue die into breast tissue near tumor , goes into lymphatic channel and go first in line, what does this describe

Answer 47

sentinel Lymph node biopsy

Question 48

supraclavicular field is include in field when ____ axillary nodes are positive

Answer 48

4

Question 49

what is the most common cancer site in American women?

Answer 49

Breast

Question 50

what is the tail of spence?

Answer 50

the upper outer portion of the breast field

Question 51

what is being treated with inverted y

Answer 51

pelvic and para-aortic fields

Question 52

what is being treated with the mantle field

Answer 52

neck, chest, and axilla

Question 53

what is being treated with total nodal radiation

Answer 53

mantle, pelvic, and para-aortic fields

Question 54

what is being treated with subtotal nodal radidaiton

Answer 54

treatment of the mantle and abdominal without the pelvic portion

Question 55

usually involves nodes in the chest and neck and is typically diagnosed at an early stage. It is most common among people in their 20s and 30s.

Answer 55

Nodular Sclerosing Hodgkin Lymphoma (NSHL)

Question 56

less common than NSHL; the average age at diagnosis is 38 years old. This type more commonly affects men than women and also tends to present in the abdomen and spleen.

Answer 56

Mixed Cellularity Hodgkin Lymphoma (MCHL)

Question 57

found in only 5% of cases; usually is found in the upper body; more common in men.

Answer 57

Lymphoctyte-Rich Hodgkin Lymphoma (LRHL):

Question 58

the rarest of the 4 subtypes of CHL; usually presents with more advanced disease and carries the worst prognosis; usually affects people in their 30s and those with HIV infection.

Answer 58

Lymphocyte-Depleted Hodgkin Lymphoma (LDHL):

Question 59

characterized by variants of the Reed-Sternberg cells that are termed “popcorn” cells because they closely resemble the look of popcorn. Men are more affected than women, as are people aged 30-50 years. This type accounts for 5% of Hodgkin Lymphomas. It usually presents with disease in the lymph nodes of the neck and axilla. 90% of patients have remission after surgery and radiation.

Answer 59

Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma (NLPHL)

Question 60

cotswold modifications to the Ann Arbor staging system include?

Answer 60

- a category “X” to denote bulky diseasegreater than 10 cm, and identifying regions of lymph node involvement, denoted by an “E.” - Cotswold modifications added levels of response to treatment, and endorsed the use of CT scans to evaluate lymph nodes.